Theory of Andreev reflection in a two-orbital model of iron-pnictide superconductors

A recently developed theory for the problem of Andreev reflection between a normal metal (N) and a multiband superconductor (MBS) assumes that the incident wave from the normal metal is coherently transmitted through several bands inside the superconductor. Such splitting of the probability amplitude into several channels is the analogue of a quantum waveguide. Thus, the appropriate matching conditions for the wave function at the N/MBS interface are derived from an extension of quantum waveguide theory. Interference effects between the transmitted waves inside the superconductor manifest themselves in the conductance. We provide results for a FeAs superconductor, in the framework of a recently proposed effective two-band model and two recently proposed gap symmetries: in the sign-reversed s-wave ($\Delta\cos(k_x)\cos(k_y)$) scenario resonant transmission through surface Andreev bound states (ABS) at nonzero energy is found as well as destructive interference effects that produce zeros in the conductance; in the extended s-wave ($\Delta[\cos(k_x)+\cos(k_y)]$) scenario no ABS at finite energy are found.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure

First-order transitions and triple point on a random p-spin interaction model

The effects of competing quadrupolar- and spin-glass orderings are investigated on a spin-1 Ising model with infinite-range random $p$-spin interactions. The model is studied through the replica approach and a phase diagram is obtained in the limit $p\to\infty$. The phase diagram, obtained within replica-symmetry breaking, exhibits a very unusual feature in magnetic models: three first-order transition lines meeting at a commom triple point, where all phases of the model coexist.Comment: 9 pages, 2 ps figures include

Oscillatory behavior of light in the composite Goos-Hanchen shift

Sem informaçãoFor incidence in the critical region, the propagation of Gaussian lasers through dielectric blocks is characterized by the joint action of angular deviations and lateral displacements. This mixed effect, known as the composite Goos-Hanchen shift, produces a lateral displacement that is dependent on the axial coordinate, recently confirmed by a weak measurement experiment. We discuss under which conditions this axial lateral displacement, which only exists for the composite Goos-Hanchen shift, presents an oscillatory behavior. This oscillation phenomenon shows a peculiar behavior of light for critical incidence and, if experimentally tested, could stimulate further theoretical studies and lead to interesting optical applications.95519Sem informaçãoSem informaçãoSem informaçã

Decomposição e liberação de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio de resíduos da cultura do feijoeiro.

Este trabalho teve como objetivo mensurar a velocidade de decomposição e de liberação de nutrientes in situ de resíduos da cultura do feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Em condições de campo, foram coletadas as folhas senescentes durante o ciclo da cultura, bem como os caules e a palhada de vagens após trilhagem dos grãos, de cultivares de feijoeiro. Esses resíduos continham 2,3 Mg ha-l de massa, 31 kg ha-l de N e 2,4 kg ha-1 de P, que correspondiam a 63, 41 e 28 % do total de massa, N e P, respectivamente, acumulados durante 0 ciclo da cultura. Foram realizados dois ensaios, nos períodos de inverno-primavera e primavera-verão, quando os caules, as vagens e as folhas senescentes foram colocados separadamente em litterbags, dispostos sobre 0 solo, e coletados entre 2 e 120 dias. As quantidades de matéria seca e nutrientes remanescentes em cada tipo de resíduo foram ajustadas a um modelo exponencial simples. O tempo de meia-vida dos resíduos foi de, no primeiro e segundo ensaios, respectivamente, 133 e 179 dias para caules, 70 e 80 dias para folhas e 64 dias para vagens. A relativamente lenta decomposição dos resíduos pode ser associada a sua alta relação C:N - acima de 60 para caule e palhada de vagens. A liberação de N e P pelos resíduos foi similar á dinâmica de decomposição, enquanto a liberação de K foi mais rápida. Os resultados indicam que as folhas senescentes e os resíduos produzidos após trilhagem dos grãos podem restituir parte da demanda de nutrientes do feijoeiro, assumindo relevância para sistemas de agricultura sustentável. The objective of this study was to measure the speed of decomposition and nutrient release in situ from residues of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) crop. In field conditions, leaves of common bean cultivars senesced during the growth cycle and stems and podwal ls after pod threshing were collected. These residues contained 2.3 Mg ha-l of mass, 31 kg ha-l of Nand 2.4 kg ha-l of P that corresponded to 63, 41 and 28 % of total mass, Nand P, respectively accumulated during the crop growth cycle. Two experiments were conducted, during winter-spring and spring-summer. Stems, podwalls and sene seed leaves were placed separately in litterbags on the ground and collected, from the 2nd to the 120th day. The dry matter and nutrient amounts found in each residue type were adjusted to a simple exponential model. The half-life of the residues was, in the first and second trial respectively, 133 and 179 days for stems, 70 and 80 days for leaves, and 64 days for podwalls. The relatively slow residue decomposition may be associated with the high C:N ratio (C:N> ao in stems and podwalls). Nitrogen and P release by residues was similar to the decomposition pattern, while K release was faster. The results indicate that senescent leaves and residues produced after pod threshing can cover part of the nutrient demand of common bean crop, which is relevant for sustainable agricultural systems.Parceria: IDAF; UFRRJ

Two Kerr black holes with axisymmetric spins: An improved Newtonian model for the head-on collision and gravitational radiation

We present a semi-analytical approach to the interaction of two (originally) Kerr black holes through a head-on collision process. An expression for the rate of emission of gravitational radiation is derived from an exact solution to the Einstein's field equations. The total amount of gravitational radiation emitted in the process is calculated and compared to current numerical investigations. We find that the spin-spin interaction increases the emission of gravitational wave energy up to 0.2% of the total rest mass. We discuss also the possibility of spin-exchange between the holes.Comment: 8 pages, RevTeX, 2 figures, psbox macro include