Exercise Training Can Prevent Cardiac Hypertrophy Induced by Sympathetic Hyperactivity with Modulation of Kallikrein-Kinin Pathway and Angiogenesis

Sympathetic hyperactivity induces adverse effects in myocardial. Recent studies have shown that exercise training induces cardioprotection against sympathetic overload; however, relevant mechanisms of this issue remain unclear. We analyzed whether exercise can prevent pathological hypertrophy induced by sympathetic hyperactivity with modulation of the kallikrein-kinin and angiogenesis pathways. Male Wistar rats were assigned to non-trained group that received vehicle; non-trained isoproterenol treated group (Iso, 0.3 mg kg(-1) day(-1)); and trained group (Iso+Exe) which was subjected to sympathetic hyperactivity with isoproterenol. the Iso rats showed hypertrophy and myocardial dysfunction with reduced force development and relaxation of muscle. the isoproterenol induced severe fibrosis, apoptosis and reduced myocardial capillary. Interestingly, exercise blunted hypertrophy, myocardial dysfunction, fibrosis, apoptosis and capillary decreases. the sympathetic hyperactivity was associated with high abundance of ANF mRNA and beta-MHC mRNA, which was significantly attenuated by exercise. the tissue kallikrein was augmented in the Iso+Exe group, and kinin B-1 receptor mRNA was increased in the Iso group. Moreover, exercise induced an increase of kinin B-2 receptor mRNA in myocardial. the myocardial content of eNOS, VEGF, VEGF receptor 2, pAkt and Bcl-2 were increased in the Iso+Exe group. Likewise, increased expression of pro-apoptotic Bad in the Iso rats was prevented by prior exercise. Our results represent the first demonstration that exercise can modulate kallikrein-kinin and angiogenesis pathways in the myocardial on sympathetic hyperactivity. These findings suggest that kallikrein-kinin and angiogenesis may have a key role in protecting the heart.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)National Council for Scientific and TechnologicalUniv Nove Julho Uninove, Programa Posgrad Ciencias Reabilitacao, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo Unifesp, São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Nove Julho Uninove, Programa Posgrad Med, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo Unifesp, São Paulo, BrazilFAPESP: 2009/54225-8National Council for Scientific and Technological: 477458/2009-2National Council for Scientific and Technological: 479395/2012-8Web of Scienc

Amelioration of Cardiac Function and Activation of Anti-Inflammatory Vasoactive Peptides Expression in the Rat Myocardium by Low Level Laser Therapy

Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been used as an anti-inflammatory treatment in several disease conditions, even when inflammation is a secondary consequence, such as in myocardial infarction (MI). However, the mechanism by which LLLT is able to protect the remaining myocardium remains unclear. the present study tested the hypothesis that LLLT reduces inflammation after acute MI in female rats and ameliorates cardiac function. the potential participation of the Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) and Kallikrein-Kinin System (KKS) vasoactive peptides was also evaluated. LLLT treatment effectively reduced MI size, attenuated the systolic dysfunction after MI, and decreased the myocardial mRNA expression of interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-6 in comparison to the non-irradiated rat tissue. in addition, LLLT treatment increased protein and mRNA levels of the Mas receptor, the mRNA expression of kinin B2 receptors and the circulating levels of plasma kallikrein compared to non-treated post-MI rats. On the other hand, the kinin B1 receptor mRNA expression decreased after LLLT. No significant changes were found in the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the myocardial remote area between laser-irradiated and non-irradiated post-MI rats. Capillaries density also remained similar between these two experimental groups. the mRNA expression of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was increased three days after MI, however, this effect was blunted by LLLT. Moreover, endothelial NOS mRNA content increased after LLLT. Plasma nitric oxide metabolites (NOx) concentration was increased three days after MI in non-treated rats and increased even further by LLLT treatment. Our data suggest that LLLT diminishes the acute inflammation in the myocardium, reduces infarct size and attenuates left ventricle dysfunction post-MI and increases vasoactive peptides expression and nitric oxide (NO) generation.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Univ Nove Julho, UNINOVE, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Heart Inst InCor, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, São Paulo, BrazilCNPq: 477458/2009-2CNPq: 309715/2011-3CNPq: 479395/2012-8: 2009/54225-8Web of Scienc

