Flora Das Cangas Da Serra Dos Carajás, Pará, Brasil: Commelinaceae

This study provides detailed descriptions, illustrations, and morphological comments of the nine species of Commelinaceae registered for the cangas of Serra dos Carajás, Pará state: Commelina benghalensis, C. erecta, C. obliqua, C. rufipes, Dichorisandra hexandra, D. villosula, Floscopa peruviana, Murdannia nudiflora, and Tripogandra diuretica. © 2016 JBRJ.6751291130

Four New Species Of Dichorisandra J.c. Mikan (commelinaceae) From Southeast Brazil

Based on studies of plants in the field, herbarium, and in cultivation, four new species of Dichorisandra J.C. Mikan are here described. Two of them were collected in Carangola, State of Minas Gerais: Dichorisandra leonii Aona & M.C.E. Amaral, which is similar to D. thyrsiflora J.C. Mikan due to the habit and the position of the anthers in the flower, but differs by the pubescent indument on leaves and stems, and Dichorisandra rupicola Aona & M.C.E. Amaral, growing on rocky outcrops and characterized by its purplish to pinkish anthers, dehiscing by only one pore. The other two species were collected in Espírito Santo State: Dichorisandra velutina Aona & M.C.E. Amaral can be characterized by its velutinous indument on stem, leaf sheath, both faces of the leaf lamina and sepals and by its broad-ellipsoid anthers with truncate apex. Dichorisandra nutabilis Aona & M.C.E. Amaral is similar to D. penduliflora Kunth due to the pendulous inflorescence, but differs by the presence of six stamens with anthers dehiscing by only one pore, while the flowers of D. penduliflora have five stamens with rimose anthers. Illustrations of the species, comparisons with similar species and discussions about diagnostic characters and conservation status of the new species are presented. © 2012 Magnolia Press.48722Aona, L.Y.S., (2008) Revisão taxonômica e análise cladística do gênero Dichorisandra J.C. Mikan (Commelinaceae), p. 310. , Ph.D. dissertation. Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São Paulo, BrazilBarreto, R.C., (1997) Levantamento das espécies de Commelinaceae R. Br. nativas do Brasil, , Ph.D. dissertation. Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilBurns, J.H., Faden, R.B., Steppan, S.J., Phylogenetic studies in the Commelinaceae subfamily Commelinoideae inferred from nuclear ribosomal and chloroplast DNA sequences (2011) Systematic Botany, 36, pp. 268-276Clarke, C.B., Commelinaceae (1881) Monographiae Phanerogamarum, 3, pp. 272-285. , in De Candolle, A., Sumptibus G. Masson, ParisFaden, R.B., Hunt, D.R., The classification of the Commelinaceae (1991) Taxon, 40, pp. 19-31Hardy, C.R., Faden, R.B., Plowmanianthus, a New Genus of Commelinaceae with Five New Species from Tropical America (2004) Systematic Botany, 29 (2), pp. 316-333Hooker, W.J., Dichorisandra picta. Blotch-leaved Dichorisandra (1954) Botanical Magazine, 80, p. 4760Kunth, K.S., Omnium Hucusque Cognitarum, Secundum. Familias Naturales Disposita, Adjectis Characteribus, Differntiis et Synonymis (1843) Enumeratio Plantarum, 4, p. 114Lemaire, A.C., (1859) L'Illustration Horticole. Ghent & Brussels, , Misc. 70, t. 217Mabberley, D.J., (2000) The plant-book, , 3rd ed. Cambridge University Press, CambridgeMikan, J.C., (1820) Delectus Florae et Faunae Brasiliensis, 1 (1), p. 3Rafinesque-Schmaltz, C.S., (1836) Flora Telluriana, 3, p. 67Schultes, J.A., Schultes, J.H., Commelinaceae (1830) Systema vegetabilium: Secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, diferentiis et synonymus, 7 (2), p. 1190Taubert, P., Plantae Glaziovianae novae vel minus cognitae (1890) Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie, 27, p. 2. , BeiblUle, R.H.G., (1913) Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis, 11, p. 52

Five New Species Of Dichorisandra J. C. Mikan (commelinaceae) From Bahia State, Brazil

