51 research outputs found

    CompaGB: An open framework for genome browsers comparison

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    <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Tools to visualize and explore genomes hold a central place in genomics and the diversity of genome browsers has increased dramatically over the last few years. It often turns out to be a daunting task to compare and choose a well-adapted genome browser, as multidisciplinary knowledge is required to carry out this task and the number of tools, functionalities and features are overwhelming.</p> <p>Findings</p> <p>To assist in this task, we propose a community-based framework based on two cornerstones: (i) the implementation of industry promoted software qualification method (QSOS) adapted for genome browser evaluations, and (ii) a web resource providing numerous facilities either for visualizing comparisons or performing new evaluations. We formulated 60 criteria specifically for genome browsers, and incorporated another 65 directly from QSOS's generic section. Those criteria aim to answer versatile needs, ranging from a biologist whose interest primarily lies into user-friendly and informative functionalities, a bioinformatician who wants to integrate the genome browser into a wider framework, or a computer scientist who might choose a software according to more technical features. We developed a dedicated web application to enrich the existing QSOS functionalities (weighting of criteria, user profile) with features of interest to a community-based framework: easy management of evolving data, user comments...</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The framework is available at <url>http://genome.jouy.inra.fr/CompaGB</url>. It is open to anyone who wishes to participate in the evaluations. It helps the scientific community to (1) choose a genome browser that would better fit their particular project, (2) visualize features comparatively with easily accessible formats, such as tables or radar plots and (3) perform their own evaluation against the defined criteria. To illustrate the CompaGB functionalities, we have evaluated seven genome browsers according to the implemented methodology. A summary of the features of the compared genome browsers is presented and discussed.</p

    Expressed sequences tags of the anther smut fungus, Microbotryum violaceum, identify mating and pathogenicity genes

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    <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The basidiomycete fungus <it>Microbotryum violaceum </it>is responsible for the anther-smut disease in many plants of the Caryophyllaceae family and is a model in genetics and evolutionary biology. Infection is initiated by dikaryotic hyphae produced after the conjugation of two haploid sporidia of opposite mating type. This study describes <it>M. violaceum </it>ESTs corresponding to nuclear genes expressed during conjugation and early hyphal production.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A normalized cDNA library generated 24,128 sequences, which were assembled into 7,765 unique genes; 25.2% of them displayed significant similarity to annotated proteins from other organisms, 74.3% a weak similarity to the same set of known proteins, and 0.5% were orphans. We identified putative pheromone receptors and genes that in other fungi are involved in the mating process. We also identified many sequences similar to genes known to be involved in pathogenicity in other fungi. The <it>M. violaceum </it>EST database, MICROBASE, is available on the Web and provides access to the sequences, assembled contigs, annotations and programs to compare similarities against MICROBASE.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This study provides a basis for cloning the mating type locus, for further investigation of pathogenicity genes in the anther smut fungi, and for comparative genomics.</p

    MOSAIC: an online database dedicated to the comparative genomics of bacterial strains at the intra-species level

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    BACKGROUND: The recent availability of complete sequences for numerous closely related bacterial genomes opens up new challenges in comparative genomics. Several methods have been developed to align complete genomes at the nucleotide level but their use and the biological interpretation of results are not straightforward. It is therefore necessary to develop new resources to access, analyze, and visualize genome comparisons. DESCRIPTION: Here we present recent developments on MOSAIC, a generalist comparative bacterial genome database. This database provides the bacteriologist community with easy access to comparisons of complete bacterial genomes at the intra-species level. The strategy we developed for comparison allows us to define two types of regions in bacterial genomes: backbone segments (i.e., regions conserved in all compared strains) and variable segments (i.e., regions that are either specific to or variable in one of the aligned genomes). Definition of these segments at the nucleotide level allows precise comparative and evolutionary analyses of both coding and non-coding regions of bacterial genomes. Such work is easily performed using the MOSAIC Web interface, which allows browsing and graphical visualization of genome comparisons. CONCLUSION: The MOSAIC database now includes 493 pairwise comparisons and 35 multiple maximal comparisons representing 78 bacterial species. Genome conserved regions (backbones) and variable segments are presented in various formats for further analysis. A graphical interface allows visualization of aligned genomes and functional annotations. The MOSAIC database is available online at http://genome.jouy.inra.fr/mosaic

