Factors Affecting the Price of Turkeys and Their Usefulness in Decision Making by Utah Turkey Producers

Production of turkeys in Utah has had a rapid growth since its beginning a few decades ago. In 1929 there were only 226,000 birds sold by Utah producers and in 1960 there were 2,798,000 birds sold. Over this 31 year period of time production has increased 12 times

Ibw Pemberdayaan Petani melalui Pengembangan Sistem Pertanian Terpadu dalam Mendukung Kemandirian Desa di Kecamatan Siniu Kabupaten Parigi Moutong

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat di Kecamatan Siniu Kabupaten Parigi Moutong ini bertujuan untuk:  mendorong masyarakat dalam memanfaatkan potensi SDA yang dimiliki secara baik dan arif untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraannya melalui pengembangan USAha sitem pertanian terpadu tanaman dan ternak. Ternak yang selama ini dibiarkan berkeliaran bebas dijalanan  dibuatkan kandang ternak. Pengandangan ini memungkinkan untuk mengumpulkan kotoran ternak yang akan diolah menjadi pupuk organik untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pupuk tanaman. Sebaliknya, limbah pertanian dimanfaatkan sebagai pakan ternak. Selain itu, pakan ternak juga disiapkan melalui penanaman hijauan pakan. Untuk itu telah dilakukan penyuluhan bidang pertanian dan peternakan, praktek pembuatan pupuk organik dan pestisida biologi serta penanaman hijauan pakan ternak. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di Desa Silanga dan Desa Marantale Kecamatan Siniu Kabupaten Parigi Moutong sebagai desa binaan. Pembuatan demplot hijauan pakan ternak dilaksanakan pada areal kosong atau dibawah tegakan pohon kelapa. Kegiatan ini mendapat dukungan penuh dari aparat desa dan pemerintah kabupaten Parigi Moutong

Status Keberlanjutan Sistem Pengembangan Penyuluhan Perikanan Era Desentralisasi di Indonesia

This examination forwarded to identify the kind of atributes that reflecting the fisheries exten-sion development and analizing the fisheries present status in some region in Indonesia. Data collecting method implemented during the field survey process, and also literature tracement as the secondary date. This study employs the multi dimensional scaling for the analizing method as the examination of the fisheries present status. Based on the result we know that the sustainability sta-tus of fisheries extension system in decentralize circumstance majority in sustainable condition, except on equipment dimension

Profiling microRNAs in lung tissue from pigs infected with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-protein-coding genes that play a crucial regulatory role in mammalian development and disease. Whereas a large number of miRNAs have been annotated at the structural level during the latest years, functional annotation is sparse. <it>Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae</it> (APP) causes serious lung infections in pigs. Severe damage to the lungs, in many cases deadly, is caused by toxins released by the bacterium and to some degree by host mediated tissue damage. However, understanding of the role of microRNAs in the course of this infectious disease in porcine is still very limited.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In this study, the RNA extracted from visually unaffected and necrotic tissue from pigs infected with <it>Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae</it> was subjected to small RNA deep sequencing. We identified 169 conserved and 11 candidate novel microRNAs in the pig. Of these, 17 were significantly up-regulated in the necrotic sample and 12 were down-regulated. The expression analysis of a number of candidates revealed microRNAs of potential importance in the innate immune response. MiR-155, a known key player in inflammation, was found expressed in both samples. Moreover, miR-664-5p, miR-451 and miR-15a appear as very promising candidates for microRNAs involved in response to pathogen infection.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>This is the first study revealing significant differences in composition and expression profiles of miRNAs in lungs infected with a bacterial pathogen. Our results extend annotation of microRNA in pig and provide insight into the role of a number of microRNAs in regulation of bacteria induced immune and inflammatory response in porcine lung.</p

Supplemental oxygen strategies in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia after the neonatal intensive care unit period:study protocol for a randomised controlled trial (SOS BPD study)

Introduction Supplemental oxygen is the most important treatment for preterm born infants with established bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). However, it is unknown what oxygen saturation levels are optimal to improve outcomes in infants with established BPD from 36 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA) onwards. The aim of this study is to compare the use of a higher oxygen saturation limit (≥95%) to a lower oxygen saturation limit (≥90%) after 36 weeks PMA in infants diagnosed with moderate or severe BPD. Methods and analysis This non-blinded, multicentre, randomised controlled trial will recruit 198 preterm born infants with moderate or severe BPD between 36 and 38 weeks PMA. Infants will be randomised to either a lower oxygen saturation limit of 95% or to a lower limit of 90%; supplemental oxygen and/or respiratory support will be weaned based on the assigned lower oxygen saturation limit. Adherence to the oxygen saturation limit will be assessed by extracting oxygen saturation profiles from pulse oximeters regularly, until respiratory support is stopped. The primary outcome is the weight SD score at 6 months of corrected age. Secondary outcomes include anthropometrics collected at 6 and 12 months of corrected age, rehospitalisations, respiratory complaints, infant stress, parental quality of life and cost-effectiveness. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval for the trial was obtained from the Medical Ethics Review Committee of the Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (MEC-2018-1515). Local approval for conducting the trial in the participating hospitals has been or will be obtained from the local institutional review boards. Informed consent will be obtained from the parents or legal guardians of all study participants

Potato tuber pectin structure is influenced by pectin methyl esterase activity and impacts on cooked potato texture

Although cooked potato tuber texture is an important trait that influences consumer preference, a detailed understanding of tuber textural properties at the molecular level is lacking. Previous work has identified tuber pectin methyl esterase activity (PME) as a potential factor impacting on textural properties. In this study, tuber PME isoform and gene expression profiles have been determined in potato germplasm with differing textural properties as assessed using an amended wedge fracture method and a sloughing assay, revealing major differences between the potato types. Differences in pectin structure between potato types with different textural properties were revealed using monoclonal antibodies specific for different pectic epitopes. Chemical analysis of tuber pectin clearly demonstrated that, in tubers containing a higher level of total PME activity, there was a reduced degree of methylation of cell wall pectin and consistently higher peak force and work done values during the fracture of cooked tuber samples, demonstrating the link between PME activity, the degree of methylation of cell wall pectin, and cooked tuber textural properties

Cross-species high-resolution transcriptome profiling suggests biomarkers and therapeutic targets for ulcerative colitis

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a disorder with unknown etiology, and animal models play an essential role in studying its molecular pathophysiology. Here, we aim to identify common conserved pathological UC-related gene expression signatures between humans and mice that can be used as treatment targets and/or biomarker candidates.Methods: To identify differentially regulated protein-coding genes and non-coding RNAs, we sequenced total RNA from the colon and blood of the most widely used dextran sodium sulfate Ulcerative colitis mouse. By combining this with public human Ulcerative colitis data, we investigated conserved gene expression signatures and pathways/biological processes through which these genes may contribute to disease development/progression.Results: Cross-species integration of human and mouse Ulcerative colitis data resulted in the identification of 1442 genes that were significantly differentially regulated in the same direction in the colon and 157 in blood. Of these, 51 genes showed consistent differential regulation in the colon and blood. Less known genes with importance in disease pathogenesis, including SPI1, FPR2, TYROBP, CKAP4, MCEMP1, ADGRG3, SLC11A1, and SELPLG, were identified through network centrality ranking and validated in independent human and mouse cohorts.Conclusion: The identified Ulcerative colitis conserved transcriptional signatures aid in the disease phenotyping and future treatment decisions, drug discovery, and clinical trial design