Analysis of Citation in Undergraduate Law Projects in Faculties of Law Libraries in Anambra and Enugu States of Nigeria

The study sought to find out secondary sources of law undergraduate law students cite in their research projects. The study further sought to determine most frequently cited sources as well as their availability in faculty of law libraries in Anambra and Enugu States of Nigeria. Five research questions guided the study. Survey research design was adopted for the study. A total of 543 projects were used for the study. Checklist and interview were the instrument for data collection. Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics of frequencies and percentages to answer research questions 1,2 and 3. Responses from the law librarians in research questions 4 and 5 were qualitatively analysed. The result of the analysis revealed that most of the information sources cited were not available in the four law libraries studied. Challenges facing law librarians in the provision and availability of these resources were highlighted. The study also made recommendations that will enhance the availability and utilisation of these information sources in faculty of law libraries in Anambra and Enugu States of Nigeria were recommended

Analysis of Citation in Undergraduate Law Projects in Faculties of Law Libraries in Anambra and Enugu States of Nigeria

The study sought to find out secondary sources of law undergraduate law students cite in their research projects. The study further sought to determine most frequently cited sources as well as their availability in faculty of law libraries in Anambra and Enugu States of Nigeria. Five research questions guided the study. Survey research design was adopted for the study. A total of 543 projects were used for the study. Checklist and interview were the instrument for data collection. Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics of frequencies and percentages to answer research questions 1,2 and 3. Responses from the law librarians in research questions 4 and 5 were qualitatively analysed. The result of the analysis revealed that most of the information sources cited were not available in the four law libraries studied. Challenges facing law librarians in the provision and availability of these resources were highlighted. The study also made recommendations that will enhance the availability and utilisation of these information sources in faculty of law libraries in Anambra and Enugu States of Nigeria were recommended

Citation Analysis Of Undergraduate Law Projects in Faculties of Law Libraries in Anambra and Enugu States of Nigeria

Mainly this study sought to find out primary sources of law undergraduate law students cite in their research projects. It also sought to ascertain most frequently cited sources as well as their availability in faculty of law libraries in Anambra and Enugu States of Nigeria. Five research questions guided the study. The research design was a survey. A total of 543 projects were used for the study. Instrument for data collection were checklist and interview. Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics of frequencies and percentages to answer research questions 1,2 and 3. Responses from the law librarians in research questions 4 and 5 were qualitatively analysed. Findings of the study revealed that most of the information sources cited were not available in the four law libraries studied. Problems which impinge on the provision and availability of these resources were highlighted. Finally strategies that will enhance the availability and use of these information sources in faculty of law libraries in Anambra and Enugu States of Nigeria were recommended

Evaluation of Mixture Productivity and Economic Profit of Inter Cropped Garden Egg and Okra as Influenced by Application of Moringa oleifera Extracts, Poultry Manure and N.P.K Fertilizer in Cropping Systems of Farmers in North Central Nigeria.

The plant height of Okra was significantly (p> 0.05) greater   under intercropping than in sole cropping.  The highest plant height, number of leaves and leaf area per plant were obtained from stands of Okra that were treated with aqueous foliar spray of Moringa extracts though not significantly (p>0.05) different from those that received poultry manure and N.P.K fertilizer. The growth parameters of garden egg were not significantly (p>0.05) affected by intercropping in both 2012 and 2013 respectively. Stands of Okra applied with Moringa oleifera extracts under sole cropping system produced 76% and 70% more pods than the stands in the control plots in 2012 and 2013 while those under intercropping produced 76% and 74% than those in the control plots in 2012 and 2013 respectively. Also in 2012 and 2013, the pod yield of okra treated with Moringa extracts was 90% and 86% greater than those in the control plots under sole cropping situations while under inter cropping it was 90% greater than the control. Intercropping depressed number of pod per plant in 2012 by 4% and 2013 by 2% while pod yield was depressed in 2012 and 2013 only by 6% respectively. Like in Okra, the fruit production of garden egg was significantly (p>0.05) influenced by Moringa oleifera extracts. The highest fruit yield was recorded from stands treated with Poultry manure although not significantly different from those given N.P.K. fertilizer and aqueous Moringa leaf extracts. The Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) values of the okra/garden egg intercrops except those of the control plots were greater than unity in both years of cropping. On the average, the LER of the intercrops that were applied with Moringa eatracts in 2012 and 2013 were 1.44 and 1.46, indicating 44% and 46% yield advantage over the sole crops. There is economic prospect in the use Moringa extracts in the production of okra and garden egg under both cropping systems.   Keywords: Okra, Garden egg, Moringa oleifera, NPK fertilizer, cropping systems, Land Equivalent Rati

