Neurodiseño y neurousabilidad de automóviles. Una propuesta desde la ingeniería neurokansei-chisei

En este trabajo de investigación se plantea una innovación metodológica en los procesos de diseño y desarrollo de productos industriales, con enfoque en el usuario. El objetivo central es el planteamiento de un modelo de orientación neurocientífica para la aplicación de la Ingeniería Kansei-Chisei al diseño de productos en el sector del automóvil. Esta propuesta participa en la ampliación del concepto de ergonomía aplicada a productos y a entornos de trabajo, la cual ha evolucionado desde los conceptos de ergonomía clásica o ergonomía física hacia otros ámbitos relacionados con la incorporación e interacción emocional y racional del diseño. En el ámbito de la ergonomía, el diseño productos ha evolucionado de una concepción racional centrada exclusivamente en la eficiencia práctica, a planteamientos de concepción emocional mediante la incorporación de soluciones de diseño afectivo por Ingeniería Kansei. El objetivo final de la Ingeniería Kansei Chisei es establecer la relación entre emoción, razón y propiedades vehículo, de tal manera que los resultados puedan ser utilizados para mejorar el confort y la eficiencia del producto.In this research work, is proposed a methodological innovation in the design and development processes of industrial products, with a focus on the user. The central aim is the approach of a neuroscientific orientation model for the application of Kansei-Chisei Engineering to the design of products in the automotive sector. This proposal participates in the expansion of the concept of ergonomics applied to products and work environments, which has evolved from the concepts of classical ergonomics or physical ergonomics to other areas related to the incorporation and emotional and rational interaction of design. In the field of ergonomics, product design has evolved from a rational conception focused exclusively on practical efficiency, to approaches of emotional conception through the incorporation of affective design solutions by Kansei Engineering. The final objective of the Kansei-Chisei Engineering is to establish the relationship between emotion, reason and vehicle properties, in such a way that the results can be used to improve the comfort and efficiency of the product.Plan Propio de la Universidad de Sevilla Proyecto: 2017/0000096

Promoting entrepreneurship through innovation. Application in engineering projects

La adquisición de competencias debe partir de la perspectiva del docente como orientador, facilitador y promotor de la formación del alumnado, minimizando las clases magistrales para favorecer su autonomía y trabajo colaborativo, no siendo posible, para asegurar su desarrollo, la evaluación por métodos tradicionales. Dado el entorno -español, andaluz y gaditano- de recesión, con baja tasa de crecimiento y alta tasa de desempleo juvenil, se pretende fomentar el emprendimiento, creatividad e innovación de los estudiantes. En este contexto, se plantea la revisión de los modelos que fundamentan las formas de enseñar y aprender en las asignaturas de proyectos de los grados en ingeniería ofertados por la Universidad de Cádiz -UCA- de la rama industrial -eléctrica, electrónica industrial, mecánica y tecnología industrial-, seleccionando el aprendizaje basado en proyectos -ABP-, en el que los protagonistas son los alumnos, evolucionando a través de la experimentación. Esta investigación consta de tres etapas principales. En una primera fase, se fomenta la educación en el emprendimiento. Seguidamente, se promueve la cultura del emprendimiento innovador, propiciando las condiciones para la creación simulada- de nuevas empresas innovadoras. Finalmente, se seleccionan aquellas propuestas que potencialmente contribuyan a que Cádiz mejore su déficit empresarial en sectores tecnológicos.Competences’ acquisition must start from the professor’s perspective as a counselor, facilitator and sponsor of students’ training, minimizing master classes to promote their autonomy and collaborative work, and the evaluation by traditional methods to ensure their development is not possible. Within the recession context –in Spain, Andalusia and Cadiz- with low growth and high youth unemployment rate, it is intended to promote students’ entrepreneurship, creativity and innovation. Inside this framework, to review the models that underlie the ways of teaching and learning in project management subjects in the engineering degrees of the industrial branch -electricity, industrial electronics, mechanics and industrial technology- offered by the University of Cadiz -UCA- is proposed, selecting project-based learning -PBL-, in which students are the main characters, evolving them through experimentation. This investigation consists of three main stages. In a first phase, education in entrepreneurship is encouraged. Next, culture of innovative entrepreneurship is promoted, propitiating the conditions for the -simulated- creation of new innovative companies. Finally, those proposals that potentially contribute to Cadiz improving its business deficit in technological sectors are selected

Tools for the acquisition of engineer´s competences based on the knowledge theory for the digital area

La Ingeniería en general, y la Dirección de Proyectos en particular, viene caracterizada entre otros factores por entornos de trabajo colaborativos, multiculturales, basados en tecnologías de la información y la comunicación. La “Competencia” entendida como la capacidad de responder a demandas complejas, producidas por la digitalización, y la realización de tareas diversas de forma adecuada, supone la combinación de habilidades prácticas, conocimientos, componentes sociales y de comportamiento con las que asumir las tareas propias del Director de Proyectos. La adquisición de competencias entendida en base a la combinación anterior requiere del apoyo de herramientas de corte conectivista que permita la formación, en cualquier contexto, del Director de Proyectos.Engineering in general, and Project Management in particular, is characterized among other factors by collaborative, multicultural work environments, based on information and communication technologies. The "Competence" understood as the ability to respond to complex demands, produced by digitalization, and the performance of diverse tasks in an appropriate manner, involves the combination of practical skills, knowledge, social and behavioral components with which to assume one's own tasks from the project manager. The acquisition of skills, understood and based on the previous combination, requires the support of connective tools that allow the formation, in any context, of the Project Manager

