1,393 research outputs found
Alien Registration- Nielsen, Anne K. (Pittston, Kennebec County)
https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/16772/thumbnail.jp
Quantum state engineering, purification, and number resolved photon detection with high finesse optical cavities
We propose and analyze a multi-functional setup consisting of high finesse
optical cavities, beam splitters, and phase shifters. The basic scheme projects
arbitrary photonic two-mode input states onto the subspace spanned by the
product of Fock states |n>|n> with n=0,1,2,.... This protocol does not only
provide the possibility to conditionally generate highly entangled photon
number states as resource for quantum information protocols but also allows one
to test and hence purify this type of quantum states in a communication
scenario, which is of great practical importance. The scheme is especially
attractive as a generalization to many modes allows for distribution and
purification of entanglement in networks. In an alternative working mode, the
setup allows of quantum non demolition number resolved photodetection in the
optical domain.Comment: 14 pages, 10 figure
Truncation of lattice fractional quantum Hall Hamiltonians derived from conformal field theory
Conformal field theory has recently been applied to derive few-body
Hamiltonians whose ground states are lattice versions of fractional quantum
Hall states. The exact lattice models involve interactions over long distances,
which is difficult to realize in experiments. It seems, however, that such
long-range interactions should not be necessary, as the correlations decay
exponentially in the bulk. This poses the question, whether the Hamiltonians
can be truncated to contain only local interactions without changing the
physics of the ground state. Previous studies have in a couple of cases with
particularly much symmetry obtained such local Hamiltonians by keeping only a
few local terms and numerically optimizing the coefficients. Here, we
investigate a different strategy to construct truncated Hamiltonians, which
does not rely on optimization, and which can be applied independent of the
choice of lattice. We test the approach on two models with bosonic
Laughlin-like ground states with filling factor and , respectively.
We first investigate how the coupling strengths in the exact Hamiltonians
depend on distance, and then we study the truncated models. For the case of
filling, we find that the truncated model with truncation radius
lattice constants on the square lattice and lattice constant on
the triangular lattice has an approximate twofold ground state degeneracy on
the torus, and the overlap per site between these states and the states
constructed from conformal field theory is higher than for the lattices
considered. For the model at filling, our results give some hints that a
truncation radius of on the square lattice and on the
triangular lattice might be enough, but the finite size effects are too large
to judge whether the topology is, indeed, present in the thermodynamic limit.Comment: 8 Pages, 10 Figure
Blocking of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 potently reduces stress-induced depression in rat highlighting a pivotal role of lipid metabolism
AbstractMajor depressive disorder is a complex and common mental disease, for which the pathology has not been elucidated. The purpose of this study is to provide knowledge about the importance of mitochondrial dysfunction, dysregulated lipid metabolism and inflammation. Mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1a (CPT1a) is a key molecule involved in lipid metabolism and mutations in CPT1a causing reduced function is hypothesized to have a protective role in the development of depression. Moreover, CPT1a is found to be upregulated in suicide patients with history of depression. Therefore, we hypothesized that inhibition of CPT1a activity can be developed as an innovative treatment strategy for depression. Stress exposure combined with different pharmacological treatment regimens; Etomoxir, CPT1 blocker, and Escitalopram, a favoured antidepressant drug, was applied in state-of-the-art chronic mild stress model. Etomoxir treatment induced statistical significant reduction of anhedonic behavior compared to vehicle treatment (p < 0.0001) and reversed depression-like phenotype in 90% of the rats (p = 0.0007), whereas Escitalopram only proved 57% efficacy. Moreover, Etomoxir revealed downregulation of interferon-γ, interleukin-17α and tumor necrosis factor-α. This indicate that alteration in metabolism is pivotal in the pathogenesis of depression, since CPT1 blockage is highly efficient in treating anhedonia and inflammation, thereby opening up for a novel class of antidepressant medication.</jats:p
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