Optimization of Growth Medium for Efficient Cultivation of Lactobacillus salivarius i 24 using Response Surface Method

Production of Lactobacillus salivarius i 24, a probiotic strain for chicken, was studied in batch fermentation using 500 mL Erlenmeyer flask. Response surface method (RSM) was used to optimize the medium for efficient cultivation of the bacterium. The factors investigated were yeast extract, glucose and initial culture pH. A polynomial regression model with cubic and quartic terms was used for the analysis of the experimental data. Estimated optimal conditions of the factors for growth of L. salivarius i 24 were; 3.32 % (w/v) glucose, 4.31 % (w/v) yeast extract and initial culture pH of 6.10

A panel of cultivate specific marker based on polymorphisms at microsatellite markers for Iranian cultivated almonds (Prunus dulcis).

Abstract Molecular markers developed for Prunus also offer a powerful tool to study the evolution of the genome, and for understanding of genome structure and determinants of genetic diversity. Two hundred eighty almond genotypes/cultivars from different origins distributed throughout Iran besides some foreign cultivars and their hybrids with Iranian ones were collected. Microsatellite analysis was carried out using 9 pair flanking SSR sequences previously cloned and sequenced specifically in almond. The total number of detected alleles was 152 (9 to 20 alleles per locus with an average of 16.87). The mean PIC value of the polymorphic loci was relatively high (0.81) and the mean value for H e was 0.83, so that we were able to distinguish 98% of the genotypes using 5 loci. In cluster analysis, the genotypes were divided into 2 major groups, foreign cultivars and Iranian almond genotypes. Principal coordinate analysis based on Shared Allele method indicated proper distribution of the studied markers through the genome. Some specific markers were recorded among the germplasm which can be used efficiently in rapid and precise identification of the related genotypes and also in breeding programs through MAS. Genotypes were coded using our suggested coding method for genotype molecular identification

Molecular tagging of agronomic traits using simple sequence repeats: Informative markers for almond (Prunus dulcis) molecular breeding

Informative markers are the most applicable genetic information in breeding schemes. Association studies which soundly integrate molecular and morphological data are the best choice to find informative markers, particularly in crops that are limited to only one generation per year. Therefore, in the present research the associations between different morphological traits and highly polymorphic SSRs were studied to find possible informative markers for some morphological and/or agronomical traits in almond. In total, 39 morphological traits were recorded during two years among 53 almond genotypes/cultivars. Extracted almond genomic DNA was PCR-amplified using 9 pairs flanking SSRs sequences previously cloned and sequenced specifically for almond. For finding association between molecular markers and morphological traits and identification of possible informative markers, Pearson correlation and stepwise regression analysis were employed. The results revealed a significant correlation between the morphological traits and the studied microsatellite loci. A total of 141 positive markers out of 556 polymorphic bands were identified for different traits. For some of the morphological traits more than one informative marker was detected, which consequently finding their additive effects, degree of dominance and sum of the positive and negative effects need further analysis. These informative markers can be considered as postulated candidate markers for scanning the genome for related morphological (particularly agronomical) traits, mapping and finally marker assisted selection programs