251 research outputs found
Breaking the Cycle of Homelessness
With funding from Department of Health and Human Services secured by United Power for Action and Justice, CURL partnered with United Power for  Chicago Health Outreach, Deborah's Place and Lakefront SRO to evaluate their systems integration demonstration project. The overall goal of the demonstration project was to break the cycle of homelessness by providing services in a coordinated fashion.
Regional desk review of haemoglobinopathies with an emphasis on thalassaemia and accessibility and availability of safe blood and blood products as per these patients\u27 requirement in South-East Asia under universal health coverage
Disorders of haemoglobin are one of the most common monogenic disorders prevalent across the world. While sickle cell disorders are more prevalent worldwide, the thalassaemic syndromes including α and ÎČ-thalassaemia and haemoglobin-E disease are associated with high prevalence rates in the countries of the WHO SEA Region. This desk review was performed using data from thalassaemia societies, the nodal authorities dealing with blood product support, data published in the literature and data from WHO. Member states may find it useful to leverage the information contained herein to develop national action plans to address this problem in all possible ways including access to sufficient and secure blood and blood products, and safe transfusion services, as a vital part of achieving universal health coverage
"Kelly is a Warm Person, Joseph is a Role Model": Gender Biases in LLM-Generated Reference Letters
Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently emerged as an effective tool to
assist individuals in writing various types of content, including professional
documents such as recommendation letters. Though bringing convenience, this
application also introduces unprecedented fairness concerns. Model-generated
reference letters might be directly used by users in professional scenarios. If
underlying biases exist in these model-constructed letters, using them without
scrutinization could lead to direct societal harms, such as sabotaging
application success rates for female applicants. In light of this pressing
issue, it is imminent and necessary to comprehensively study fairness issues
and associated harms in this real-world use case. In this paper, we critically
examine gender biases in LLM-generated reference letters. Drawing inspiration
from social science findings, we design evaluation methods to manifest biases
through 2 dimensions: (1) biases in language style and (2) biases in lexical
content. We further investigate the extent of bias propagation by analyzing the
hallucination bias of models, a term that we define to be bias exacerbation in
model-hallucinated contents. Through benchmarking evaluation on 2 popular LLMs-
ChatGPT and Alpaca, we reveal significant gender biases in LLM-generated
recommendation letters. Our findings not only warn against using LLMs for this
application without scrutinization, but also illuminate the importance of
thoroughly studying hidden biases and harms in LLM-generated professional
documents.Comment: Accepted to EMNLP 2023 Finding
Towards Portable Online Prediction of Network Utilization using MPI-level Monitoring
International audienceStealing network bandwidth helps a variety of HPC runtimes and services to run additional operations in the background without negatively affecting the applications. A key ingredient to make this possible is an accurate prediction of the future network utilization, enabling the runtime to plan the background operations in advance, such as to avoid competing with the application for network bandwidth. In this paper, we propose a portable deep learning predictor that only uses the information available through MPI introspection to construct a recurrent sequence-to-sequence neural network capable of forecasting network utilization. We leverage the fact that most HPC applications exhibit periodic behaviors to enable predictions far into the future (at least the length of a period). Our on-line approach does not have an initial training phase, it continuously improves itself during application execution without incurring significant computational overhead. Experimental results show better accuracy and lower computational overhead compared with the state-of-the-art on two representative applications
Enhancement of bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass of banana by single batch fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and native microorganism
Bioethanol production using the lignocellulosic biomass of banana viz., banana raw peel, ripe peel and pseudostem were attempted. Among the three feed stocks, maximum total reducing sugar content of 21.98% was observed in the banana ripe peel. Pretreatments of the feed stocks with acid resulted in higher lignin removal and increased total reducing sugar content compared to the alkali treatment. Separate Hydrolysis and Fermentation (SHF), Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF) and Single Batch Bioconversion (SBB) were carried out for the fermentation process using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. By SSF fermentation processs, 6.63% of ethanol was produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae from the untreated samples of banana raw peel. Enhancement of bioethanol production was done using a native cellulolytic microorganism isolated from the degraded banana samples. Using the native microorganism along with Saccharomyces cerevisiae in SBB resulted in 6.88% of bioethanol conversion. This is the first report of using native microorganism for enhanced degradation of cellulose in banana biomass for higher bioethanol production
Systematic identification of genetic influences on methylation across the human life course
BACKGROUND: The influence of genetic variation on complex diseases is potentially mediated through a range of highly dynamic epigenetic processes exhibiting temporal variation during development and later life. Here we present a catalogue of the genetic influences on DNA methylation (methylation quantitative trait loci (mQTL)) at five different life stages in human blood: children at birth, childhood, adolescence and their mothers during pregnancy and middle age. RESULTS: We show that genetic effects on methylation are highly stable across the life course and that developmental change in the genetic contribution to variation in methylation occurs primarily through increases in environmental or stochastic effects. Though we map a large proportion of the cis-acting genetic variation, a much larger component of genetic effects influencing methylation are acting in trans. However, only 7Â % of discovered mQTL are trans-effects, suggesting that the trans component is highly polygenic. Finally, we estimate the contribution of mQTL to variation in complex traits and infer that methylation may have a causal role consistent with an infinitesimal model in which many methylation sites each have a small influence, amounting to a large overall contribution. CONCLUSIONS: DNA methylation contains a significant heritable component that remains consistent across the lifespan. Our results suggest that the genetic component of methylation may have a causal role in complex traits. The database of mQTL presented here provide a rich resource for those interested in investigating the role of methylation in disease. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13059-016-0926-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users
Cu based Metal Organic Framework (Cu-MOF) for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction
Hydrogen production using novel catalysts is regarded as one of the most needed technology for the future economic needs and water splitting to give H2 gas, which is a challenging task for large-scale production. This work reports the synthesis of Meso-Cu-BTC metal organic framework and further used for understanding its role in electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in 1 M NaOH solution. Meso-Cu-BTC electrocatalyst showed a less overpotential of 89.32 mV and an onset potential of 25 mV with an appreciable current density. Results show a low Tafel slope of 33.41 mVdecâ1 and long-term durability. Thus, the overall results show that Meso-Cu-BTC acted as a good candidate for electrocatalysis towards hydrogen evolution
Epifania, recriação e ressentimento: fragmentos narrativos sobre a experiĂȘncia da viagem na imigração italiana no Brasil
L'expérience du voyage dans le processus de l'immigration marque le premier contact avec l'inconnu. L'aventure de la traversée de l'océan signifie par conséquent l'abandon du seul monde tangible. Le nouveau monde va se dévoiler à l'émigrant au fur et à mesure que le navire avance en mer, en un mélange de représentations produites avant le départ et de
nouvelles âidĂ©es-imagesâ que l'expĂ©rience elle-mĂȘme du voyage contribue Ă Ă©laborer en continu. Au cours de ce processus, la lecture de "Sull'Oceano" dâEdmondo De Amicis permet une immersion dans ce monde fragmentaire d'images et des rĂ©cits que l'Ă©migrant va produire. Il tente par ce biais de comprendre sa propre expĂ©rience et son existence, en un monde entrecroisĂ© de diffĂ©rentes expressions de la sensibilitĂ©. LĂȘ nouveau monde se rĂ©vĂšle, souvenir tout Ă la fois dâune terre que lâon a abandonnĂ©e et recrĂ©ation d'une reprĂ©sentation pacificatrice
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