UE OF EXTENDED REALITY FOR LOW COST DISCLOSURE OF MINOR CULTURAL HERITAGE. THE CASE STUDY OF THE CHURCH OF SAN NICOLÒ IN CARPI

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Data Structure for Cultural Heritage. Paintings from BIM to Social Media AR

This paper focuses on a process to communicate and enhance cultural heritage value. In this context, one of the main challenges is to combine its value with digital strategies and methods without losing information and increasing communication and public-private involvement. The paper proposes a methodology that uses BIM (Building Information Modeling) and CDE (Common Data Environment) concepts to build and organize information of paintings through connected databases, typically pro-duced by multiple actors. A case study in San Nicolò in Carpi verifies its application. An Instagram pro-file has been created transferring data from BIM models to Spark AR Studio to demonstrate a meth-od that creates an Augmented Reality application for cultural heritage, without the need of coding

Widespread increase in myeloid calcifying cells contributes to ectopic vascular calcification in type 2 diabetes.

Abstract RATIONALE: Acquisition of a procalcific phenotype by resident or circulating cells is important for calcification of atherosclerotic plaques, which is common in diabetes. OBJECTIVE: We aim to identify and characterize circulating calcifying cells, and to delineate a pathophysiological role for these cells in type 2 diabetes. METHODS AND RESULTS: We demonstrate for the first time that a distinct subpopulation of circulating cells expressing osteocalcin and bone alkaline phosphatase (OC(+)BAP(+)) has procalcific activity in vitro and in vivo. The study of na\uefve patients with chronic myeloid leukemia indicated that OC(+)BAP(+) cells have a myeloid origin. Myeloid calcifying OC(+)BAP(+) cells (MCCs) could be differentiated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and generation of MCCs was closely associated with expression of the osteogenic transcription factor Runx2. In gender-mismatched bone marrow-transplanted humans, circulating MCCs had a much longer half-life compared with OC(-)BAP(-) cells, suggesting they belong to a stable cell repertoire. The percentage of MCCs was higher in peripheral blood and bone marrow of type 2 diabetic patients compared with controls but was lowered toward normal levels by optimization of glycemic control. Furthermore, diabetic carotid endoarterectomy specimens showed higher degree of calcification and amounts of cells expressing OC and BAP in the \u3b1-smooth muscle actin-negative areas surrounding calcified nodules, where CD68(+) macrophages colocalize. High glucose increased calcification by MCCs in vitro, and hypoxia may regulate MCC generation in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS: These data identify a novel type of blood-derived procalcific cells potentially involved in atherosclerotic calcification of diabetic patients