Summary: Five new species of the genus Dichorisandra J. C. Mikan are described based on field, herbarium and cultivation studies. The species described here are only known from the Atlantic rain forest from the State of Bahia, Brazil and have anthers with introrse longitudinal slits that are functionally poricidal. D. subtilis Aona & M. C. E. Amaral is characterised by its small habit, erect, densely pilose leaves, flowers in congested inflorescences, 5 stamens and a verrucose ovary. D. variegata Aona & Faden presents terminal, erect or sometimes decumbent inflorescences sprouting from the base of the plant, leaf blades sparsely to densely pilose and with two white longitudinal broad stripes above, and 5 (- 6) stamens. D. jardimii Aona & M. C. E. Amaral is characterised by the axillary inflorescences that perforate the leaf sheaths and arise either directly from the rhizome or from normal terrestrial branches, 5 stamens, a verrucose ovary and cylindrical fruits. D. ordinatiflora Aona & Faden presents axillary inflorescences that perforate the leaf sheaths, inflorescences distributed evenly along the stem, and a reddish indumentum. D. conglomerata Aona & M. C. E. Amaral can be recognised by its completely glabrous leaves, terminal inflorescences, the large number of flowers per cincinnus (7 - 10 flowers), and 5 stamens. Discussion of relevant characters, comparisons with closest relatives, descriptions, information on conservation status and illustrations are provided. © 2012 The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.664479491Aona, L.Y.S., (2008) Revisão taxonômica e análise cladística do gênero Dichorisandra J. C. Mikan (Commelinaceae), , (ined.), Ph. D. dissertation. Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São PauloBarreto, R.C., (1997) Levantamento das espécies de Commelinaceae R. Br. nativas do Brasil, , (ined.),Ph. D. dissertation. Universidade de São Paulo, São PauloClarke, C.B., Commelinaceae (1881) Monographiae Phanerogamarum, 3, pp. 272-285. , A. CandolleDe (Ed.), Paris: Sumptibus G. MassonEvans, T.M., Sytsma, K.J., Faden, R.B., Givnish, T.J., Phylogenetics relationships in the Commelinaceae: II. A cladistic analysis of rbcL sequences and morphology (2003) Syst. Bot., 28, pp. 270-292Faden, R.B., Hunt, D.R., The classification of the Commelinaceae (1991) Taxon, 40, pp. 19-31(2001) IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3. 1, , IUCN, Prepared by the IUCN Species Survival Commission. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, U. KMabberley, D.J., (2000) Plant-Book, , 3rd edn., Cambridge: Cambridge University PressStearn, W.T., (1992) Botanical Latin, , 4th edn., Newton Abbot, Devon: David & Charles publWade, D.W., Evans, T.M., Faden, R.B., Subtribal relationships in the tribe Tradescantieae (Commelinaceae) based on rbcL and ndhF sequences (2003) Resumos do Congresso Monocots III - Third International Conference on the Comparative Biology of the Monocotyledons, Califórnia, Estados Unidos, , http://www.monocots3.org/

Two New Species Of Dichorisandra (commelinaceae) From Rio De Janeiro And Comments On The Two Species Included In Vellozo’s “flora Fluminensis”