Radiofrequency Ablation Does Not Induce Apoptosis in the Rat Myocardium

Background: the mechanisms implicated in the genesis of delayed radiofrequency (RF) effects remain unclear, but may be related to extension of the lesion beyond the region of coagulative necrosis. the role of apoptosis in this process has not been previously reported. We assessed whether RF promotes apoptosis in the region surrounding acute ablation lesions in a rat model.Methods: Wistar rats (n = 30; weight 300 g) were anesthesized, the chest was opened, and the heart was exposed. A modified unipolar RF ablation (custom catheter 4.5-mm-tip diameter, 12 Watts, 10 seconds) was undertaken on the left ventricular anterolateral epicardial surface and the chest was closed. After 2 hours, animals were killed for histological (hematoxylin and eosin, TdT-mediated dUTP Nick EndLabeling [TUNEL] assay) and immunohistochemical (anti-BAD and anti-caspase 3 antibodies) analysis (n = 18). Additional animals (n = 12) were sacrificed at 2 (n = 3), 24 (n = 3), 48 (n = 3), and 72 hours (n = 3) after ablation exclusively for anti-BAD Western Blotting analysis.Results: Lesions were characterized by well-defined regions of coagulative necrosis. in 18/18 (100%) animals, TUNEL assay revealed positive luminescent reaction cells in the region surrounding the lesion, extending up to 2 mm from the border zone. However, microscopic evaluation of the nuclei and immunohistochemical and anti-BAD Western Blotting analysis were negative in all (100%) rats. Thus, positive TUNEL reaction in the periphery of the ablation lesion likely reflects nonspecific DNA damage.Conclusion: RF ablation does not promote apoptosis in the periphery of the myocardial lesion. This finding may have implications for the elucidation of late lesion extension following RF ablation. (PACE 2012; 35: 449-455)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Paulista Sch Med, Discipline Cardiol, BR-04039032 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Paulista Sch Med, Dept Pathol, BR-04039032 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Paulista Sch Med, Discipline Cardiol, BR-04039032 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Paulista Sch Med, Dept Pathol, BR-04039032 São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Pesticide occurrence in groundwater near irrigated rice fields

Submitted by Paula Gautério ([email protected]) on 2014-02-12T22:33:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ocorrência de agrotóxicos em águas subterrâneas de áreas adjacentes a lavouras de arroz irrigado.pdf: 223427 bytes, checksum: f1e4d4c15ed0f3dee9e8151907dcf25c (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Gabriela Silva da Rosa ([email protected]) on 2014-02-22T21:18:33Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Ocorrência de agrotóxicos em águas subterrâneas de áreas adjacentes a lavouras de arroz irrigado.pdf: 223427 bytes, checksum: f1e4d4c15ed0f3dee9e8151907dcf25c (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2014-02-22T21:18:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ocorrência de agrotóxicos em águas subterrâneas de áreas adjacentes a lavouras de arroz irrigado.pdf: 223427 bytes, checksum: f1e4d4c15ed0f3dee9e8151907dcf25c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011The objective this study was to monitor pesticide residues in groundwater at three different times and in seven regions producing rice in southern Brazil, in the 2007/08 season. Imazethapyr and fipronil were found in all regions studied. All groundwater samples from the Planície Costeira Interna to Lagoa dos Patos and Santa Catarina contained at least one pesticide. The lowest number of contaminated samples were detected in the Southern region. The highest frequency of contaminated samples was found after drainage of the rice fields. Only fipronil exceeded limits of potability, in 27% of samples, according European Community criteria

Ocorrência de agrotóxicos em águas subterrâneas de áreas adjacentes a lavouras de arroz irrigado

The objective this study was to monitor pesticide residues in groundwater at three different times and in seven regions producing rice in southern Brazil, in the 2007/08 season. Imazethapyr and fipronil were found in all regions studied. All groundwater samples from the Planície Costeira Interna to Lagoa dos Patos and Santa Catarina contained at least one pesticide. The lowest number of contaminated samples were detected in the Southern region. The highest frequency of contaminated samples was found after drainage of the rice fields. Only fipronil exceeded limits of potability, in 27% of samples, according European Community criteria

A SINGLE LOW-LEVEL LASER APPLICATION REDUCES MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION SIZE, IMPROVES CARDIAC PERFORMANCE AND ATTENUATES APOPTOSIS IN REMOTE MYOCARDIUM

Nove de Julho Univ, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Inst Heart, Rua Botucatu 862, BR-04023062 Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Inst Heart, Rua Botucatu 862, BR-04023062 Sao Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Residues of pesticides in the water of the Depression Central rivers in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Submitted by Paula Gautério ([email protected]) on 2014-02-15T14:50:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Resíduos de agrotóxicos na água de rios da Depressão Central do Estado do Rio Grande.pdf: 144742 bytes, checksum: 8cb42f6970d48f653566da85b0000e37 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by cristiane soares ([email protected]) on 2014-02-21T19:48:49Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Resíduos de agrotóxicos na água de rios da Depressão Central do Estado do Rio Grande.pdf: 144742 bytes, checksum: 8cb42f6970d48f653566da85b0000e37 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2014-02-21T19:48:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Resíduos de agrotóxicos na água de rios da Depressão Central do Estado do Rio Grande.pdf: 144742 bytes, checksum: 8cb42f6970d48f653566da85b0000e37 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010A atividade orizícola é conduzida com uso intensivo de agrotóxicos, os quais, dependendo do manejo e das precipitações pluviais, podem chegar até os rios. O objetivo do trabalho foi determinar resíduos dos herbicidas clomazona, quincloraque, propanil, bentazona, 2,4-D e imazethapyr e dos inseticidas carbofurano e fipronil nos rios Vacacaí e Vacacaí- Mirim, situados na Depressão Central do Rio Grande do Sul, nas safras de 2003/04 a 2007/08, com coletas realizadas de novembro a fevereiro (cultivo do arroz). As análises dos herbicidas e do carbofurano foram realizadas por HPLC-DAD, e a análise do fipronil foi realizada por GC-ECD. Na safra 2003/04, em ambos os rios, os herbicidas clomazona, 2,4-D e propanil foram os mais frequentes nas amostras de água. Na safra 2004/05, o quincloraque foi detectado em maior número de amostras, já nas safras 2005/06 e 2006/07 fipronil foi o agrotóxico mais frequente nas amostras nos rios Vacacaí e Vacacaí-Mirim. Na safra de 2007/08, houve menor presença de resíduos de agrotóxicos nos rios Vacacaí e Vacacaí-Mirim. Há presença de agrotóxicos utilizados na lavoura de arroz nos rios Vacacaí e Vacacaí-Mirim durante o período de cultivo de arroz irrigado, destacando-se, entre os analisados, os herbicidas clomazona e quincloraque e o inseticida fipronil.The rice-growing activity is conducted out with intensive use of agrochemicals, which, depending on the management and rainfall can reach rivers. The study aimed to determine the residues of herbicides clomazone, quinclorac, propanil, bentazone, 2,4-D and imazethapyr and insecticides carbofuran and fipronil in the Vacacaí and Vacacaí-Mirim rivers, located in the Central Depression of Rio Grande do Sul, in the crop of 2003/04 untill 2007/08. Samples were collected from November to February (rice growing season). Analysis of herbicides and carbofuran were performed by HPLC-DAD and fipronil by GC-ECD. During 2003/04, in both rivers, the herbicide clomazone, 2,4-D and propanil were the most frequent in water samples. In 2004/05, the quinclorac was detected in many samples and in 2005/06 and 2006/07 season’s fipronil was the most common pesticide in the samples in Vacacaí and Vacacaí-Mirim rivers. In the 2007/08 crop, there were less residues of pesticides in Vacacaí and Vacacaí-Mirim rivers. There is presence of pesticides used in rice farming in the Vacacaí and Vacacaí-Mirim rivers during the rice crop, especially among those analyzed, the herbicides clomazone and quinclorac and the insecticide fipronil

Resíduos de agrotóxicos na água de rios da Depressão Central do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

