10 research outputs found
Π‘ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠΎ-, ΠΌΠ΅Π·ΠΎ- ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΡΡΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π° (Π§ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅) Π² ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ° Π² ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ 2016 Π³.
ΠΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ Π§ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΡΡ, ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ Ρ 1990-Ρ
Π³Π³., ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΈΠΏΠ΅Π»Π°Π³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΡ
Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ±, Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½Π°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅. Π ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΎΠ³Π΅ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π·Π²Π΅Π½ΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΈ Π² ΡΠΏΠΈΠΏΠ΅Π»Π°Π³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ
, ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΡΡΠ±, ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΠΈ Π² Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ
ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡ
Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π‘ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π°, ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½Π° Π² ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ 2016 Π³. (89-ΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡ ΠΠΠ‘ Β«ΠΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡ ΠΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΊΠΈΠΉΒ», 30 ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ±ΡΡ β 19 ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ±ΡΡ) Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΡ
Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ
Π§ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΡΡ Ρ ΠΡΡΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΠΊΡΠ° ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠ±, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅Π·ΠΎ- ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½Π°. ΠΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠΎ- ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π° β Π Π°ΡΡΠ° (ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄Ρ Π²Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠΈΡ β 0,5 ΠΌΒ²; ΡΡΠ΅Ρ β 300 ΠΌΠΊΠΌ) ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡ Π΄Π½Π° Π΄ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΡ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ½Π΅ΠΉ Π³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΡ Π² Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ. ΠΡ
ΡΠΈΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ 4%-Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌ, ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ β Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ
Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ ΡΡΠ±. ΠΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠΎ-, ΠΌΠ΅Π·ΠΎ- ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½Π°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ ΡΡΠ± Π§ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΡΡ Ρ ΠΡΡΠΌΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π° Π² ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ 2016 Π³. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΡΡΡΠΌΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π» Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Π΅ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ½Π°. ΠΡ
ΡΠΈΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½ Π±ΡΠ» ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ 9 Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈ 6 Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ±. Π‘ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΠΊΡΡ ΡΡΠ± ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ»Π° 2,92, Π° Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ β 3,56 ΡΠΊΠ·.Β·ΠΌβ2. ΠΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠ°Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Ρ (30 %) ΠΌΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠΊΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ
Π°ΠΌΡΡ Engraulis encrasicolus, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π΅Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ Π² ΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°. ΠΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ° Π·ΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π»Π° Π² Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠ° ΠΊ Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΉΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌ. ΠΠ΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Π»ΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠ΅, ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ Π·Π΄Π΅ΡΡ Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ ΡΡΠ±. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ
-ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°Π³ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ 2016 Π³., ΠΈΡ
Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡ Π§ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΡΡ, ΠΏΠΎ-Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΌΡ, ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ Π½Π΅ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ
Trophic Relationships and Food Supply of Heterotrophic Animals in the Pelagic Ecosystem of the Black Sea
During recent decades, the Black Sea has been affected by many negative factors that strongly changed the condition of its ecosystem. Especially trophic relationships in the Black Sea pelagic system became very vulnerable influencing the food supply, productivity and abundance of many species and populations of this marine basin. Food is one of most important link between biota and its environment. In this monograph, the role and variability of trophodynamic processes that effect the well-being (health) of main heterotrophic components of ecosystem were analysed in detail for a few key species as indicators for estimation of ecosystem condition in whole. These are most significant mass species of the Black Sea pelagic ecosystem. Among copepods this is Calanus euxinus that dominates the mesozooplankton which makes up the fodder base of planktivorous fishes. Among gelatinous these are medusa Aurelia aurita and the alien ctenophores Mnemiopsis leidyi and Beroe ovata which affected strongly mesozooplankton composition. Lastly among fishes the anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus ponticus and sprat Sprattus sprattus phalericus that dominate small pelagic fishery. We considered in this monograph: β’ Diel feeding behaviour, in situ feeding rate of Calanus euxinus and impact of mesozooplankton on primary production and phytoplankton biomass. β’ The effect of vertical migrations on energy budget and its components