CONTROLE DA MICOTOXINA PATULINA POR RADIAÇÃO GAMA E ÓLEO ESSENCIAL DA NOZ MOSCADA (MYRISTICA FRAGRANS)

As micotoxinas são metabólitos secundários com variado grau de toxicidade e produzidos por diversos fungos. Por serem extremamente comuns e afetarem gêneros alimentícios em larga escala, a preocupação com sua ocorrência e com o desenvolvimento de métodos para descontaminação tem sido crescente em todo o mundo. Além disso, o pequeno conhecimento acerca de suas formas de ação e seu evidente potencial como agentes de guerra ressaltam a importância de maiores estudos na área. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo desenvolver uma metodologia para inativação da patulina, uma micotoxina produzida principalmente pelos gêneros Penicillium, Bissochlamys e Aspergillus, além de estratégias para evitar sua ocorrência. Foram utilizadas como ferramentas a irradiação gama para inativação e óleo essencial de noz moscada para controle da proliferação de cepas de fungos. Para análise dos resultados de inativação e composição das amostras de óleo essencial foram utilizadas a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência e a cromatografia gasos

AGROTÓXICOS: PRESENÇA DIÁRIA NOS ALIMENTOS CONSUMIDOS

Aspectos relevantes de agrotóxicos são destacados neste trabalho, tais como histórico, riscos, toxicidades, legislação, os benefícios e os prejuízos causados pelo uso de agrotóxicos. Atualmente, resíduos de agrotóxicos causam danos irreversíveis ao meio ambiente, ser humano e animais. Apesar de todos os benefícios registrados, há preocupação mundial com o uso indiscriminado dos “venenos agrícolas” e os resíduos deixados por eles. Há, ainda, um crescente questionamento acerca do estabelecimento de uma dose diária, supostamente, segura para ingestão de agrotóxicos

Anesthesia in Patient with Lead Poisoning: Case Report

SummaryBackground and objectivesLead poisoning, also Saturnism, results from chronic lead poisoning, common after occupational exposure. Projectiles retained in the body may result in increased levels of plasma lead with numerous clinical implications, particularly neurological. We report a case of a symptomatic patient, undiagnosed, whose diagnosis was made during the preanesthesia evaluation.Case reportThe patient was attended at our hospital to remove a bullet lodged in his left knee 14 years ago, presenting with polyneuropathy without investigation. During the preanesthetic visit, saturnism was hypothesized and confirmed by high plasma lead levels (129μg.dL-1). Surgery was performed under general anesthesia before starting lead chelation. During anesthesia, the patient developed apnea, without chest-wall rigidity after administration of fentanyl (50μg).ConclusionLead poisoning interferes with the function of various organs and systems, alters oxidative metabolism and intracellular signaling mechanisms. Neurological involvement, with reduced neural conduction, deserves special attention from anesthesiologists

Leveraging citizen science for monitoring urban forageable plants

Urbanization brings forth social challenges in emerging countries such as Brazil, encompassing food scarcity, health deterioration, air pollution, and biodiversity loss. Despite this, urban areas like the city of São Paulo still boast ample green spaces, offering opportunities for nature appreciation and conservation, enhancing city resilience and livability. Citizen science is a collaborative endeavor between professional scientists and nonprofessional scientists in scientific research that may help to understand the dynamics of urban ecosystems. We believe citizen science has the potential to promote human and nature connection in urban areas and provide useful data on urban biodiversity

Citizen science data on urban forageable plants:a case study in Brazil

This paper presents two key data sets derived from the Pomar Urbano project. The first data set is a comprehensive catalog of edible fruit-bearing plant species, native or introduced to Brazil. The second data set, sourced from the iNaturalist platform, tracks the distribution and monitoring of these plants within urban landscapes across Brazil. The study includes data from the capitals of all 27 federative units of Brazil, focusing on the ten cities that contributed the most observations as of August 2023. The research emphasizes the significance of citizen science in urban biodiversity monitoring and its potential to contribute to various fields, including food and nutrition, creative industry, study of plant phenology, and machine learning applications. We expect the data sets presented in this paper to serve as resources for further studies in urban foraging, food security, cultural ecosystem services, and environmental sustainability

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio