Active labour market policy effects for women in Europe - a survey

We survey the recent literature on the effects of active labor market policies on individual labor market outcomes like employment and income, for adult female individuals without work in European countries. We consider skilltraining programs, monitoring and sanctions, job search assistance, and employment subsidies. The results are remarkably uniform across studies. We relate the results to the relevant level of female labor force participation.Job search, female labor supply, wages, unemployment, schooling, training,

Active labor market policy effects for women in Europe - a survey

We survey the recent literature on the effects of active labor market policies on individual labor market outcomes like employment and income, for adult female individuals without work in European countries. We consider skill-training programs, monitoring and sanctions, job search assistance, and employment subsidies. The results are remarkably uniform across studies. We relate the results to the relevant level of female labor force participation.Job search; female labor supply; wages; unemployment; schooling; training; monitoring; participation

Development of High Throughput Screening Methods for the Automated Optimization of Inclusion Body Protein Refolding Processes

In this study robotic HTS methods for protein refolding were developed with a focus on HTS compatible analytics. Solubility was identified as a meaningful objective function during refolding processes. Measurement of protein solubility in a highly complex buffer matrix with varying protein conformations was established. A genetic algorithm in combination with DoE was used for an effective and fully automated optimization of 5 process parameters in parallel in a wide parameters space

From Giving Birth to Paid Labor: The Effects of Adult Education for Prime-Aged Mothers

Women without work after childbirth are at risk of losing their connection to the labor market. However, they may participate in adult education programs. We analyze the effect of this on the duration to work and on the wage rate, by applying conditional difference-in-differences approaches. We use Swedish matched longitudinal register data sets covering the full population. The Swedish adult education program is unprecedented in its size, and enrollment is universally available at virtually no cost. We focus on low-skilled women who have recently given birth. We take account of program accessibility, selection issues, course heterogeneity, the income received during adult education, parental leave, and child care fees. To understand the enrollment decision from the mothers' point of view, we use the estimates to calibrate a job search model.evaluation of adult education, job search model, female labor supply, wages, participation, unemployment, schooling, conditional difference-in-differences

The impact of Dutch works councils according to managers

Although works councils have, by and large, equally extensive legal rights in Germany and the Netherlands, this is the first econometric analysis that investigates the influence of Dutch works councils on firm performance. We use a nation-wide Dutch dataset with information on management’s perceptions of the works council’s impact on their firms’ efficiency and innovation. Inspired by the German study of Jirjahn and Smith (2006), we analyze which determinants influence management’s attitude toward employee participation in the Netherlands. We establish a preponderant influence emanating from the works council’s role attitude and management’s leadership style.works councils, managerial response, effectiveness, efficiency, innovation

The Effect of Active Labor Market Programs on Not-Yet Treated Unemployed Individuals

Labor market programs may affect unemployed individuals' behavior before they enroll. Such ex ante effects are hard to identify without model assumptions. We develop a novel method that relates self-reported perceived treatment rates and job-search behavioral outcomes, like the reservation wage, to each other, among newly unemployed workers. Job search theory is used to derive theoretical predictions. To deal with effect heterogeneity and selectivity, the effects of interest are estimated by propensity score matching. We apply the method to the German ALMP system, using a novel data set including self-reported assessments of the variables of interest as well as an unusually detailed amount of information on behavior, attitudes, and past outcomes. We find that the system generates a negative ex ante effect on the reservation wage and a positive effect on search effort.program evaluation, unemployment duration, expectations, search effort, reservation wage, policy evaluation, active labor market policy, identification

The Threat Effect of Participation in Active Labor Market Programs on Job Search Behavior of Migrants in Germany

Labor market programs may affect unemployed individuals' behavior before they enroll. Such ex ante effects may differ according to ethnic origin. We apply a novel method that relates self-reported perceived treatment rates and job search behavioral outcomes, such as the reservation wage or search intensity, to each other. We compare German native workers with migrants with a Turkish origin or Central and Eastern European (including Russian) background. Job search theory is used to derive theoretical predictions. We examine the omnibus ex ante effect of the German ALMP system, using the novel IZA Evaluation Data Set, which includes self-reported assessments of the variables of interest as well as an unusually detailed amount of information on behavior, attitudes and past outcomes. We find that the ex ante threat effect on the reservation wage and search effort varies considerably among the groups considered.unemployment duration, immigrants, active labor market policy, policy evaluation, reservation wage, program evaluation, expectations, search effort

The threat effect of participation in active labor market programs on job search behavior of migrants in Germany

Labor market programs may affect unemployed individuals’ behavior before they enroll. Such ex ante effects may differ according to ethnic origin. We apply a novel method that relates self-reported perceived treatment rates and job search behav­ioral outcomes, such as the reservation wage or search intensity, to each other. We compare German native workers with migrants with a Turkish origin or Central and Eastern European (including Russian) background. Job search theory is used to de­rive theoretical predictions. We examine the omnibus ex ante effect of the German ALMP system, using the novel IZA Evaluation Data Set, which includes self-reported assessments of the variables of interest as well as an unusually detailed amount of in­formation on behavior, attitudes and past outcomes. We find that the ex ante threat effect on the reservation wage and search effort varies considerably among the groups considered.Immigrants; policy evaluation; reservation wage; search effort; expectations; unemploy­ment duration; program evaluation; active labor market policy.

Das Verhalten pro- und antiinflammatorischer Interleukine im Peritonealsekret und im Plasma bei Patienten nach großen abdominalchirurgischen Eingriffen

Ziel dieser Studie war es, Parameter zu bestimmen, anhand welcher Komplikationen nach abdominalchirurgischen Eingriffen frühzeitig diagnostiziert werden können. Durch kontinuierliche Cytokinbestimmung sollte der Zusammenhang zwischen Bildungsort der Interleukine,Entwicklung einer Sepsis und Prognose derselben gezeigt werden. An der prospektiven Studie nahmen 44 Patienten teil, welche in zwei Gruppen eingeteilt wurden:Gruppe 1(N=32) bildete die Kontrollgruppe, Gruppe 2 enthielt 12 Patienten mit postoperativer Peritonitis. Täglich wurde Drainagesekret und Plasma gewonnen und mittels ELISA-Technik die Cytokinkonzentration von IL-6,IL-1ß,TNFa und CRP bestimmt. Es fanden sich zwar intraperitoneal höhere Cytokinkonzentrationen, die Bestimmung des IL-6 und CRP im Plasma ist aber der prognostisch aussagekräftigste Faktor hinsichtlich der Unterscheidung, ob bei einem Patienten ein septisches Geschehen vorliegt oder nicht