201 research outputs found
Coastal Area Prone to Extreme Flood and Erosion Events Induced by Climate Changes: Study Case of Juqueriquere River Bar Navigation, Caraguatatuba (Sao Paulo State), Brazil
Coastal Area Prone to Extreme Flood and Erosion Events Induced by Climate Changes: Study Case of Juqueriquere River Bar Navigation, Caraguatatuba (Sao Paulo State), Brazil
Impacts of climate change on management policy of the harbors, land areas and wetlands in the Sao Paolo State Coastline (Brazil).
Santos harbor and São Sebastião Oil Maritime Terminal are the most important oil and gas facility in the São
Paulo State Coastline. Santosharbor had, in the last decade, increased rapidly the container handling rate, being
the first in Latin America. Santos Metropolitan Region is one of the most important of Brazilian Coastline, also
considering the tourism. For that great economic growth scenario it is very important to have wave climate and tidal
levels well known considering the sea hazards influence in ship operations.
Since the hind-cast just represents the deep water wave climate, to make time-series of the wave’s parameters
in coastal waters, for evaluation of sea hazards and ship operations, it is necessary to take into account the variations
of those parameters in shallow waters with coastal instrumental data. Analysis of long term wave data-base (1957-
2002) generated by a comparison between wave’s data modeled by a “deep water model” (ERA40-ECMWF) and
measured wave’s data in the years 1982-1984 by a coastal buoy in Santos littoral (São Paulo State, Brazil) was
made. Validation checking procedures with instrumental measurements of storm surges made in other years than
1982-1984 shows high level of confidence.
These data, obtained from the climatological analysis compared with a data set found from a scale model of the
whole area of Santos Bay, Estuary and nearby beaches (Brazil), showed the impact of maritime climate changes,
wave climate and tides upon harbor and coastal structures maintenance, beaches stability, tidal inlet saline intrusion
and wetlands flooding.
In the same time, the complex environmental system, that characterized the area included between Santos and
Caraguatatuba, generates different natural hazard event affecting the maritime activity. A comparative study about
the coastal flooding (Santos area) and the fluvial flooding (Juqueriquerê river) was conducted. An analysis about the
sea level rise, the wave climate and the flooding risk as well as the sediment transport was developed.
Considering the increasing of the sea hazards, the high values of the facilities and infrastructures in São Paulo
State Coastline, it is necessary to mitigate the risks from the point of view of the harbor and coastal structures
maintenance and projects purposes increasing defenses procedures. Hence, based on the results obtained by the
Authors in previous researches, are highlighted guidelines strategies suggested for Access Channels dimensions,
wharves free-board, jetties and breakwaters dimensions, dredging rates, rigid and flexible littoral defenses, saline
intrusion and land protection against flooding (including wetlands)
Detection of Diatomic Molecules in the Dust Forming Nova V2676 Oph
Novae are generally considered to be hot astronomical objects and show effective temperatures up to 10,000 K or higher at their visual maximum. But, it is theoretically predicted that the outer envelope of the nova outflow can become cool enough to form molecules that would be dissociated at high temperatures. We detected strong absorption bands of C2 and CN radicals in the optical spectrum of Nova V2676 Oph, a very slow nova with dust formation. This is the first report of the detection of C2 and the second one of CN in novae during outburst. Although such simple molecules are predicted to form in the envelope of the outflow based on previous studies, there are few reports of their detection. In the case of V2676 Oph, the presence of the molecular envelope is considered to be very transient, lasting several days only
A gauge invariant study of the monopole condensation in non Abelian lattice gauge theories
We investigate the Abelian monopole condensation in finite temperature SU(2)
and SU(3) pure lattice gauge theories. To this end we introduce a gauge
invariant disorder parameter built up in terms of the lattice Schr\"odinger
functional. Our numerical results show that the disorder parameter is different
from zero and Abelian monopole condense in the confined phase. On the other
hand our numerical data suggest that the disorder parameter tends to zero, in
the thermodynamic limit, when the gauge coupling constant approaches the
critical deconfinement value. In the case of SU(3) we also compare the
different kinds of Abelian monopoles which can be defined according to the
choice of the Abelian subgroups.Comment: 18 pages, 7 figures, LaTe
Zoosporic marine fungi from the Pacific Northwest (U.S.A.)
An investigation of the zoosporic fungi in the vicinity of the Friday Harbor Laboratory, San Juan Is., Washington, revealed the presence of great numbers of fungi. With one exception ( Olpidium sp. ) these were all biflagellate organisms. Predominating were species (11) of Thraustochytriaceae which abounded in water, in association with seaweeds, intertidal sands, and particularly on the surface of bottom samples down to depths of 298 m. A twelfth species of this group has several peculiarities and needs further investigation. Of the algal parasites, one on Polysiphonia and Pterosiphonia is considered new and termed Eurychasma joycei n. sp.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/46146/1/203_2004_Article_BF00410220.pd
Matter degrees of freedom and string breaking in Abelian projected quenched SU(2) QCD
In the Abelian projection the Yang--Mills theory contains Abelian gauge
fields (diagonal degrees of freedom) and the Abelian matter fields
(off-diagonal degrees) described by a complicated action. The matter fields are
essential for the breaking of the adjoint string. We obtain numerically the
effective action of the Abelian gauge and the Abelian matter fields in quenched
SU(2) QCD and show that the Abelian matter fields provide an essential
contribution to the total action even in the infrared region. We also observe
the breaking of an Abelian analog of the adjoint string using Abelian
operators. We show that the adjoint string tension is dominated by the Abelian
and the monopole contributions similarly to the case of the fundamental
particles. We conclude that the adjoint string breaking can successfully be
described in the Abelian projection formalism.Comment: 16 pages, 10 figures, 2 table
Pump-Probe Photoionization Study of the Passage and Bifurcation of a Quantum Wave Packet Across an Avoided Crossing
Efeitos da luz, temperatura e estresse de água na germinação de sementes de Caesalpinia peltophoroides Benth. (Caesalpinoideae)
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