23 research outputs found

    Marine Biodiversity of Aotearoa New Zealand

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    The marine-biodiversity assessment of New Zealand (Aotearoa as known to Māori) is confined to the 200 nautical-mile boundary of the Exclusive Economic Zone, which, at 4.2 million km2, is one of the largest in the world. It spans 30° of latitude and includes a high diversity of seafloor relief, including a trench 10 km deep. Much of this region remains unexplored biologically, especially the 50% of the EEZ deeper than 2,000 m. Knowledge of the marine biota is based on more than 200 years of marine exploration in the region. The major oceanographic data repository is the National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), which is involved in several Census of Marine Life field projects and is the location of the Southwestern Pacific Regional OBIS Node; NIWA is also data manager and custodian for fisheries research data owned by the Ministry of Fisheries. Related data sources cover alien species, environmental measures, and historical information. Museum collections in New Zealand hold more than 800,000 registered lots representing several million specimens. During the past decade, 220 taxonomic specialists (85 marine) from 18 countries have been engaged in a project to review New Zealand's entire biodiversity. The above-mentioned marine information sources, published literature, and reports were scrutinized to give the results summarized here for the first time (current to 2010), including data on endemism and invasive species. There are 17,135 living species in the EEZ. This diversity includes 4,315 known undescribed species in collections. Species diversity for the most intensively studied phylum-level taxa (Porifera, Cnidaria, Mollusca, Brachiopoda, Bryozoa, Kinorhyncha, Echinodermata, Chordata) is more or less equivalent to that in the ERMS (European Register of Marine Species) region, which is 5.5 times larger in area than the New Zealand EEZ. The implication is that, when all other New Zealand phyla are equally well studied, total marine diversity in the EEZ may be expected to equal that in the ERMS region. This equivalence invites testable hypotheses to explain it. There are 177 naturalized alien species in New Zealand coastal waters, mostly in ports and harbours. Marine-taxonomic expertise in New Zealand covers a broad number of taxa but is, proportionately, at or near its lowest level since the Second World War. Nevertheless, collections are well supported by funding and are continually added to. Threats and protection measures concerning New Zealand's marine biodiversity are commented on, along with potential and priorities for future research

    Transition en diabétologie

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    For patients with type I diabetes, transition from pediatric to adult care is a challenge due to complex treatment requirements and the physical, psychological and social changes of adolescence. Members of the care team must recognize that while these emerging adults need to develop self-management skills, this may conflict at times with the developmentally appropriate desire for increasing autonomy. The role of nursing in coordinating a successful transition is critical for maintaining continuity of patient-centered care that responds to the specific needs of these young adults

    “Breaking down the Ivory Tower”: Economic Culture in the Italian Academies under Fascism

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    This chapter examines the role of the economists in Italian academies during the period when Mussolini's totalitarian regime attempted to transform them into propaganda bodies for the ideology and politics of fascism. The participation of economists in the academies of science, literature and the arts in the main Italian cities was an established fact since the 19th century. By welcoming eminent scientists from all disciplines, the academies created an elite within the elite of scholars and, in the case of Italy, they represented an instrument to strengthen the professional identity of the economists. Fascism intervened in this reality along two parallel lines: on the one hand, it tried to overcome the particularism typical of the Italian reality, creating in 1929 a national cultural institute, the Reale Accademia d’Italia, and, on the other hand, it worked to mobilise the most eminent intellectuals in support of the new regime’s aims by somehow prising them from their relatively sheltered sanctums—“ivory towers” detached from the construction of a new national culture. Decisive steps were taken in 1934 when members of academies were required to swear an oath of allegiance, and in 1938, when the purge following the racial laws struck many Jew academy members, among whom 27 affiliates of the prestigious Academy of Lincei

    In Search of the Metropolitan Dimension

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    The new settlement phenomena in our territory, linked to current globalisation processes and the increasing complexity of contemporary society, have caused a crisis of the historical boundaries and are creating new planning layouts. In this context, the metropolitan dimension is once again viable, and Italy, with Sicily sometimes experiencing these processes in advance, is reorganising the institutions covering large areas, directing processes and trying out new convergences, under the driving force of new public finance reorganisation policie

    “Breaking Down the Ivory Tower”: Economic Culture in the Italian Academies Under Fascism

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    This contribution aims to outline the role of economists in high cultural institutions who operated in autonomous spaces during the time that the dictatorship was working to construct the totalitarian state and its mechanisms of compliance. The objective is to understand whether, in the protective shadows of the academic ivory towers and in the closed world of exclusive intellectual forums, economists maintained an attitude of Nicodemite ambiguity, identifying issues of consensus and propaganda or whether, on the other hand, they were critical of the fascist regime, even if only implicitly. The role of economists in the high culture institutions of the fascist era has largely been overlooked by even the most assiduous historians, and this work will therefore help fill the lacuna. The analysis focuses mainly on the foremost economists, those who were members of the Academy of the Lincei, but also consider those with roles in local academies
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