Profile Of The Nigerian Sickle Cell Anaemia Patients Above 30 Years Of Age

A CAJM article on the profiles of Nigerian sickle cell anaemic patients.Haemoglobin S occurs with greatest prevalence in tropical Africa and clinicians have generally associated sickle cell disease with high morbidity and mortality.1-3 The heterozygous frequency in Nigeria is usually about 25% but in some areas it reaches 32.5%.4 Patients with sickle cell anaemia (SCA) constitute about 2 to 3% of the Nigerian population. While the disease appears benign in some patients, it runs a crippling course in others. There are a few reports of patients surviving till the fourth or fifth decade but this is a very rare occurrence in Nigeria. Thus, patients over the age of 30 years form a very small proportion of the patients. It has been implied that inherited and acquired factors influence the pathogenesis and clinical symptoms of the disease.1 Hence, this results either in death in the early years in some patients or cases discovered late in life as a result of chance survey 1 With improvement in the living standard and increasing availability of health care, it has been observed that more patients with sickle cell anaemia in Nigeria survive into adolescence and maturity, and they are able to reproduce and some are in gainful employment

Clock synchronisation for UWB and DECT communication networks

Synchronisation deals with the distribution of time and/or frequency across a network of nodes dispersed in an area, in order to align their clocks with respect to time and/or frequency. It remains an important requirement in telecommunication networks, especially in Time Division Duplexing (TDD) systems such as Ultra Wideband (UWB) and Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT) systems. This thesis explores three di erent research areas related to clock synchronisation in communication networks; namely algorithm development and implementation, managing Packet Delay Variation (PDV), and coping with the failure of a master node. The first area proposes a higher-layer synchronisation algorithm in order to meet the specific requirements of a UWB network that is based on the European Computer Manufacturers Association (ECMA) standard. At up to 480 Mbps data rate, UWB is an attractive technology for multimedia streaming. Higher-layer synchronisation is needed in order to facilitate synchronised playback at the receivers and prevent distortion, but no algorithm is de ned in the ECMA-368 standard. In this research area, a higher-layer synchronisation algorithm is developed for an ECMA-368 UWB network. Network simulations and FPGA implementation are used to show that the new algorithm satis es the requirements of the network. The next research area looks at how PDV can be managed when Precision Time Protocol (PTP) is implemented in an existing Ethernet network. Existing literature indicates that the performance of a PDV ltering algorithm usually depends on the delay pro le of the network in which it is applied. In this research area, a new sample-mode PDV filter is proposed which is independent of the shape of the delay profile. Numerical simulations show that the sample-mode filtering algorithm is able to match or out-perform the existing sample minimum, mean, and maximum filters, at differentlevels of network load. Finally, the thesis considers the problem of dealing with master failures in a PTP network for a DECT audio application. It describes the existing master redundancy techniques and shows why they are unsuitable for the specific application. Then a new alternate master cluster technique is proposed along with an alternative BMCA to suit the application under consideration. Network simulations are used to show how this technique leads to a reduction in the total time to recover from a master failure

Citation Analysis Of Undergraduate Law Projects in Faculties of Law Libraries in Anambra and Enugu States of Nigeria

Mainly this study sought to find out primary sources of law undergraduate law students cite in their research projects. It also sought to ascertain most frequently cited sources as well as their availability in faculty of law libraries in Anambra and Enugu States of Nigeria. Five research questions guided the study. The research design was a survey. A total of 543 projects were used for the study. Instrument for data collection were checklist and interview. Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics of frequencies and percentages to answer research questions 1,2 and 3. Responses from the law librarians in research questions 4 and 5 were qualitatively analysed. Findings of the study revealed that most of the information sources cited were not available in the four law libraries studied. Problems which impinge on the provision and availability of these resources were highlighted. Finally strategies that will enhance the availability and use of these information sources in faculty of law libraries in Anambra and Enugu States of Nigeria were recommended

Comparative economic assessment of the effect of selected fallow species for soil amendment on the yield of sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) alley in the Guinea savannah of Nigeria

