1,199 research outputs found
On the Nature of X-ray Surface Brightness Fluctuations in M87
X-ray images of galaxy clusters and gas-rich elliptical galaxies show a
wealth of small-scale features which reflect fluctuations in density and/or
temperature of the intra-cluster medium. In this paper we study these
fluctuations in M87/Virgo, to establish whether sound waves/shocks, bubbles or
uplifted cold gas dominate the structure. We exploit the strong dependence of
the emissivity on density and temperature in different energy bands to
distinguish between these processes. Using simulations we demonstrate that our
analysis recovers the leading type of fluctuation even in the presence of
projection effects and temperature gradients. We confirm the isobaric nature of
cool filaments of gas entrained by buoyantly rising bubbles, extending to 7' to
the east and south-west, and the adiabatic nature of the weak shocks at 40" and
3' from the center. For features of 5--10 kpc, we show that the central 4'x 4'
region is dominated by cool structures in pressure equilibrium with the ambient
hotter gas while up to 30 percent of the variance in this region can be
ascribed to adiabatic fluctuations. The remaining part of the central 14'x14'
region, excluding the arms and shocks described above, is dominated by
apparently isothermal fluctuations (bubbles) with a possible admixture (at the
level of about 30 percent) of adiabatic (sound waves) and by isobaric
structures. Larger features, of about 30 kpc, show a stronger contribution from
isobaric fluctuations. The results broadly agree with an AGN feedback model
mediated by bubbles of relativistic plasma.Comment: 16 pages, submitted to Ap
A refined analysis of the low-mass eclipsing binary system T-Cyg1-12664
The observational mass-radius relation of main sequence stars with masses
between ~0.3 and 1.0 Msun reveals deviations between the stellar radii
predicted by models and the observed radii of stars in detached binaries. We
generate an accurate physical model of the low-mass eclipsing binary
T-Cyg1-12664 in the Kepler mission field to measure the physical parameters of
its components and to compare them with the prediction of theoretical stellar
evolution models. We analyze the Kepler mission light curve of T-Cyg1-12664 to
accurately measure the times and phases of the primary and secondary eclipse.
In addition, we measure the rotational period of the primary component by
analyzing the out-of-eclipse oscillations that are due to spots. We accurately
constrain the effective temperature of the system using ground-based absolute
photometry in B, V, Rc, and Ic. We also obtain and analyze V, Rc, Ic
differential light curves to measure the eccentricity and the orbital
inclination of the system, and a precise Teff ratio. From the joint analysis of
new radial velocities and those in the literature we measure the individual
masses of the stars. Finally, we use the PHOEBE code to generate a physical
model of the system. T-Cyg1-12664 is a low eccentricity system, located
d=360+/-22 pc away from us, with an orbital period of P=4.1287955(4) days, and
an orbital inclination i=86.969+/-0.056 degrees. It is composed of two very
different stars with an active G6 primary with Teff1=5560+/-160 K,
M1=0.680+/-0.045 Msun, R1=0.799+/-0.017 Rsun, and a M3V secondary star with
Teff2=3460+/-210 K, M2=0.376+/-0.017 Msun, and R2=0.3475+/-0.0081 Rsun. The
primary star is an oversized and spotted active star, hotter than the stars in
its mass range. The secondary is a cool star near the mass boundary for fully
convective stars (M~0.35 Msun), whose parameters appear to be in agreement with
low-mass stellar model.Comment: 18 pages, 15 figures, 15 table
Entrevistar : una experiencia de enseñanza de la entrevista en profundidad
La siguiente presentación da cuenta de una propuesta diseñada y llevada a cabo durante dos cuatrimestres en la carrera de Ciencias de la Educación en el marco de un espacio curricular denominado “Seminario de Recolección y Análisis de datos". Está destinado a estudiantes del último ciclo de la carrera, especialmente a quienes están interesados en formarse como investigadores. Reconstruimos la experiencia desarrollando en cada etapa del proceso: la estrategia metodológica de la enseñanza, explicitamos las lecturas y actividades propuestas, y el sentido formativo de cada una de ellas al tiempo que introducimos posibles variaciones, discusiones y algunas apreciaciones que fuimos generando en el proceso.