    Insyght

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    Insyght (http://genome.jouy.inra.fr/Insyght) est un outil de visualisation conçu pour amĂ©liorer la lisibilitĂ© et la navigation parmi des rĂ©arrangements gĂ©nomiques complexes, des homologues et les rĂ©gions gĂ©nomiques idiosyncrasiques Ă  l'Ă©chelle de plusieurs organismes. Les nouveautĂ©s apportĂ©es par cet outil sont les suivantes : - Une vue d'organisation gĂ©nomique dont l'originalitĂ© est d'associer une reprĂ©sentation symbolique et une reprĂ©sentation proportionnelle. La reprĂ©sentation symbolique amĂ©liore la lisibilitĂ© de la rĂ©gion gĂ©nomique d'intĂ©rĂȘt, alors que la reprĂ©sentation proportionnelle permet de localiser les rĂ©arrangements gĂ©nomiques complexes, dispersĂ©s, et se produisant Ă  diffĂ©rentes Ă©chelles. - Un comparateur d'annotations fonctionnelles entre un gĂšne de rĂ©fĂ©rence et ses homologues. Les annotations fonctionnelles sont classĂ©es en 3 catĂ©gories selon leur degrĂ© de mise en commun: la catĂ©gorie [PartagĂ©es] regroupe les annotations prĂ©sentes chez le gĂšne de rĂ©fĂ©rence et au moins 1 homologue ; la catĂ©gorie [Manquantes] regroupe les annotations prĂ©sentes chez au moins 1 homologue mais absentes chez le gĂšne de rĂ©fĂ©rence ; la catĂ©gorie [Unique] regroupe les annotations prĂ©sentes chez le gĂšne de rĂ©fĂ©rence et absentes parmi les homologues. Ce comparateur s'appuie sur une annotation fonctionnelle basĂ©e sur l’ontologie fonctionnelle Gene Ontology. Par ailleurs, Insyght propose des amĂ©liorations par rapport aux outils existants concernant les points suivants: - Un jeu de gĂšnes d'intĂ©rĂȘts peut ĂȘtre constituĂ© librement et de façon itĂ©rative via une fonctionnalitĂ© de combinaison de filtres. Les filtres peuvent ĂȘtre de diffĂ©rentes natures (coordonnĂ©e gĂ©nomique, prĂ©sence / absence d'homologue, donnĂ©e d'annotation). Il est ainsi possible de formuler des requĂȘtes ayant un sens biologique, par exemple trouver les gĂšnes niche-spĂ©cifiques correspondant Ă  un processus biologique particulier. Ce jeu de gĂšnes de rĂ©fĂ©rence peut ĂȘtre analysĂ© via une 3Ăšme vue appelĂ©e table d'orthologues qui permet de visualiser la prĂ©sence ou l'absence d'orthologues parmi plusieurs organismes simultanĂ©ment. - InteropĂ©rabilitĂ© entre les 3 vues: il est possible de transfĂ©rer un ou plusieurs gĂšnes entre les vues. Nous pensons que cette reprĂ©sentation et ces fonctionnalitĂ©s innovantes peuvent aider les biologistes Ă  analyser plus rapidement et de façon plus exhaustive les syntĂ©nies, les rĂ©gions gĂ©nomiques idiosyncrasiques et les homologues. Notre base de donnĂ©es publique contient actuellement 389 gĂ©nomes procaryotes et est accessible Ă  l'adresse http://genome.jouy.inra.fr/Insyght. Une machine virtuelle peut ĂȘtre tĂ©lĂ©chargĂ©e et installĂ©e localement pour rĂ©aliser l'analyse de gĂ©nomes privĂ©s avec un petit groupe de gĂ©nomes choisis par l'utilisateur (~20-40 gĂ©nomes)

    INSYGT : a multi-genes multi-genomes browser that highlights synteny conservation in prokaryotes.