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Two new species of Dichorisandra collected in Rio de Janeiro state are described based on studies in the field, herbarium specimens and cultivated plants. Dichorisandra odorata can be distinguished by its small stature, leaves congested at the apex of the stems, with the lamina densely pilose on both sides, fragrant flowers (unusual for the genus), six anthers with pilose connectives and dehiscent by an apical pore; Dichorisandra nana resembles D. thyrsiflora by the presence of six yellow anthers dehiscent by apical pores, however it differs being smaller, reaching only 30 cm tall, and by the position of the stamens in relation to the petals. Illustrations of the species, comparisons with species looking morphologically similar, discussion of the diagnostic characters, as well as their conservation status are presented. Vellozo´s Flora Fluminensis includes two names that belong to Dichorisandra, both treated under the genus Convallaria. The first one, C. diffusa, is a synonym of D. hexandra while the other, thought by Vellozo to be C. racemosa (= Maianthemum racemosum), is in fact D. thyrsiflora.184422323403/06634-0; FAPESP; São Paulo Research FoundationFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Aona, L.Y.S., (2008) Revisão taxonômica e análise cladística do gênero Dichorisandra J.C. Mikan (Commelinaceae), 310p. , Ph. D. dissertation. Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São Paulo, BrazilAona, L.Y.S., Faden, R.B., Amaral, M.C.E., Five new species of Dichorisandra J.C. Mikan (Commelinaceae) (2012) Kew Bulletin, 66 (4), pp. 1-13Aona-Pinheiro, L.Y.S., Amaral, M.C.E., Four new species of Dichorisandra J.C. Mikan (Commelinaceae) from Southeast Brazil (2012) Phytotaxa, 48, pp. 7-22Aona, L.Y.S., Pellegrini, M.O.O., Commelinaceae (2014) Lista de Espécies da Flora do Brasil, , http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/2011/FB006924, (accessed: 08 May 2014)., Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, BrasilAublet, F., (1775) Histoire des plantes de la Guiane Françoise, rangées suivant la méthode sexuelle, avec plusiers mémoires sur différens objets intéressans, relatifs à la culture & au commerce de la Guiane Françoise, & une notice des plantes de l'Isle-de-France, , http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.48831, P.F. Didot jeune, Paris, 35 pp, t. 12Barreto, R.C., Commelinaceae (2005) Flora Fanerogâmica do Estado de São Paulo, 4, pp. 195-210. , Wanderley, M.G. L, Shepherd, G.J., Melhem, T.S. & Giulietii, A.M. (Eds), RiMA, São PauloBarreto, R.C., (1997) Levantamento das espécies de Commelinaceae R. Br. nativas do Brasil, 490p. , Ph. D. dissertation. Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilBrown, R., (1810) Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandae et Insulae Van Diemen, , http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.3678, Richard Taylor and Son, LondonCervi, A.C., Rodrigues, W.A., Nomenclatural and taxonomic review of Passifloraceae species illustrated and described by Vellozo in Flora Fluminensis (2010) Acta Botanica Brasilica, 24 (4), pp. 1109-1111. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-33062010000400029Clarke, C.B., Commelinaceae (1881) Monographiae Phanerogamarum, pp. 272-285. , De Candolle, A. (Ed.), vol. 3. Sumptibus G. Masson, ParisClarke, C.B., Commelinaceae (1902) An Enumeration of the Plants collected by Dr. H.H. Rusby in South America, 1885-1886, XXXII (Continued). Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, 29 (2), p. 703. , Rusby, H.H. (Ed.)Cogniaux, C.A., Journal spécial des serres et des jardins, ou choix raisonné des plantes les plus intérressantes sous le rapport ornemental, comprenant leur histoire complete, leur description comparée, leur figure et leur culture (1894) L'Illustration horticole, 41, p. 297. , pl. 19Cruz, M., (1946) Índice da Flora Fluminensis, 17p. , http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.2118, Rio de Janeiro: Imprensa NacionalFaden, R.B., Commelinaceae (1985) The families of the Monocotyledons. Structure, evolution, and taxonomy, pp. 381-387. , Dahlgren, R.M.T., Clifford, H.T. & Yeo, P.F. (Eds.), Springer Verlag, BerlinFaden, R.B., Hunt, D.R., The classification of the Commelinaceae (1991) Taxon, 40, pp. 19-31. , http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1222918Frankie, J.V., (2014) Maianthemum in Flora of North America, , http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1andtaxon_id=119474, (accessed 20 May 2014)Govaerts, R., Faden, R.B., (2011) World checklist of Commelinaceae, , http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/home.do, (accessed 08 August 2014), The Board of Trustees ofthe Royal Botanic Gardens, KewHasskarl, J.C., Belosynapsis kewensis Hsskl (1871) Flora, 54, p. 259Hooker, W.J., Dichorisandra picta. Blotch-leaved Dichorisandra (1854) Bot. Mag, 80, 4760pIUCN, (2001) IUCN Red List Categories: Version 3. 1, 23p. , IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UKKunth, K.S., Omnium Hucusque Cognitarum, Secundum. 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Cab, 17 (1667), pp. 142-143Mikan, J.C., (1820) Delectus Florae et Faunae Brasiliensis, 1 (1), p. 3. , http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.63994McNeill, J., Barrie, F.R., Buck, W.R., Demoulin, V., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Wiersema, J.H., (2012) International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Melbourne Code), , (Eds.), Adopted by the Eighteenth International Botanical Congress Melbourne, Australia, July 2011Necker, N.M.J., Stickmannia (1790) Elementa Botanica, 3, 171pPastore, J.F.B., A review of Vellozo's names for Polygalaceae in his Flora Fluminensis (2013) Phytotaxa, 108 (1), pp. 41-48. , http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.108.1.2Plukenet, L., (1696) Almagestum botanicum, , Publ. by the author: LondonRosário, R.P.G., Bianchini, R.S., Commelinaceae (2001) Flora Fanerogâmica da Ilha do Cardoso, vol. 8, pp. 35-45. , Melo, M.M.R.F., Barros, F., Chiea, S.A.C., Kirizawa, M., Jung-Mendaçolli, S.L. & Wanderley, M.G.L. (Eds.), Instituto de Botânica, São PauloSampaio, A.J., Peckolt, O., A nomenclatura das espécies na "Flora Fluminensis" de Conceição Veloso e sua correspondência atual (1943) Arquivos do Museu Nacional, 23, pp. 333-394Schultes, J.A., Schultes, J.H., Commelinaceae (1830) Systema vegetabilium: Secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, diferentiis et synonymus, 1186p. , http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.825, Stuttgardtiae: Sumtibus J.G. Cottae, 1817-1830Seubert, M., Commelinaceae (1855) Flora brasiliensis, pp. 233-270. , Martius, C.F.P. (Ed.), vol. 3 Leipzig, Frid. FleischerSilva, T.R.S., Campos, M.T.V.A., Commelinaceae (2003) Flora de Grão-Mogol, 1, pp. 175-178. , Pirani, J.R., Mello-Silva, R. & Giulietii, A.M. (Eds.), HUCITEC, São PauloStafleu, F.A., Cowan, R.S., (1986) Vellozo [Vellozo, Veloso], José Mariano de Conceição. 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