Repercussão das doenças crônicas não-transmissíveis na concessão de benefícios pela previdência social Impacts of non-transmissible chronic diseases on social security benefits

Este artigo busca identificar a repercussão das Doenças Crônicas Não-Transmissíveis (DCNT) na concessão de auxílio-doença e aposentadoria por invalidez, a partir das agências do Instituto Nacional de Seguro Social (INSS), no período 2000-2002. Foi analisado o universo dos 17.970 benefícios concedidos, nas duas modalidades, do conjunto das agências localizadas em Recife. Inicialmente, foram identificados os benefícios por todos os grandes grupos de doenças, de acordo com a CID-10. As doenças osteomusculares (DO) e as doenças do aparelho circulatório (DAC) são as principais causas para concessão de auxílio-doença. Para aposentadoria por invalidez, as DAC, os transtornos mentais (TMC), e as DO são as três primeiras causas. As principais causas específicas de benefícios dentro dos grandes grupos das DCNT, foram identificadas, para a concessão de auxílio-doença, a hipertensão arterial, a diabetes mellitus, as artroses, o câncer da mama e do intestino, os transtornos do humor e a esquizofrenia. Em relação às aposentadorias por invalidez, as doenças cerebrovasculares, a diabetes mellitus, as artroses, o câncer do aparelho digestivo e a esquizofrenia. Dos benefícios concedidos, a maioria foi para homens (66%), entre 39 e 58 anos, e com valor mensal inicial de até três salários mínimos.<br>This paper strives to identify the current impact of Non-Transmissible Chronic Diseases (NTCDs) on sickness and disability benefits paid out by Brazil's National Social Security Institute (INSS) between 2000 and 2002. A total of 17,970 new cases were studied, registered at the two local agencies in Recife, Pernambuco State, Northeast Brazil. Initially the cases were divided up according by major diseases groups, following the CID-10 classification. Osteomuscular diseases (OMDs) and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) were among the main reasons for granting sickness benefits. Among the disability benefits, CVDs, mental disorders (MDs), and OMDs, were the main reasons. In terms of specific diseases within the major DCNT groups, the main reasons for granting sickness benefits were high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, arthrosis, breast and intestinal cancer, mood disorders and schizophrenia. For disability benefits, the main causes were cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, cancer of the gastro-intestinal tract and schizophrenia. Most (66%) of the recipients were men between 39 and 58 years of age, and the initial value of the benefit was of up to three minimum wages per month

Mechanical Properties of Cellulose Fibre Reinforced Vinyl-Ester Composites in Wet Conditions

The effect of prolonged water absorption on the physical and mechanical properties has been investigated for vinyl-ester composites reinforced with natural fibres. The elastic modulus of these composites was measured and the data were validated with various mathematical models. The modelling results revealed that the experimental data matched the data predicted by the Cox–Krenchel model. Prolonged exposure of these composites to water absorption caused a reduction in elastic modulus and strength