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    National audienceWe have developed a web application to explore synteny conservation in prokaryotes : INSYGT (INteractive SYnteny Graphics and Tools). Its graphic interfaces features AJAX web development techniques. ORIGAMI, a relational database on gene context conservation, is used as a back-end. INSYGT is aimed to be integrated as a tool for the genome annotation system AGMIAL [1]

    Evaluating Genome Browsers Using a Software Qualification Method Evaluation

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    National audienceBackground: Because Genome Browsers (GBs) hold a central place in genomic projects, the diversity of tools available to scientists for visualizing and exploring genomes has increased dramatically over the last years. It often turns out to be a daunting task to compare and choose a well-adapted GB, as multidisciplinary knowledge is required to carry out this task and the number of tools, functionalities and features are overwhelming. To help the interested community making informed choices, there is an urgent need to apply and adapt standard software evaluation processes to bioinformatics tool families, such as GBs. Results: We have implemented an industry promoted software qualification method, QSOS, to evaluate many of the available GBs using more than 120 criteria. We have defined about half of those criteria specifically for GBs, and incorporated the other half directly from QSOS’s generic section. We have evaluated six GBs according to this methodology and present here a subset of our results organized according to three different user profiles: a biologist whose interest primarily lies into user-friendly and informative functionalities, a bioinformatician who wants facilities to integrate the GB into a wider framework, and a computer scientist who might choose a GB according to more technical features, for instance the possibility of developing a customized version by modifying the source code. Conclusions: A website is publicly available at the URL http://genome.jouy.inra.fr/CompaGB. It offers a dedicated framework for GBs evaluation and comparison. It has been set up to help scientists to (1) choose GBs that would better fit their particular project, (2) visualize GBs features comparatively with easily accessible formats, such as tables or radar plots and (3) perform their own evaluation against the defined criteria

    Evaluating Genome Browsers Using a Software Qualification Method Evaluation

    No full text
    National audienceBackground: Because Genome Browsers (GBs) hold a central place in genomic projects, the diversity of tools available to scientists for visualizing and exploring genomes has increased dramatically over the last years. It often turns out to be a daunting task to compare and choose a well-adapted GB, as multidisciplinary knowledge is required to carry out this task and the number of tools, functionalities and features are overwhelming. To help the interested community making informed choices, there is an urgent need to apply and adapt standard software evaluation processes to bioinformatics tool families, such as GBs. Results: We have implemented an industry promoted software qualification method, QSOS, to evaluate many of the available GBs using more than 120 criteria. We have defined about half of those criteria specifically for GBs, and incorporated the other half directly from QSOS’s generic section. We have evaluated six GBs according to this methodology and present here a subset of our results organized according to three different user profiles: a biologist whose interest primarily lies into user-friendly and informative functionalities, a bioinformatician who wants facilities to integrate the GB into a wider framework, and a computer scientist who might choose a GB according to more technical features, for instance the possibility of developing a customized version by modifying the source code. Conclusions: A website is publicly available at the URL http://genome.jouy.inra.fr/CompaGB. It offers a dedicated framework for GBs evaluation and comparison. It has been set up to help scientists to (1) choose GBs that would better fit their particular project, (2) visualize GBs features comparatively with easily accessible formats, such as tables or radar plots and (3) perform their own evaluation against the defined criteria