Asumimos una perspectiva socio antropológica basada en el enfoque teórico de Pierre Bourdieu y otros aportes específicamente metodológicos (Valles,1999; Blanchet,1989; Guber, 1991; Achili, 2005; García Salord, 2000) que ayudan a dar precisión al trabajo. Todo el proceso propone un doble desafío: por un lado, aprender a entrevistar y, por el otro, generar una práctica reflexiva de auto análisis que permita a cada estudiante conocerse un poco mejor en esta tarea. Promovemos un trabajo denso en términos teóricos y una experiencia subjetiva intensa; el diálogo entre ambas constituye de algún modo algo de ese “aprender a investigar investigando", factible en los marcos curriculares y normativos previstos. Para la reconstrucción del proceso hemos recurrido a los registros de clases, el programa del seminario, los documentos de trabajo enviados y recibidos por el aula virtual y los trabajos de los estudiantes.Fil: Pacheco, Marcela C. . Universidad Nacional de Córdoba.Fil: Arévalo, Jessica I. . Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
PG 1211+143: probing high frequency lags in a high mass AGN
We present the timing analysis of the four archived XMM-Newton observations
of PG 1211+143. The source is well-known for its spectral complexity,
comprising a strong soft-excess and different absorption systems. Soft energy
band (0.3-0.7 keV) lags are detected over all the four observations, in the
frequency range \nu \lsim 6 \times 10^{-4} Hz, where hard lags, similar to
those observed in black hole X-ray binaries, are usually detected in smaller
mass AGN. The lag magnitude is energy-dependent, showing two distinct trends
apparently connectable to the two flux levels at which the source is observed.
The results are discussed in the context of disk- and/or corona-reprocessing
scenarios, and of disk wind models. Similarities with the high-frequency
negative lag of 1H 0707-495 are highlighted, and, if confirmed, they would
support the hypothesis that the lag in PG 1211+143 represents the signature of
the same underlying mechanism, whose temporal characteristics scale with the
mass of the central object.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS Letter
Optimization of multiple PON deployment costs and comparison between GPON, XGPON, NGPON2 and UDWDM PON
In this paper we propose an optimization framework for multiple deployment of PON in a wide region with very large number of users, with different bit rate demands, serviced by many central offices, as it may practically happen in a large city that plans a massive introduction of Fiber to the Home technologies using PON. We propose an algorithm called Optimal Topology Search (OTS), which is based on a set of heuristic approaches, capable of performing an optimal dimensioning of multiple PON deployments for a set of central offices (CO), including an optimal distribution of users among the CO. The set of heuristics integrated in OTS permit the efficient clustering of users for each CO, depending on their location and the bit rate demanded by them. It also permits the definition of optimal routes for optical cables and the allocation of branching devices. Taking into account hardware capacity restrictions and physical layer restrictions, we obtained solutions for different types of standardized PON technologies, like GPON, XGPON and NGPON2 as well as for future UDWDM-PON. We evaluate the optimal network deployment in a series of different minimum guaranteed bit rate demand scenarios, employing realistic maps of a large city in order to compare costs and portrait some reference points for deciding in which scenario a specific technology constitutes the best choice
Factorizing the time evolution operator
There is a widespread belief in the quantum physical community, and in
textbooks used to teach Quantum Mechanics, that it is a difficult task to apply
the time evolution operator Exp{-itH/h} on an initial wave function. That is to
say, because the hamiltonian operator generally is the sum of two operators,
then it is a difficult task to apply the time evolution operator on an initial
wave function f(x,0), for it implies to apply terms operators like (a+b)^n. A
possible solution of this problem is to factorize the time evolution operator
and then apply successively the individual exponential operator on the initial
wave function. However, the exponential operator does not directly factorize,
i. e. Exp{a+b} is not equal to Exp{a}Exp{b}. In this work we present a useful
procedure for factorizing the time evolution operator when the argument of the
exponential is a sum of two operators, which obey specific commutation
relations. Then, we apply the exponential operator as an evolution operator for
the case of elementary unidimensional potentials, like the particle subject to
a constant force and the harmonic oscillator. Also, we argue about an apparent
paradox concerning the time evolution operator and non-spreading wave packets
addressed previously in the literature.Comment: 24 pages; added references; one figure change
Dynamics of zonal flow-like structures in the edge of the TJ-II stellarator
The dynamics of fluctuating electric field structures in the edge of the
TJ-II stellarator, that display zonal flow-like traits, is studied. These
structures have been shown to be global and affect particle transport
dynamically [J.A. Alonso et al., Nucl. Fus. 52 063010 (2012)]. In this article
we discuss possible drive (Reynolds stress) and damping (Neoclassical
viscosity, geodesic transfer) mechanisms for the associated ExB velocity. We
show that: (a) while the observed turbulence-driven forces can provide the
necessary perpendicular acceleration, a causal relation could not be firmly
established, possibly because of the locality of the Reynolds stress
measurements, (b) the calculated neoclassical viscosity and damping times are
comparable to the observed zonal flow relaxation times, and (c) although an
accompanying density modulation is observed to be associated to the zonal flow,
it is not consistent with the excitation of pressure side-bands, like those
present in geodesic acoustic oscillations, caused by the compression of the ExB
flow field
- …