Live weight uniformity on the day-old chick of Indonesian local chickens

The uniformity of live weight in the early stage (DOC) is an indicator applied to evaluate the quality of brooding, raising, and growth management. This study aims to compare the live weight uniformity of DOC in three local breeds as a parental group, namely Merawang A and B (n:196), Murung Panggang (n:157), and KUB (n:416), as well as in five groups of Bulaksumur (BS) for crossbred group, namely BS-1 (n:136), BS-2 (n:76), BS-3 (n:106), BS-5 (n:81), BS-6 (n:164). The live weight data of DOC was obtained in Gunungkidul Regency under similar management. The results show that the BS groups had higher live weight (31.9 g ± 3.1) compared to Merawang A (24 g ± 3.1), Murung Panggang (28.2 g ± 2.3), and KUB (28.1 g ± 2.8). Furthermore, the live weight uniformity on the BS DOC averaged 71% across all groups, with the highest uniformity being BS-3 (87%). Murung Panggang had a higher live weight uniformity (82%) compared to Merawang A and B (42%, 64%) and KUB (63%). The average coefficient variance was less than 10%, except for Merawang A and BS-2 with 13.09% and 11.35%, respectively. In conclusion, the DOC of the crossbred (BS) was more uniform than its parental groups. However, to distinguish the significantly different in the chicken live weight in early stage, further analysis needs to be conducted in the future

Revealing the correlation between hatching weight and egg characteristics in Tukong chickens

The Tukong chicken, renowned for its unique rumpless trait, is indigenous to West Kalimantan, Indonesia. This study endeavors to explore the intricate associations among hatching weight, egg weight, and egg index within the Tukong chicken breed. A total of 104 Tukong chicken eggs served as the primary research material, sourced from 10 female hens paired with 5 male counterparts. To ensure consistent data, the chickens were reared under uniform conditions and management practices. The parameters examined encompassed hatching weight, egg weight, egg length, egg width, and egg index. Comprehensive data analysis, including descriptive and correlation analyses employing SPSS version 25 software, unveiled specific metrics for the Tukong chickens in these dimensions: hatching weight (31.09±2.47 g), egg weight (42.65±4.59 g), egg length (49.84±2.33 mm), egg width (38.84±1.96 mm), and egg index (78.04±4.55%). Noteworthy findings include a robust and statistically significant positive correlation (p<0.01) between hatching weight and egg weight (r=0.758), egg length (r=0.495), and egg width (r=0.522). However, no significant correlation emerged between egg index and either egg weight or hatching weight. In conclusion, this research contributes valuable insights into the complex relationships governing hatching weight and various egg attributes in Tukong chickens. These findings promise to enhance egg quality and optimize hatching outcomes within Tukong chicken breeding programs

Detection of polymorphism in growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) gene in Indonesian goats

A member of growth factor and a member of the transforming growth factor β superfamily, growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) has a critical role in prolificacy of sheep and goat. The aim of this study was to analyze the exon 1 of GDF9 gene in Indonesian goats. For this purpose, 78 blood samples representing ten Indonesian goat breeds: Gembrong (GB), Senduro (SD), Peranakan Etawah (PE), Boerawa (BR), Boerka (BK), Kosta (KT), Muara (MR), Boer (BO), Samosir (SM) and Kacang (KC) were collected. An exonic region of GDF9 gene, 462 bp was amplified using specific primers. Two SNPs were identified based on reference and direct sequencing, SNP 306G>A and SNP 239C>A, respectively. SNP 306G>A was used to genotype all animals using RFLP method with HhaI restriction enzyme. The results revealed an absence of polymorphism of GDF9 gene at SNP 306G>A in all animals investigated. Hence, a further attempt should be addressed to investigate this SNP 239C>A of GDF9 gene which may influence the prolificacy of goats

Study of growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) gene polymorphism in Indonesian goats

A member of growth factor and a member of the transforming growth factor β superfamily, growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) has a critical role in prolificacy of sheep and goat. The aim of this study was to analyze the exon 1 of GDF9 gene in Indonesian goats. For this purpose, 78 blood samples representing ten Indonesian goat breeds: Gembrong (GB), Senduro (SD), Peranakan Etawah (PE), Boerawa (BR), Boerka (BK), Kosta (KT), Muara (MR), Boer (BO), Samosir (SM) and Kacang (KC) were collected. An exonic region of GDF9 gene, 462 bp was amplified using specific primers. Two SNPs were identified based on reference and direct sequencing, SNP 306G>A and SNP 239C>A, respectively. SNP 306G>A was used to genotype all animals using RFLP method with HhaI restriction enzyme. The results revealed an absence of polymorphism of GDF9 gene at SNP 306G>A in all animals investigated. Hence, a further attempt should be addressed to investigate this SNP 239C>A of GDF9 gene which may influence the prolificacy of goats

