Commonly used medications and endometrial cancer survival: a population-based cohort study.

Genomic Identification of Significant Targets (GISTIC) outputs for Circular Binary Segmentation (CBS) - or Piecewise Constant Fit (PCF) - segmented input data. The number of peaks attained by GISTIC on the y-axis is plotted against the two changing parameters α for CBS and γ for PCF on the x-axis. GISTIC peaks of amplification applying CBS-segmented data are illustrated in pink and PCF-segmented data in red, respectively. Deletion peaks are colored in green for CBS-segmented input data and in blue for PCF-segmented data. From top to bottom are shown GISTIC focal peaks for breast, ovarian, endometrial, and cervical cancers, to the left for PCF-segmented input data (A, C, E, and G) and to the right for CBS-segmented input data (B, D, F and H), respectively. For further analysis are the selected α and γ highlighted with a colored square. (PDF 362 kb

Penggunaan Media Gambar Dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Permulaan Siswa Kelas I SDN Uwedaka Kecamatan Pagimana Kabupaten Banggai

Pokok permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah rendahnya tingkat kemampuan membaca permulaan siswa kelas I SDN Uwedaka dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia. Tujuan Penelitian adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan membaca permulaan siswa kelas I SDN Uwedaka Kecamatan Pagimana Kabupaten Banggai. Berdasarkan hasil observasi yang didapatkan masih terdapat beberapa siswa yang sama sekali belum bisa membaca. Pembelajaran membaca permulaan di SDN Uwedaka selama ini hanya menggunakan media pembelajaran yang konvensional yaitu dengan menggunakan papan tulis, pembelajaran yang hanya berpusat pada guru, penggunaan media dalam pembelajaran sebagai alat bantu masih sangat terbatas, hal ini menyebabkan kemampuan membaca permulaan yang masih rendah dan terlihat hampir 65% siswa masih mengalami kesulitan membaca dalam proses belajar mengajar. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Data kualitatif didapatkan dari hasil tes dan observasi siswa dan guru. data kuantitatif didapatkan dari hasil tes belajar. Desain penelitian ini mengacu pada desain oleh Kemmis dan Mc Taggart yang terdiri dari empat tahapan, yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi dan refleksi. Data dikumpulkan melalui penilaian proses dan penilaian hasil setiap akhir tindakan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam dua siklus. Pada siklus I diperoleh nilai rata-rata siswa yaitu sebesar 67 dengan ketuntasan belajar klasikal sebesar 40% serta daya serap 66,6%. Pada siklus II, nilai rata-rata meningkat menjadi 83 dengan ketuntasan klasikal sebesar 100% serta daya serap klasikal sebesar 83,3%. Bersarkan hasil penelitian maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan media gambar dapat meningkatkan kemampuan membaca permulaan terhadap siswa kelas I SDN Uwedaka Kecamatan Pagimana Kabupaten Banggai

Additional file 7: Table S5. of A systematic comparison of copy number alterations in four types of female cancer

GISTIC focal peaks for selected α (CBS) and γ (PCF) - gains and losses. Table S5 reveals the GISTIC focal peaks of the selected values in Table S4. Indicated by asterisks (*) are the joint regions between cancer types for at least two cancers displaying a common genomic region, and (n) representing the number of events in each cohort. (XLSX 37 kb

Additional file 3: Table S2. of A systematic comparison of copy number alterations in four types of female cancer

GISTIC focal peaks for simulated data – gains and losses. Table S2A exemplifies the number of focal peaks of simulation data for PCF-segmented input data to GISTIC and variable γ from 10 to 90. Table S2B represents GISTIC focal peaks of simulated data for CBS-segmented input data to GISTIC and α varied from 0.00001 to 0.1. (XLSX 10 kb

Evaluation of MetriGenix custom 4D™ arrays applied for detection of breast cancer subtypes-1

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Evaluation of MetriGenix custom 4D™ arrays applied for detection of breast cancer subtypes"</p><p>BMC Cancer 2006;6():59-59.</p><p>Published online 15 Mar 2006</p><p>PMCID:PMC1421426.</p><p>Copyright © 2006 Muggerud et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.</p>luminal tumours (group 2, pink squares). Coloured samples names represent the different subtypes previously determined using different microarray technologies: Dark blue = luminal A, light blue = luminal B, green = normal-like, red = basal-like and purple = ERBB2+. M = early breast cancer, F = locally advanced breast cancer

Evaluation of MetriGenix custom 4D™ arrays applied for detection of breast cancer subtypes-2

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Evaluation of MetriGenix custom 4D™ arrays applied for detection of breast cancer subtypes"</p><p>BMC Cancer 2006;6():59-59.</p><p>Published online 15 Mar 2006</p><p>PMCID:PMC1421426.</p><p>Copyright © 2006 Muggerud et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.</p>and B, ERBB2+ and normal-like) and blue squares indicate control samples

Linkage disequilibrium between SNPs in 3 genes from the estradiol metabolising pathway situated within 1 cM on chromosome 15: , and