in C. euxinus; metabolic substrates used in catabolic processes under both aerobic and hypoxic conditions, the role of reserve lipids and effect of abiotic factors on individual growth and population structure of this species. β’ The intensity and efficiency of ingestion and energy transformation in three gelatinous species ( jellyfish Aurelia aurita, ctenophores Mnemiopsis leidyi and Beroe ovata) and their predatory impact on zooplankton community. β’ Nutritional condition and food supply of anchovy and sprat in the close interaction with natural biotic and abiotic and anthropogenic factors. β’ Tendencies in this interaction during long time space: since 1960 s till present years. β’ Estimation of population condition of these species and its long-term change. This monograph is the collective work of Ukrainian and Turkish scientists studying complex hydrobiological problems of the Black Sea. Its aim is to reveal the significance of nutritional factors on the ecology of Black Sea biota, including changes which have already occurred, as well as offering some insight into changes that may happen in the future. Our joint investigations started in the first half of the 1990s, when conditions for the close cooperation of researchers from the two countries were suitable after the collapse of the Soviet era. This spirit continues to the present day. Professor Γmit Unluata, Director of Erdemli Institute of Marine Sciences (Middle East Technical University, Ankara) was of paramount importance in organising and fostering the work undertaken. We would like to devote this monograph to the memory of him, who died so prematurely. We are also grateful to Academician Professor V. N. Eremeev, Director of the Sevastopol Institute of Biology of the Southern Sea (National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine), and to the directors of Erdemli Institute of Marine Sciences (Professor Ilkay Salihoglu, Professor Sukru Besiktepe and Professor Ferit Bingel) who also made significant contributions to the UkrainianβTurkish collaboration. We are grateful to Dr Bill Parr from the Black Sea Ecosystem Recovery Project for his valuable efforts in improving earlier drafts. All these investigations were carried out within the framework of the following five NATO linkage-grants: β’ Pelagic animal food supply in the unstable Black Sea environment, β’ Will the new alien ctenophore Beroe ovata control the plankton community in the Black Sea? β’ Grazing, growth and production of Calanus euxinus in the Black Sea, β’ Bioindicators for assessment of Black Sea ecosystem recovery, β’ Adaptability and vulnerability of marine species in changing environments. And four TUBITAK - NASU joint projects: β’ Quantification of the recent ctenophore invader Beroe ovata impact in the Black Sea β’ Monitoring of the Black Sea anchovy and sprat, β’ Salinity tolerance as a key factor of invasion success of the copepods of Calanus genus into the Sea of Marmara, β’ Salinity tolerance as a key factor of invasion success of the mesozooplankton species into the Sea of Marmara. We hope that this publication will make a substantial contribution to future studies of the Black Sea ecosystem and offers further understanding of those features regulating biological processes in this unique marine basin
Alternative conditions of mass appearance of the scyphozoan jellyfish, <i>Aurelia aurita</i> (Linnaeus, 1758), and the ctenophore, <i>Pleurobrachia pileus</i> (O.F. Muller, 1776), in plankton of the Black Sea
Aim.Β The aim of the study is to find out what external factors may be the driving force behind the growth and population dynamics of two ecologically similar species of gelatinous macroplankton (scyphomedusaΒ Aurelia auritaΒ and ctenophoreΒ Pleurobrachia pileus), which play an important role in the functioning of the pelagic ecosystem of the Black Sea.Material and Methods.Β The state of zooplankton populations was estimated by data obtained in 2000β2014 in the outer shelf of Sevastopol Bay, where monthly quantitative samples of mesoβΒ and macroplankton were taken 2 miles of the coast (depth 50β70 m). Weather and hydrology related changes were assessed using open databases.Results.Β It was been established that sizeβspecific growth rate of these species depends on weather and hydrological conditions in the winterβspring months and varies from 0.85 to 1.02% dayβ1Β and from 0.27 to 0.47% dayβ1Β forΒ A. auritaΒ andΒ P. pileus, respectively.Conclusions.Β External factors unequally affect the growth of these species. SubβΒ latitudinal transit of warm air masses, accompanied by increased river flow and seawater circulation, activates the growth of the ctenophore, while subβmeridional propagation of cold and dry air increases the growth rate of the jellyfish. In both cases, somatic growth is influenced by trophic relations, differing depending on the weather in FebruaryβMay. The changes in growth of ctenophore occur in parallel with synchronous variations in biomass of crustacea, while that in jellyfish may relate to an abundance of microplankton and its mesoplanktonic consumers
Black Sea Experiment BSEX
Experienced teams in several of the Black Sea regions designed a specialised study with emphasis on addressing MSFD descriptors, which demand more detailed investigations. By making use of experimental investigations or process models the BSEX team mainly aims to address 3 defined hot topics; eutrophication, invasive ctenophores, anchovy spawning areas. During the BSEX 2013 joint cruises the level of eutrophication and distribution of phytoplankton, zooplankton and impact of gelatinous zooplankton is studied and changes in the phytoplankton composition are addressed with respect to decreased concentrations of certain micronutrients (such as silica and phosphorus). Temporal levels in the concentration of invasive ctenophores and their impact on native zooplankton and especially on fish are updated. Modern spawning areas most abundant fish is investigated by sampling eggs and larvae of anchovy during the peak spawning seasons
Black Sea Experiment (BSEX)
Trabajo presentado en el 2nd Scientific Workshop PERSEUS, celebrado en Marrakesh del 2 al 4 de diciembre de 2014.Experienced teams in several of the Black Sea regions designed a specialised study with emphasis on addressing MSFD descriptors, which demand more detailed investigations. By making use of experimental investigations or process models the BSEX team mainly aims to address 3 defined hot topics; eutrophication, invasive ctenophores, anchovy spawning areas.
During the BSEX 2013 joint cruises the level of eutrophication and distribution of phytoplankton, zooplankton and impact of gelatinous zooplankton is studied and changes in the phytoplankton composition are addressed with respect to decreased concentrations of certain micronutrients (such as silica and phosphorus). Temporal levels in the concentration of invasive ctenophores and their impact on native zooplankton and especially on fish are updated. Modern spawning areas most abundant fish is investigated by sampling eggs and larvae of anchovy during the peak spawning seasons.N