Detection of Polymorphism In Growth Differentiation Factor 9 (GDF9) Gene In Indonesian Goats

A member of growth factor and a member of the transforming growth factor β superfamily, growth  differentiation factor 9 (GDF9)  has a  critical role in prolificacy of sheep and goat. The aim of this study was to analyze the exon 1 of GDF9 gene in Indonesian goats. For this purpose, 78 blood samples representing ten Indonesian goat breeds: Gembrong (GB), Senduro (SD), Peranakan Etawah (PE), Boerawa (BR), Boerka (BK), Kosta (KT), Muara (MR), Boer (BO), Samosir (SM) and Kacang (KC) were collected. An exonic region of GDF9 gene,   462 bp was amplified using specific primers. Two SNPs were identified based on reference and direct sequencing, SNP 306G&gt;A and SNP 239C&gt;A, respectively. SNP 306G&gt;A was used to genotype all animals using RFLP method with HhaI restriction enzyme. The results revealed an absence of polymorphism of GDF9 gene at SNP 306G&gt;A in all animals investigated. Hence, a further attempt should be addressed to investigate this SNP 239C&gt;A of GDF9 gene which may influence the prolificacy of goats

Characteristics of production, reproduction, and sperm quality in Tukong, a rumpless chicken breed from Indonesia

Information on the production and reproductive performances of local chickens is crucial for the development of genetic improvement as well as for fostering poultry industry resilience. With limited data available, this study aimed to analyse the production and reproduction of Tukong chickens, a variety of chicken known for its rumpless, originating from West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Two hundred five Tukong chickens, comprising 153 hens and 52 roosters, were raised under intensive management for the study. The collected data included egg production, reproduction traits, and rooster sperm quality. The average body weight of the hens was 1140.55 ± 260.78 g, while the roosters weighed 1434.16 ± 387.43 g. Other production traits, such as first egg weight, number of eggs per clutch, number of clutches per year, average egg weight, and hatching weight, were lower compared to other local chicken breeds in Indonesia. The female chicken had its first egg laid at 241.64 ± 24.65 d, with a fertility rate of 75.34 ± 1.43% and a hatchability rate of 83.05 ± 1.28%. All parameters related to sperm quality in Tukong chickens fell within normal ranges. The findings of this study suggest opportunities for furthering breeding improvements for the Tukong chicken

Biodiversity of Indonesian indigenous buffalo: First review of the status, challenges, and development opportunitiesxc

In Indonesia, the buffalo is important for small and marginal farmers’ livelihood and economic development as a source of food, working animal, and tourist attraction. Therefore, an in-depth study is needed to examine challenges and opportunities for buffalo development in Indonesia. In Indonesia, the buffalo is divided into two types: swamp buffalo and river buffalo. The buffalo population in Indonesia has declined significantly. A decrease of approximately 39.35% was recorded from 2022 to 2017. The decline occurred due to low reproduction rate and suboptimal rearing management systems. There are three buffalo-rearing systems: Intensive, semi-intensive, and extensive. The productivity of buffalo is diverse and closely related to the characteristics of the regional agroecosystem, consistent with existing natural resources and rearing management systems. The diversity of buffalo productivity provides a good opportunity to improve productivity. Improvement of buffalo genetics is urgently needed, by improving mating management, etc., especially to reduce potential inbreeding. In recent years, genetic and molecular research on Indonesian buffalo has made progress, including use of molecular markers, such as microsatellites and single-nucleotide polymorphisms, to evaluate genetic diversity within and among buffalo populations across Indonesia. In addition, studies are being conducted on the relationship of genotype mutations that contribute to appearance and phenotypic performance (heat stress, reproduction, behavior, coat color, and production attributes) in buffaloes. Identification of genetic diversity in local buffaloes can be improved using various genetic and genomic techniques. These findings will form a basis for the targeted conservation of local buffaloes in Indonesia. This study aimed to collect information on the genetic resources of the local buffalo, particularly its status and production system and provide recommendations for developing buffalo production in Indonesia