Association between Caries, Obesity and Insulin Resistance in Mexican Adolescents

Aim: To determine the association among dental caries, obesity and insulin resistance in Mexican adolescents. Methods: Body Mass Index, obesity (OB) blood pressure, insulin level, insulin resistance (IR), triglycerides level, serum HDL-cholesterol (cHDL), DMFT index and salivary flow were measured. Results: Anthropometric measures showed a significant statistical difference (p \u3c 0.05). Insulin level was 8.98 for healthy subjects, whereas for OB-IR group was 25.35, there was a statistical significant difference (p \u3c 0.05). Triglycerides level was 88.50 for healthy subjects and 169.40 mg/dL for OB-IR; cHDL was 52.88 for healthy and 41.82 mg/dL for OB-IR group, both showed a statistically significant difference (p \u3c 0.05). Salivary flow was 4.30 for healthy and for OB-IR group was 5.48 ml/min showed a significant statistical difference (p \u3c 0.05). DMFT index was 3.02 for healthy and for OB-IR adolescents was 4.78, showed a significant statistical difference (p \u3c 0.05). The caries component of DMFT index was 1.84 for healthy and was 3.52 for OB-IR adolescents, showed a significant statistical difference (p \u3c 0.05). According to the multivariate analysis, DMFT (OR=3.10; IC95%=0.20-1.02, p=0.042) and decay (OR=3.30; IC95%=0.19-1.0, p=0.011) were associated with subjects with OB-IR. Conclusion: OB-IR Mexican adolescents showed a positive association with DMFT

Analysis of the contribution of <it>FTO</it>, <it>NPC1, ENPP1, NEGR1, GNPDA2</it> and <it>MC4R</it> genes to obesity in Mexican children

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Recent genome wide association studies (GWAS) and previous positional linkage studies have identified more than 50 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with obesity, mostly in Europeans. We aimed to assess the contribution of some of these SNPs to obesity risk and to the variation of related metabolic traits, in Mexican children.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The association of six European obesity-related SNPs in or near <it>FTO, NPC1, ENPP1, NEGR1, GNPDA2</it> and <it>MC4R</it> genes with risk of obesity was tested in 1,463 school-aged Mexican children (<it>N</it>_{<it>cases</it>} = 514; <it>N</it>_{<it>controls</it>} = 949). We also assessed effects of these SNPs on the variation of body mass index (BMI), fasting serum insulin levels, fasting plasma glucose levels, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels, in a subset of 1,171 nonobese Mexican children.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We found a significant effect of <it>GNPDA2</it> rs10938397 on risk of obesity (odds ratio [OR] = 1.30; <it>P</it> = 1.34 × 10^-3). Furthermore, we found nominal associations between obesity risk or BMI variation and the following SNPs: <it>ENPP1</it> rs7754561, <it>MC4R</it> rs17782313 and <it>NEGR1</it> rs2815752. Importantly, the at-risk alleles of both <it>MC4R</it> rs17782313 and <it>NPC1</it> rs1805081 showed significant effect on increased fasting glucose levels (β = 0.36 mmol/L; <it>P</it> = 1.47 × 10^-3) and decreased fasting serum insulin levels (β = −0.10 μU/mL; <it>P</it> = 1.21 × 10^-3), respectively.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our present results suggest that some obesity-associated SNPs previously reported in Europeans also associate with risk of obesity, or metabolic quantitative traits, in Mexican children. Importantly, we found new associations between <it>MC4R</it> and fasting glucose levels, and between <it>NPC1</it> and fasting insulin levels.</p