17,883 research outputs found
Structure of Critical Lines in Quenched Lattice QCD with the Wilson Quark Action
The structure of critical lines of vanishing pion mass for the Wilson quark
action is examined in quenched lattice QCD. The numerical evidence is presented
that critical lines spread into five branches beyond beta=5.6-5.7 at zero
temperature. It is also shown that critical lines disappear in the deconfined
phase for the case of finite temperatures.Comment: 11 pages, Latex, 7 Postscript figures, uses epsf.st
Chiral perturbation theory with Wilson-type fermions including effects: degenerate case
We have derived the quark mass dependence of , and
, using the chiral perturbation theory which includes the effect
associated with the explicit chiral symmetry breaking of the Wilson-type
fermions, in the case of the degenerate quarks. Distinct features of
the results are (1) the additive renormalization for the mass parameter
in the Lagrangian, (2) corrections to the chiral log ()
term, (3) the existence of more singular term, , generated by
contributions, and (4) the existence of both and terms
in the quark mass from the axial Ward-Takahashi identity, . By
fitting the mass dependence of and , obtained by the
CP-PACS collaboration for full QCD simulations, we have found that the
data are consistently described by the derived formulae. Resumming the most
singular terms , we have also derived the modified formulae, which
show a better control over the next-to-leading order correction.Comment: 21 pages, 4 figures (10 eps files), Revtex4, some discussions and
references added, the final version to appear in PR
Probing Majorana Phases and Neutrino Mass Spectrum in the Higgs Triplet Model at the LHC
Doubly charged Higgs bosons (H^++) are a distinctive signature of the Higgs
Triplet Model of neutrino mass generation. If H^++ is relatively light
(m_{H^++} < 400GeV) it will be produced copiously at the LHC, which could
enable precise measurements of the branching ratios of the decay channels H^++
to l_i l_j. Such branching ratios are determined solely by the neutrino mass
matrix which allows the model to be tested at the LHC. We quantify the
dependence of the leptonic branching ratios on the absolute neutrino mass and
Majorana phases, and present the permitted values for the channels ee, emu and
mumu. It is shown that precise measurements of these three branching ratios are
sufficient to extract information on the neutrino mass spectrum and probe the
presence of CP violation from Majorana phases.Comment: 1+19 pages, 22 figures, typos corrected, references added, version to
appear in Phys. Rev.
Domain Wall Fermions in Quenched Lattice QCD
We study the chiral properties and the validity of perturbation theory for
domain wall fermions in quenched lattice QCD at beta=6.0. The explicit chiral
symmetry breaking term in the axial Ward-Takahashi identity is found to be very
small already at Ns=10, where Ns is the size of the fifth dimension, and its
behavior seems consistent with an exponential decay in Ns within the limited
range of Ns we explore. From the fact that the critical quark mass, at which
the pion mass vanishes as in the case of the ordinary Wilson-type fermion,
exists at finite Ns, we point out that this may be a signal of the parity
broken phase and investigate the possible existence of such a phase in this
model at finite Ns. The rho and pi meson decay constants obtained from the
four-dimensional local currents with the one-loop renormalization factor show a
good agreement with those obtained from the conserved currents
Pion scattering in Wilson ChPT
We compute the scattering amplitude for pion scattering in Wilson chiral
perturbation theory for two degenerate quark flavors. We consider two different
regimes where the quark mass m is of order (i) a\Lambda_QCD^2 and (ii)
a^2\Lambda_QCD^3. Analytic expressions for the scattering lengths in all three
isospin channels are given. As a result of the O(a^2) terms the I=0 and I=2
scattering lengths do not vanish in the chiral limit. Moreover, additional
chiral logarithms proportional to a^2\ln M_{\pi}^2 are present in the one-loop
results for regime (ii). These contributions significantly modify the familiar
results from continuum chiral perturbation theory.Comment: 20 pages, 4 figures. V3: Comments on finite size effects and the
axial vector current added, one more reference. To be published in PR
Nucleon-nucleon interactions via Lattice QCD: Methodology --HAL QCD approach to extract hadronic interactions in lattice QCD--
We review the potential method in lattice QCD, which has recently been
proposed to extract nucleon-nucleon interactions via numerical simulations. We
focus on the methodology of this approach by emphasizing the strategy of the
potential method, the theoretical foundation behind it, and special numerical
techniques. We compare the potential method with the standard finite volume
method in lattice QCD, in order to make pros and cons of the approach clear. We
also present several numerical results for the nucleon-nucleon potentials.Comment: 12 pages, 10 figure
A three-dimensional hydrodynamical line profile analysis of iron lines and barium isotopes in HD140283
Heavy-elements, i.e. those beyond the iron peak, mostly form via two neutron
capture processes: the s- and r-process. Metal-poor stars should contain fewer
isotopes that form via the s-process, according to currently accepted theory.
It has been shown in several investigations that theory and observation do not
agree well, raising questions on the validity of either the methodology or the
theory. We analyse the metal-poor star HD140283, for which we have a high
quality spectrum. We test whether a 3D LTE stellar atmosphere and spectrum
synthesis code permits a more reliable analysis of the iron abundance and
barium isotope ratio than a 1D LTE analysis. Using 3D model atmospheres, we
examine 91 iron lines of varying strength and formation depth. This provides us
with the star's rotational speed. With this, we model the barium isotope ratio
by exploiting the hyperfine structure of the singly ionised 4554 resonance
line, and study the impact of the uncertainties in the stellar parameters.
HD140283's vsini = 1.65 +/- 0.05 km/s. Barium isotopes under the 3D paradigm
show a dominant r-process signature as 77 +/- 6 +/- 17% of barium isotopes form
via the r-process, where errors represent the assigned random and systematic
errors, respectively. We find that 3D LTE fits reproduce iron line profiles
better than those in 1D, but do not provide a unique abundance (within the
uncertainties). However, we demonstrate that the isotopic ratio is robust
against this shortcoming. Our barium isotope result agrees well with currently
accepted theory regarding the formation of the heavy-elements during the early
Galaxy. The improved fit to the asymmetric iron line profiles suggests that the
current state of 3D LTE modelling provides excellent simulations of fluid
flows. However, the abundances they provide are not yet self-consistent. This
may improve with NLTE considerations and higher resolution models.Comment: 16 pages, 10 figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in A&
Revisiting the Naturalness Problem -- Who is afraid of quadratic divergences? --
It is widely believed that quadratic divergences severely restrict natural
constructions of particle physics models beyond the standard model (SM).
Supersymmetry provides a beautiful solution, but the recent LHC experiments
have excluded large parameter regions of supersymmetric extensions of the SM.
It will now be important to reconsider whether we have been misinterpreting the
quadratic divergences in field theories. In this paper, we revisit the problem
from the viewpoint of the Wilsonian renormalization group and argue that
quadratic divergences, which can always be absorbed into a position of the
critical surface, should be simply subtracted in model constructions. Such a
picture gives another justification to the argument that the scale invariance
of the SM, except for the soft-breaking terms, is an alternative solution to
the naturalness problem. It also largely broadens possibilities of model
constructions beyond the SM since we just need to take care of logarithmic
divergences, which cause mixings of various physical scales and runnings of
couplings.Comment: 22 pages, 6 figures, version published in Phys. Rev.
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