Design and creation of informative pills from professional seminars and conferences in Business Administration Degree and Master in Foreign Trade

Este proyecto propone el uso de las nuevas tecnologías y, en concreto, del concepto de “cápsula informativa” para incentivar la motivación del alumnado en su aprendizaje y dar un mejor uso de algunas de las actividades propuestas en el aula, de manera que se incremente su perdurabilidad y que el esfuerzo que supone su organización no caiga en saco roto. El contenido concreto de las cápsulas se ha pretendido que sea un compendio de mini-entrevistas a los profesionales que visitan las aulas de la titulación en distintas asignaturas y que proceden del mundo de la empresa (emprendedores, directores de departamentos de comercio exterior, directivos de multinacionales, técnicos de la Cámara de Comercio, etc.).This project proposes the use of new technologies and, in particular, the concept of "information pill" to encourage student motivation in their learning and give better use of some of the activities proposed in the classroom in order to increase their durability and that the effort they suppose do not fall on deaf ears. The specific content of the pills has been intended to be a compendium of mini-interviews to professionals who visit the classrooms in different subjects and who come from business world (entrepreneurs, directors of foreign trade departments, managers of multinationals, technicians of the Chamber of Commerce, etc.)

Teaching material for the visibilization of models in the female entrepreneurship. Raising awareness in self-employment

En un momento de grandes cambios, la docencia universitaria no se encuentra ajena a los retos y necesidades planteados por la sociedad en la que desenvuelve su actividad. Juega una especial importancia el papel de la mujer como agente dinamizador de la actividad económica. En este sentido la universidad debe de tratar de fomentar el espíritu emprendedor entre el alumnado. Según esto, este proyecto se orienta hacia la elaboración de material docente para la mejora de la visibilización del rol empresarial de la mujer mediante la elaboración de casos de emprendimiento femenino. El material docente se ha materializado en un libro coeditado por el Consejo Social de la universidad de Córdoba, la Fundación Caja Rural del Sur y la editorial Tirant lo Blanc (indexada en el primer cuartil del índice SPI). Dicho material proporciona una variada selección de casos reales que el alumno puede consultar convirtiéndose así en un complemento didáctico esencial en la Asignatura de Creación de Empresas. Además, a medio plazo, este libro, mediante su continua utilización en próximos cursos, podría permitir hacer un seguimiento y medición de las tasas de respuesta en intención emprendedora entre los alumnos.In a time of great changes, university teaching is not alien to the challenges and needs that the society in which it develops its activity poses. The role of women as a dynamic agent of economic activity plays a special role. In this sense, the university should try to foster an entrepreneurial spirit among the students. According to this, this project is oriented towards the development of teaching material for the visibility of female entrepreneurship cases. The teaching material has materialized in a book in editing process coedited by the social council of the University of Córdoba and the publishing house Tirant lo Blanc (indexed in the first quartile of the SPI index). This material provides a selection of real and varied cases that the student can consult, thus becoming an essential didactic complement in the Business Creation Course. In the medium term, this book, through its continuous use in future courses, could allow to track and measure response rates entrepreneurial intention among students

A crowdsourcing database for the copy-number variation of the Spanish population

Background: Despite being a very common type of genetic variation, the distribution of copy-number variations (CNVs) in the population is still poorly understood. The knowledge of the genetic variability, especially at the level of the local population, is a critical factor for distinguishing pathogenic from non-pathogenic variation in the discovery of new disease variants. Results: Here, we present the SPAnish Copy Number Alterations Collaborative Server (SPACNACS), which currently contains copy number variation profiles obtained from more than 400 genomes and exomes of unrelated Spanish individuals. By means of a collaborative crowdsourcing effort whole genome and whole exome sequencing data, produced by local genomic projects and for other purposes, is continuously collected. Once checked both, the Spanish ancestry and the lack of kinship with other individuals in the SPACNACS, the CNVs are inferred for these sequences and they are used to populate the database. A web interface allows querying the database with different filters that include ICD10 upper categories. This allows discarding samples from the disease under study and obtaining pseudo-control CNV profiles from the local population. We also show here additional studies on the local impact of CNVs in some phenotypes and on pharmacogenomic variants. SPACNACS can be accessed at: http://csvs.clinbioinfosspa.es/spacnacs/. Conclusion: SPACNACS facilitates disease gene discovery by providing detailed information of the local variability of the population and exemplifies how to reuse genomic data produced for other purposes to build a local reference database

Contrapicados y puntos de fuga. Las otras historias de la historia de la filosofía

Depto. de Lógica y Filosofía TeóricaFac. de FilosofíaFALSEsubmitte

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality