Banff Bear DNA Data

Microsatellite data for 105 black bears and 134 grizzly bears detected in Banff National Park. Excel file contains 3 worksheets (description, black bear data, grizzly bear data

Per marten, top: the utilization distribution of marten highway crossing locations within 200 m from the highway (UD_cross).

<p>Bottom: the observed probability of crossing the highway at each road segment (UD_cross at highway location; solid line). Grey areas represent the 5–95% percentile envelope of reference from the simulated datasets. White (black) arrows indicate highway segments with higher (lower) use than expected. Points indicate road passage location. For each marten, the highway segment in the upper-half of the figure is projected in the X axis from the bottom picture.</p

Sex-specific per session capture probability estimates for grizzly and black bears at hair traps and bear rubs in the Bow Valley of Banff National Park, Alberta, Canada.

<p>Capture probabilities from (A) grizzly bears at hair traps, (B) black bears at hair traps, and (C) grizzly bears at bear rubs. We derived model-averaged estimates from closed population models for grizzly bears (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0034777#pone.0034777.s003" target="_blank">Table S2</a>) and black bears (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0034777#pone.0034777.s004" target="_blank">Table S3</a>). Error bars represent model averaged estimates of standard error.</p

Left column: the utilization distributions (UDs, from biased random bridges) of tracked martens with increasing shading indicating increasing use intensity.

<p>Marten home-ranges were computed as the 95% isopleth of the UDs. Middle and right columns: black areas suggest areas where martens spent more and less time than expected by chance (95% or 5% of simulations), respectively. The highway is shown in each plot by the dotted line. Images are scaled (among martens). Individuals are sorted by whether they crossed the highway (F1, F3, M1 and M4) or not (F2, F5 and F7).</p

Total minimum counts and model-averaged estimates of black bear abundance in the Bow Valley of Banff National Park, Alberta, Canada, in 2006 and 2008.

*<p>13 black bear samples from 6 hair traps were not analyzed in 2006.</p

Total minimum counts and model-averaged estimates of grizzly bear abundance in the Bow Valley of Banff National Park, Alberta, Canada, in 2006 and 2008.

<p>Total minimum counts and model-averaged estimates of grizzly bear abundance in the Bow Valley of Banff National Park, Alberta, Canada, in 2006 and 2008.</p

Bear hair trap results from the Bow Valley of Banff National Park, Alberta, Canada; we conducted hair trapping 25 May – 16 August 2006 and 28 May – 18 August 2008 for five 14-day sessions per year.

a<p>Hair traps were checked and moved every 13–15 days;  = 13.8 days, SD = 1.0 in 2006 and  = 14.0 days, SD = 0.7 in 2007.</p>b<p>Of those hair traps that had ≥1 bear hair sample.</p

Summary data for each marten considered in the present study.

<p>Summary data for each marten considered in the present study.</p

Estimates of abundance derived from Pradel robust design open population models for grizzly bears in the Bow Valley of Banff National Park, Alberta, Canada.

<p>Estimates were obtained using three years of bear rub data collected between 2006 and 2008. We derived model averaged estimates from most supported models (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0034777#pone.0034777.s005" target="_blank">Table S4</a>). Error bars represent model averaged estimates of standard error.</p

A: Highway A6 in southern Portugal and its crossing structures (squares - culverts, circles - under/over passages), land covers, and marten home range areas (white lines).

<p>B: Duration (2008–2009) of tracking nights for each marten (each bar is one night) with “LC” indicating loss of contact and “WVC” indicating a confirmed WVC (corpse recovered). Apparent home range overlap of F1 with M1 and M4, and F5 with F7 correspond to distinct periods.</p