The study focused on the comparative economic assessment of the effect of selected fallow species for soil amendment on the yield of sweetpotato (Ipomea batatas) alley in the Guinea Savannah of Nigeria. As a result of the increasing cost and scarcity of inorganic fertilizers, sweetpotato production has been on the decline in recent times. Part of the intensive efforts being made by farmers to resuscitate the declining soil fertility so as to meet the challenge of providing food for the increasing population, is the use of cheap and available fallow species  in a sweetpotato alley. Therefore, sweetpotato (Ipomea batata) vines (30cm long) of the variety, Ex- Igbariam were used in a three year alley cropping system using different combinations of the selected fallow species. These include; 100% Moringa alley, 50% Moringa + 50% Leucaena leucocephala alley, 50% Moringa + 50% Glaricidia septum alley, 100% Leucaena leucocephala alley, 100% Gliricidia alley, 50% Leucaena + 50 % Glaricidia alley, N.P.K. (15:15:15) fertilizer (200kg ha-1) and Control. Mean yield of sweatpotato from plots treated with the different fallow species were separated using analysis of variance (ANOVA) to determine if statistical difference existed among the values. The economic analysis was done by simple gross margin analysis. The result showed that alley cropping with all the fallow species used in the trial, increased yield of sweetpotato progressively, with 50% Moringa + 50% Leucaena leucocephala alley, giving the highest average yield of 17.2 tons/ha and highest value of output ₦111,000 with a returns to investment of 1: 3.79. Also, the application of 100% Leucaena leucocephala alley and any other mixture of leuceana had yield advantage over the other fallow species used in the experiment. It was therefore concluded that alley cropping of sweetpotato with the selected fallow species, progressively increased yield and reduced cost of sweetpotato production in the Federal Capital Territory Abuja, Nigeria.Keywords: Sweetpotato, Fallow, Species, Alley, Cropping, Economic, Yiel

Teaching and learning English in a second language situation: The case of some Igbo Teachers and students

The English language, which is studied as a second language in Nigeria, is indispensable in all spheres of human endeavours. It is the language of government, education, the judiciary and indeed every aspect of national life. All ethnic groups in the country, the Igbo inclusive, embrace this all-important language for their various activities. Because this significant language is not a mother tongue in the Igbo environment, some students of English in a second language situation encounter problems because some learners study it against the background of their mother tongue in which they have attained a reasonable degree of competence. Again, teachers on their own part contribute to the problem owing to their pedagogical incompetence, lack of instructional materials, language interference, etc. To this end, this paper looks at the concept of teaching and learning English in a second language situation with a focus on the problems encountered by the Igbo teachers and learners as regards imbibing the intricacies of the language and possible solution. To get about this, fifty Year one Sandwich students of Department of English Language and Literature, Nnamdi Azikiwe University and their lecturers were directly observed in a classroom situation. It was discovered that they have interference problem amongst other problems inherent in studying English as a second language

Evaluation of Effect of Moringa oleifera-Based Agro-Forestry Practices on the Yields of Ipomea batata in North Central Nigeria

The study evaluated the effect of Moringa oleifera based agro- forestry system on Sweet potato yields in North Central Nigeria. The study was carried out in the Potato Multiplication Centre in Gikwoyi, Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. Randomized Complete Block Design with 3 replications was used. Data collected included, soil physico-chemical properties, aerial biomass weight, tuber yield, and weed biomass weight. Performance of Ipomea batata was significantly improved by Moringa oleifera based agro-forestry systems. Highest soil organic matter 0.76% (2010), 0.86% (2011) and soil pH 6.8 were obtained from Moringa+ Leucaena plots. Tuber yield of Ipomea batata peaked at 20.2 t ha-1 (2010) and 22.9 t ha-1 (2011) in Moringa + Leucaena plots. Although tuber yield of Ipomea batata that received N.P.K (20:10:10) was highest (18.6 t ha-1 ) in the first year of planting, in subsequent years the yields in N.P.K fertilized plots decreased drastically. Poorest tuber yield (3.6 t ha-1) was obtained from the control plots in the third year of planting. Weed infestation was drastically reduced (10.29 t ha-1 in Moringa + Leucaena plots compared to that in the N.P.K. fertilized plots; 21.61t ha-1 (2009), 29.10 t ha-1 (2010) and 27.63 t ha-1 in 2012 respectively.Key words: Moringa, Leucaena, Gliricidia, Agro-forestry system ,Ipomea batat