    Insyght

    No full text
    Insyght (http://genome.jouy.inra.fr/Insyght) est un outil de visualisation conçu pour amĂ©liorer la lisibilitĂ© et la navigation parmi des rĂ©arrangements gĂ©nomiques complexes, des homologues et les rĂ©gions gĂ©nomiques idiosyncrasiques Ă  l'Ă©chelle de plusieurs organismes. Les nouveautĂ©s apportĂ©es par cet outil sont les suivantes : - Une vue d'organisation gĂ©nomique dont l'originalitĂ© est d'associer une reprĂ©sentation symbolique et une reprĂ©sentation proportionnelle. La reprĂ©sentation symbolique amĂ©liore la lisibilitĂ© de la rĂ©gion gĂ©nomique d'intĂ©rĂȘt, alors que la reprĂ©sentation proportionnelle permet de localiser les rĂ©arrangements gĂ©nomiques complexes, dispersĂ©s, et se produisant Ă  diffĂ©rentes Ă©chelles. - Un comparateur d'annotations fonctionnelles entre un gĂšne de rĂ©fĂ©rence et ses homologues. Les annotations fonctionnelles sont classĂ©es en 3 catĂ©gories selon leur degrĂ© de mise en commun: la catĂ©gorie [PartagĂ©es] regroupe les annotations prĂ©sentes chez le gĂšne de rĂ©fĂ©rence et au moins 1 homologue ; la catĂ©gorie [Manquantes] regroupe les annotations prĂ©sentes chez au moins 1 homologue mais absentes chez le gĂšne de rĂ©fĂ©rence ; la catĂ©gorie [Unique] regroupe les annotations prĂ©sentes chez le gĂšne de rĂ©fĂ©rence et absentes parmi les homologues. Ce comparateur s'appuie sur une annotation fonctionnelle basĂ©e sur l’ontologie fonctionnelle Gene Ontology. Par ailleurs, Insyght propose des amĂ©liorations par rapport aux outils existants concernant les points suivants: - Un jeu de gĂšnes d'intĂ©rĂȘts peut ĂȘtre constituĂ© librement et de façon itĂ©rative via une fonctionnalitĂ© de combinaison de filtres. Les filtres peuvent ĂȘtre de diffĂ©rentes natures (coordonnĂ©e gĂ©nomique, prĂ©sence / absence d'homologue, donnĂ©e d'annotation). Il est ainsi possible de formuler des requĂȘtes ayant un sens biologique, par exemple trouver les gĂšnes niche-spĂ©cifiques correspondant Ă  un processus biologique particulier. Ce jeu de gĂšnes de rĂ©fĂ©rence peut ĂȘtre analysĂ© via une 3Ăšme vue appelĂ©e table d'orthologues qui permet de visualiser la prĂ©sence ou l'absence d'orthologues parmi plusieurs organismes simultanĂ©ment. - InteropĂ©rabilitĂ© entre les 3 vues: il est possible de transfĂ©rer un ou plusieurs gĂšnes entre les vues. Nous pensons que cette reprĂ©sentation et ces fonctionnalitĂ©s innovantes peuvent aider les biologistes Ă  analyser plus rapidement et de façon plus exhaustive les syntĂ©nies, les rĂ©gions gĂ©nomiques idiosyncrasiques et les homologues. Notre base de donnĂ©es publique contient actuellement 389 gĂ©nomes procaryotes et est accessible Ă  l'adresse http://genome.jouy.inra.fr/Insyght. Une machine virtuelle peut ĂȘtre tĂ©lĂ©chargĂ©e et installĂ©e localement pour rĂ©aliser l'analyse de gĂ©nomes privĂ©s avec un petit groupe de gĂ©nomes choisis par l'utilisateur (~20-40 gĂ©nomes)

    Insyght: Using symbols to visualize homologies, conserved syntenies and genomic insertions across multiple genomes

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    National audienceInsyght proposes a new way to explore the landscape of conserved and idiosyncratic genomic regions across multiple genomes and their rearrangements throughout evolution. Its unique display consists of a symbolic representation tightly integrated with a proportional view. The symbols highlight a region of interest and provide legibility while the proportional view simultaneously allows grasping genomic locations and complex rearrangements scattered across the genomes and occurring at different scales. A second type of display is dedicated to the analysis of the presence, absence, or multiple copies of a given set of homologs. A functionality based on filters has been implemented to facilitate the retrieval of genes of interest and allow the formulation of relevant biological questions, such as finding niche-specific or core genome genes that match a few particular functions or biological processes. Our public dataset currently consists of 389 prokaryotes genomes. Alternatively, a virtual machine can be downloaded and installed locally to visualize private data. It contains a pre-installed version of the pipeline, database and visualisation tool. Insyght is suitable for a variety of analyses: genome-wide inference of gene function, detection of evolutionary events, phylogenetic profiling and investigation of the core genome or niche-specific genes
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