A atividade orizícola é conduzida com uso intensivo de agrotóxicos, os quais, dependendo do manejo e das precipitações pluviais, podem chegar até os rios. O objetivo do trabalho foi determinar resíduos dos herbicidas clomazona, quincloraque, propanil, bentazona, 2,4-D e imazethapyr e dos inseticidas carbofurano e fipronil nos rios Vacacaí e Vacacaí- Mirim, situados na Depressão Central do Rio Grande do Sul, nas safras de 2003/04 a 2007/08, com coletas realizadas de novembro a fevereiro (cultivo do arroz). As análises dos herbicidas e do carbofurano foram realizadas por HPLC-DAD, e a análise do fipronil foi realizada por GC-ECD. Na safra 2003/04, em ambos os rios, os herbicidas clomazona, 2,4-D e propanil foram os mais frequentes nas amostras de água. Na safra 2004/05, o quincloraque foi detectado em maior número de amostras, já nas safras 2005/06 e 2006/07 fipronil foi o agrotóxico mais frequente nas amostras nos rios Vacacaí e Vacacaí-Mirim. Na safra de 2007/08, houve menor presença de resíduos de agrotóxicos nos rios Vacacaí e Vacacaí-Mirim. Há presença de agrotóxicos utilizados na lavoura de arroz nos rios Vacacaí e Vacacaí-Mirim durante o período de cultivo de arroz irrigado, destacando-se, entre os analisados, os herbicidas clomazona e quincloraque e o inseticida fipronil.The rice-growing activity is conducted out with intensive use of agrochemicals, which, depending on the management and rainfall can reach rivers. The study aimed to determine the residues of herbicides clomazone, quinclorac, propanil, bentazone, 2,4-D and imazethapyr and insecticides carbofuran and fipronil in the Vacacaí and Vacacaí-Mirim rivers, located in the Central Depression of Rio Grande do Sul, in the crop of 2003/04 untill 2007/08. Samples were collected from November to February (rice growing season). Analysis of herbicides and carbofuran were performed by HPLC-DAD and fipronil by GC-ECD. During 2003/04, in both rivers, the herbicide clomazone, 2,4-D and propanil were the most frequent in water samples. In 2004/05, the quinclorac was detected in many samples and in 2005/06 and 2006/07 season’s fipronil was the most common pesticide in the samples in Vacacaí and Vacacaí-Mirim rivers. In the 2007/08 crop, there were less residues of pesticides in Vacacaí and Vacacaí-Mirim rivers. There is presence of pesticides used in rice farming in the Vacacaí and Vacacaí-Mirim rivers during the rice crop, especially among those analyzed, the herbicides clomazone and quinclorac and the insecticide fipronil

Resíduos de agrotóxicos na água de rios da Depressão Central do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil Residues of pesticides in the water of the Depression Central rivers in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

A atividade orizícola é conduzida com uso intensivo de agrotóxicos, os quais, dependendo do manejo e das precipitações pluviais, podem chegar até os rios. O objetivo do trabalho foi determinar resíduos dos herbicidas clomazona, quincloraque, propanil, bentazona, 2,4-D e imazethapyr e dos inseticidas carbofurano e fipronil nos rios Vacacaí e Vacacaí-Mirim, situados na Depressão Central do Rio Grande do Sul, nas safras de 2003/04 a 2007/08, com coletas realizadas de novembro a fevereiro (cultivo do arroz). As análises dos herbicidas e do carbofurano foram realizadas por HPLC-DAD, e a análise do fipronil foi realizada por GC-ECD. Na safra 2003/04, em ambos os rios, os herbicidas clomazona, 2,4-D e propanil foram os mais frequentes nas amostras de água. Na safra 2004/05, o quincloraque foi detectado em maior número de amostras, já nas safras 2005/06 e 2006/07 fipronil foi o agrotóxico mais frequente nas amostras nos rios Vacacaí e Vacacaí-Mirim. Na safra de 2007/08, houve menor presença de resíduos de agrotóxicos nos rios Vacacaí e Vacacaí-Mirim. Há presença de agrotóxicos utilizados na lavoura de arroz nos rios Vacacaí e Vacacaí-Mirim durante o período de cultivo de arroz irrigado, destacando-se, entre os analisados, os herbicidas clomazona e quincloraque e o inseticida fipronil.<br>The rice-growing activity is conducted out with intensive use of agrochemicals, which, depending on the management and rainfall can reach rivers. The study aimed to determine the residues of herbicides clomazone, quinclorac, propanil, bentazone, 2,4-D and imazethapyr and insecticides carbofuran and fipronil in the Vacacaí and Vacacaí-Mirim rivers, located in the Central Depression of Rio Grande do Sul, in the crop of 2003/04 untill 2007/08. Samples were collected from November to February (rice growing season). Analysis of herbicides and carbofuran were performed by HPLC-DAD and fipronil by GC-ECD. During 2003/04, in both rivers, the herbicide clomazone, 2,4-D and propanil were the most frequent in water samples. In 2004/05, the quinclorac was detected in many samples and in 2005/06 and 2006/07 season's fipronil was the most common pesticide in the samples in Vacacaí and Vacacaí-Mirim rivers. In the 2007/08 crop, there were less residues of pesticides in Vacacaí and Vacacaí-Mirim rivers. There is presence of pesticides used in rice farming in the Vacacaí and Vacacaí-Mirim rivers during the rice crop, especially among those analyzed, the herbicides clomazone and quinclorac and the insecticide fipronil