10 research outputs found
Emerging materials for the electrochemical detection of COVID-19
The SARS-CoV-2 virus is still causing a dramatic loss of human lives worldwide, constituting an unprecedented challenge for the society, public health and economy, to overcome. The up-to-date diagnostic tests, PCR, antibody ELISA and Rapid Antigen, require special equipment, hours of analysis and special staff. For this reason, many research groups have focused recently on the design and development of electrochemical biosensors for the SARS-CoV-2 detection, indicating that they can play a significant role in controlling COVID disease. In this review we thoroughly discuss the transducer electrode nanomaterials investigated in order to improve the sensitivity, specificity and response time of the as-developed SARS-CoV-2 electrochemical biosensors. Particularly, we mainly focus on the results appeard on Au-based and carbon or graphene-based electrodes, which are the main material groups recently investigated worldwidely. Additionally, the adopted electrochemical detection techniques are also discussed, highlighting their pros and cos. The nanomaterial-based electrochemical biosensors could enable a fast, accurate and without special cost, virus detection. However, further research is required in terms of new nanomaterials and synthesis strategies in order the SARS-CoV-2 electrochemical biosensors to be commercialized. © 2021 Elsevier B.V
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A Systematic Review of Semantic Feature Analysis Therapy Studies for Aphasia
Purpose : The purpose of this study was to review treatment studies of semantic feature analysis (SFA) for persons with aphasia . The review documents how SFA is used, appraises the quality of the included studies and evaluates the efficacy of SFA.
Methods : The following electronic databases were systematically searched (last search February 2017) : Academic Search Complete; CINAHL Plus; E -journals; Health Policy Reference Centre; MEDLINE; PsycART ICLES; PsycINFO; and SocINDEX. The quality of the included studies was rated. Clinical efficacy was determined by calculating effect sizes ( Cohen’s d ) or percent of non-overlapping data when d could not be calculated.
Results: Twenty -one studies were reviewed reporting on 55 persons with aphasia. SFA was used in six different types of studies: confrontation naming of nouns, of verbs , connected speech /discourse, group, multilingual and studies where SFA was compared with other approaches . The quality of included studies was high [ Single Case Experimental Design Scale (SCED S) average (range) =9.55 ( 8.0- 11 )]. Naming of trained items improved for 45 participants ( 81.82%). Effect sizes indicated there was a small treatment effect.
Conclusions: SFA leads to p ositive outcomes despite the variability of treatment procedures, dosage, duration and variations to the traditional SFA protocol. Further research is warranted to examine the efficacy of SFA and generalization effects in larger controlled studies
Emerging materials for the electrochemical detection of COVID-19
The SARS-CoV-2 virus is still causing a dramatic loss of human lives worldwide, constituting an unprecedented challenge for the society, public health and economy, to overcome. The up-to-date diagnostic tests, PCR, antibody ELISA and Rapid Antigen, require special equipment, hours of analysis and special staff. For this reason, many research groups have focused recently on the design and development of electrochemical biosensors for the SARS-CoV-2 detection, indicating that they can play a significant role in controlling COVID disease. In this review we thoroughly discuss the transducer electrode nanomaterials investigated in order to improve the sensitivity, specificity and response time of the as-developed SARS-CoV-2 electrochemical biosensors. Particularly, we mainly focus on the results appeard on Au-based and carbon or graphene-based electrodes, which are the main material groups recently investigated worldwidely. Additionally, the adopted electrochemical detection techniques are also discussed, highlighting their pros and cos. The nanomaterial-based electrochemical biosensors could enable a fast, accurate and without special cost, virus detection. However, further research is required in terms of new nanomaterials and synthesis strategies in order the SARS-CoV-2 electrochemical biosensors to be commercialized. © 2021 Elsevier B.V