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Multilocus analysis of SNP and metabolic data within a given pathway"</p><p>BMC Genomics 2006;7():5-5.</p><p>Published online 13 Jan 2006</p><p>PMCID:PMC1382210.</p><p>Copyright © 2006 Kristensen et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.</p> Samples in each row, variants in columns, high frequency allele – blue, low frequency allele- yellow . LD was observed between the 3 SNPs in the 3'UTR of and 2 SNPs in and the variant allele of with one SNP in CYP19 and another in , bold in panel . D', R and Fisher exact test values for all 8 SNPs in this chromosomal area (Site 1–8) are given in panel and Fisher exact test results in colour diagram – blue approximating 0.00. Individuals carrying these haplotypes had more often estradiol levels above median

Association of N‑Glycosylation with Breast Carcinoma and Systemic Features Using High-Resolution Quantitative UPLC

An improved separation of the human serum N-glycome using hydrophilic interaction chromatography technology with UPLC is described, where more than 140 N-glycans were assigned. Using this technique, serum samples from 107 healthy controls and 62 newly diagnosed breast cancer patients were profiled. The most statistically significant alterations were observed in cancer patients compared with healthy controls: an increase in sialylation, branching, and outer-arm fucosylation and a decrease in high-mannosylated and biantennary core-fucosylated glycans. In the controls and cases combined systemic features were analyzed; serum estradiol was associated with increase in digalactosylated glycans, and higher mammographic density was associated with increase in biantennary digalactosylated glycans and with decrease in trisialylated and in outer-arm fucosylated glycans. Furthermore, particular glycans were altered in some features of the breast carcinomas; bisected biantennary nonfucosylated glycans were decreased in patients with progesterone receptor positive tumors, and core-fucosylated biantennary bisected monogalactosylated glycans were decreased in patients with the <i>TP53</i> mutation. Systemic features show more significant associations with the serum N-glycome than do the features of the breast carcinomas. In conclusion, the UPLC-based glycan analysis technique described here reveals highly significant differences between healthy women and breast cancer patients. Significant associations with breast carcinoma and systemic features are described

Over-expressed genes in chromosomal regions 17q12, 17q21.33-q25.1, 8p11.2 and 8q24.3 associated with early relapse in ER+ breast cancers treated with tamoxifen.

<p>List of genes associated with early relapse on chromosomes 8 and 17. Highlighted in bold are cancer related genes of interest.</p

Patients with cell cycle pathway activation or outliers patterns consistent with amplification of 17q12, 17q21.33-q25.1, 8p11.2 and 8q24.3 show poor outcome under tamoxifen treatment.

<p>A) Kaplan-Meier curves of the samples in the primary dataset (GSE6532) enriched for over-expressed cell cycle genes versus the rest of samples that don’t show this feature. Patients with cell cycle activated genes show a significant decrease in distant metastasis free survival rate (HR  = 9.71, 95% CI  = 3.3–28.6; P<0.0001). B) Kaplan-Meier curves of the ER+ samples in the primary dataset (GSE6532) stratified by presence of putative amplicons in 17q12, 17q21.33-q25.1, 8p11.2 and 8q24.3. Patients that show any one of the chromosomal amplifications have significantly higher relapse rates when compared to samples without any amplifications: 17q12 (HR  = 4.09, 95% CI  = 3.84–21.99; P  = 6.3e−07), 17q21.33– q25.1 (HR  = 3.14, 95% CI  = 2.17–13.62; P  = 3.0e−04), 8p11.2 (HR  = 3.75, 95% CI  = 3.18–18.31; P  = 5.7e−06), and 8q24.3 (HR  = 4.29, 95% CI  = 4.32–34.08; P  = 2.2e−06). C) Analysis of combined gene expression data of 624 ER+ breast cancers from multiple published data sets. Outlier analysis was performed to identify cases with evidence of amplification at 17q12, 17q22, 8p11.2, and 8q24.3 and those without evidence of any amplification. Kaplan-Meier curves of relapse free survival for ER+ samples with each of the four amplicons, and samples containing no amplicon are plotted: 17q12 (HR  = 2.30, 95% CI  = 1.45–3.64; P  = 4.0e−04), 17q22 (HR  = 3.07, 95% CI  = 1.99–4.73; P<1.0e−04), 8p11.2 (HR  = 1.96, 95% CI  = 1.23–3.13; P  = 4.9e−3), 8q24.3 (HR  = 2.38, 95% CI  = 1.60–3.55; P<1.0e−04) D) Kaplan-Meier curves of overall survival for the ER+ samples in the test CGH dataset (GSE22133) with each of the 4 amplicons, as well as samples that don’t have any of the chromosomal amplifications. Analysis of the CGH data identified amplification peaks at each of the four regions that overlap with the previously identified loci. Patients that show any one of the chromosomal amplifications have significantly higher event rates than those without any of the amplifications: 17q12 (HR  = 2.61, 95% CI  = 1.51–5.51; P  = 6.8e−04), 17q22 (HR  = 3.02, 95% CI  = 1.76–5.18; P  = 7.3e−05), 8p11.2 (HR  = 2.65, 95% CI  = 1.48–4.74; P  = 1.3e−03), and 8q24.3 (HR  = 2.12, 95% CI  = 1.24–3.65; P  = 6.7e−03). Log-rank tests were used to calculate all the P values.</p