Detection of gravitational waves using a network of detectors

We formulate the data analysis problem for the detection of the Newtonian coalescing-binary signal by a network of laser interferometric gravitational wave detectors that have arbitrary orientations, but are located at the same site. We use the maximum likelihood method for optimizing the detection problem. We show that for networks comprising of up to three detectors, the optimal statistic is essentially the magnitude of the network correlation vector constructed from the matched network-filter. Alternatively, it is simply a linear combination of the signal-to-noise ratios of the individual detectors. This statistic, therefore, can be interpreted as the signal-to-noise ratio of the network. The overall sensitivity of the network is shown to increase roughly as the square-root of the number of detectors in the network. We further show that these results continue to hold even for the restricted post-Newtonian filters. Finally, our formalism is general enough to be extended to address the problem of detection of such waves from other sources by some other types of detectors, e.g., bars or spheres, or even by networks of spatially well-separated detectors.Comment: 14 pages, RevTex, 1 postscript figure. Based on talk given at Workshop on Cosmology: Observations confront theories, IIT-Kharagpur, India (January 1999

Genetic diversity analysis in Gladiolus genotypes (Gladiolus hybridus Hort)

In the present investigation, thirty gladiolus (Gladiolus hybridus Hort) genotypes were assessed to know the nature and magnitude of genetic divergence using Mahalanobis D2 statistics. Genetic diversity study indicated that among the 17 characters, most of the flower characters contributed towards diversity. Floret diameter contributed maximum towards genetic divergence followed by number of florets per spike, vase life, spike length and plant height.Thirty genotypes were grouped into 8 clusters and among them, cluster I was the largest with 9 genotypes followed by cluster II having 7 genotypes, and IV cluster 6 and cluster III with 3 genotypes each. Clusters were of V, VII and VIII solitary type means they having only one genotype in their group. Divergence values (D2 value) ranged from zero to 7.97 indicating considerable amount of moderate variability in the material studied. Information generated from the present study would be useful in selection of parents for future breeding programme for flower quality improvement in gladiolus. It is desirable to select genotypes from clusters having high cluster means and also with high flower character like spike length as parents for future recombination breeding programmes

The nutrition transition and the intra-household double burden of malnutrition in India

India is clearly far along in the nutrition transition. This paper shows that there have been rapid increases in the proportion of adult women in India who are overweight and obese: these increases are seen not just in urban but in rural areas as well, and there are regional specificities. Correspondingly, diabetes and hypertension affect a large proportion of adults, even as childhood undernutrition remains a public health problem. These have important consequences for the design of public health systems, especially in rural India. At the same time, the intra-household dual burden of malnutrition is also increasing. Among other factors, households with wealthier and less educated mothers, and children born with a healthy weight, seem less vulnerable to the dual burden of malnutrition. Also significant are household expenditure (suggesting that the phenomenon is associated with affluence) and lifestyle choices, calling for better and nuanced behavior change communication strategies

Flow Transients in Supercritical CO2 Natural Circulation Loop

AbstractA one-dimensional transient code is developed for studying the flow transient in the supercritical CO2 natural circulation loop. The transient code is validated with the experimental result. Various flow transients such as flow initiation, power step up and power step back have been studied. The effect of operational parameters and geometrical parameters on flow initiation transient also has been studied. In all cases steady state has been reached and instability is not observed in vertical heater vertical cooler configuration of supercritical CO2 natural circulation loop

Infertility analysis by hysterolaparoscopy

Background: Hysteroscopy provides a means of direct observation of intra-uterine defects, which can eventually interfere with fertility and as a therapy for intra-uterine lesions, for which hysteroscopy is the method of choice. To study the various etiological factors responsible for infertility in females by using hystero-laparoscopy.Methods: Prospective study of patients admitted with diagnosis of infertility in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in S N Medical College, Bagalkot from October 2013-April 2015.Results: Of the 50 cases of infertility, 35 cases (70%) were of primary infertility and 15 cases (30%) were of secondary infertility. Most of the patients (74%) had duration of Infertility of 1–5 years. Various etiological factors detected during study are uterine factors in 12%, tubal factors in 34%, ovarian factors in 18%. Unexplained in 16% of cases.Conclusions: In present study, hysterolaparoscopy helped in diagnosis of certain factors causing infertility which can’t be diagnosed by any other method short of hysterolaparoscopy. Tubal factors were found to be major cause of infertility

Effect of Acupressure and Changes in Heart Rate Variability in Dysmenorrhoea

Dysmenorrhoea is a common distressing disorder in women that manifests during menstrual phase especially in young females. The subjects suffering from pain during mensuration are considered to be dysmenorrhoeic. In our studies we have used heart rate variability (HRV) as a sensitive marker of autonomic activity.Autonomic nervous system activity was assessed by means of heart-rate variability (HRV) power spectral analysis during supine rest. The purpose of this study was to assess the changes in heart rate variability in dysmenorrhoea by assessing sympathetic activity and parasympathetic activity and to find out the effect of acupressure therapy whether it is beneficial or not in alleviating the symptoms of dysmenorrhoea. HRV and intensity of pain was assessed before and after acupressure therapy in dysmenorrhoea. Pain intensity was graded using Visual analogue scale. We have noted a significant alteration in autonomic function which may be an important component of premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Acupressure therapy has been effective in regulating the autonomic alterations. Acupressure therapy is an ancient Oriental healing method that applies pressure through a blunt probe to specific points on the skin surface which helps to prevent and treat illness. Acupressure therapy has also significantly reduced the dysmenorrhoeic pain as observed from our visual analogue scores. Our study has clearly revealed the beneficial effect acupressure on dysmenorrhea. It is a very simple procedure that can easily be taught to be self practiced by the dsymenorrhoeic females to relieve the pain during mensuration. It will be a simple drugless inexpensive method to relieve the pain without any side effects

Notes on Super Projective Modules

Projective modules are a link between geometry and algebra as established by the theorem of Serre-Swan. In this paper, we define the super analog of projective modules and explore this link in the case of some particular super geometric objects. We consider the tangent bundle over the supersphere and show that the module of vector field over a supersphere is a super projective module over the ring of supersmooth functions. Also, we discuss a class of super projective modules that can be constructed from a projection map on modules defined over the ring of supersmooth functions over superspheres.Comment: Revised version due to diagrams being not rendered properl