Książka wileńska na Śląsku : rekonesans

Książka wileńska obecna była na Górnym Śląsku, w okresie do 1922 roku świadcząc o intensywnych kontaktach międzyzaborowych, w latach II Rzeczypospolitej będąc dowodem na rozwijającą się współpracę i integrację kulturalną ziem polskich[...

Książka literacka jako obiekt kultury w ofercie bibliotek

Zasoby bibliotek, dziś hybrydowe i wielosemiotyczne, zarówno od początku, jak obecnie są dowodem na dokumentowanie i staranne przechowywanie tekstów literackich w celu archiwizowania myśli ludzkiej i jej udostępniania jak najszerszym kręgom odbiorców. Wśród wielu typów dokumentów bibliotecznych obecna jest także książka literacka, stanowiąc obiekt biblioteczny o wielu modelach edytorskich i specyficznych właściwościach [...]

Kreowanie kultury edukacyjnej, informacyjnej i medialnej w bibliotekach

The article makes an attempt to review fast moving changes in the educational, informative and media culture realized in modern librarianship from the beginning of the third millennium. The analysis covered library’s actions, deriving from successively growing needs of wide groups of receivers belonging to the knowledge society. Among the tasks of modern libraries, both academic and specialist, and school information centres, as well as chains of public libraries, joint tendencies and characteristic features deriving from the specificity of resources or age, professional or national needs of receivers were presented. Creating an educational, informative and media culture is tightly connected with informatization and technological possibilities, allowing the receivers a fast access to an archive, complete and arranged resource of knowledge

Biblioteki akademickie w "pejzażu edukacyjnym" społeczeństwa informacyjnego

The analysis of a mission, task quality, and evaluation of operation of academic libraries are the target of the study. Interesting remarks of the Dean of Library Service of California University in Fresno on improvement and modernization of operation of academic libraries, and especially his reinterpretation of five principles of librarianship by S.R. Ranganathan (intelligent usage of technologies, protection of unlimited access to knowledge - sources of information, creation of future with simultaneous respect for the achievements of the past and utilitarianism - a positive approach towards systematic implementation of new technologies to library activity) became the basis for comparative analysis. Selected opinions on functioning of Polish academic libraries of Polish researchers - Jacek Wojciechowski, Henryk Hollender, Artur Jazdon have been presented. An attempt at characterizing innovations of organizational structures, as well as policy of gathering, including the structure of a resource with clear withdrawal from universality of collections in favor of their specialization and profiling, has been made. Factors concerning the accessibility of resources and modern solutions within informational activities have been discussed as well. The idea of cooperation of academic libraries based on coalition, cooptation, or exchange [cooperation], as well as realization of principles of management in conformity to TQM is extremely important. The problems of modernization of methods of trainings of first-year students within ‘library adaptation’ have also been raised. The problems touched upon in the article are significant because of a large group of information recipients [students and academic workers]

Biblioteki polskie na Górnym Śląsku w XIX w.

Proces powstawania i rozwoju polskich bibliotek na Górnym Śląsku w wieku XIX nie był jednolity. Zachodzące zmiany spowodowane niejednokrotnie oddziaływaniem czynników obiektywnych (cykl wytwarzania, obieg i korzystanie z podstawowego w tym czasie środka przekazu - książki i czasopisma), a także wynikające z licznych inicjatyw indywidualnych - odegrały podwójną rolę. Doprowadziły bowiem nie tylko do stopniowego wzrostu ilościowego bibliotek polskich na tym terenie i w tym czasie, ale również do poszerzenia oferty atrakcyjnych form udostępniania zbiorów śląskiemu czytelnikowi. Zaproponowana w pracy periodyzacja procesu funkcjonowania bibliotek opiera się na spostrzeżeniu, że ich rozwojowi sprzyjały okresy nasilenia ruchów narodowych (co widoczne jest zwłaszcza w latach czterdziestych i w początku lat pięćdziesiątych XIX wieku) lub wzmożonej działalności organizacji oświatowych spoza Górnego Śląska. Wyodrębniając kolejne fazy rozwoju bibliotek na Górnym Śląsku, wykorzystano jako ramy czasowe daty działalności tych organizacji. Uwzględniając liczne inicjatywy miejscowe, określono natomiast grono osób zaangażowanych w prace nad zorganizowaniem specyficznego dla XIX wieku systemu komunikacyjnego, opartego na książce jako znaku epoki i poszukującego ogólnodostępnych form jej odbioru. Rolę tę miała odegrać i odegrała biblioteka, będąca w XIX wieku podstawowym środkiem tego systemu i zarazem naczelną instytucją uczestnictwa odbiorcy w kulturze

Kody i symbole narodowe w komunikowaniu literackim na Górnym Śląsku przełomu XIX i XX wieku

The paper is an attempt at an analysis of cultural communication codes which existed in Polish literature of the period of the partitions. The comparative research concentrates on the conventions and literary motives present in the texts of Silesian writers, on the forms of their preference — tales, patriotic poems and songs, fictionalized historical anecdotes, serial novels, as well as on the symbols figuring in them (eagle, knight, sleeping soldiers) and functioning within the literary circulation across Poland. Literary conventions were projected by numerous Upper - Silesian writers, e.g. J. Mehl, J. Kupiec, J. Ligon, priests: N. Bonczyk, E. Szramek, J. N. Jarori, F. Stateczny, L. Skowronek. The promotion of Polish books, published mainly in Cracow, was intensive in Silesian periodicals, which allowed for the inclusion of Silesia into the Polish literary circulation

Książki, ludzie, idee : kontakty kulturalne Górnego Śląska z Krakowem w dobie niewoli narodowej

The subject matter of the paper is an attempt to establish a generally understood cultural relationships between two regional centres — the Upper Silesia region within the boudries of Opole regency under the Prussian rule and Cracow — the autonomous Polish city. The research direction is established on the basis of communication from the recipient to the initiator of the message which in the majority of the period in question was the one from the Upper Silesia to Cracow, i.e. real “terra incognita” in consciousness of the majority of Poles while Cracow city being the Mecca of the Polish culture, the Rome of Poland so to say. These cetres in the times of national bondage beside specificity of reinterpretation of tradition and the course of culture formation, historically conditioned, also differed regarding to society and economy creating easily recognisable but not hermetic local society communities. The political situation did not allow any to innitiate any connections between Polish lands and each of the centres, establishing its own “left-ajar system” was not strongly isolated from the external influences, taking part in transcultural exchange of the values. Cultural ties of the Upper Silesia with Cracow have been visible and could have been traced for many centuries. They deal with sign community, schooling and religion as well as widely understood social bonds. Among Cracovian students the Upper Silesian group of youth have always been present who after graduation used to start working in schools and other various Cracovian institutions. It is the fact that there exists and is still made a good use of certain codes of cultural understanding between the two in literature (songs, fairy tales, poetry, drama) and also in customary and religion despite the evident trend to preserve its own identity. Cracovian designs are present in the Upper Silesian architecture and art, such as painting, stain-glass window making. Cracow has been frequently visited individually and in organized groups since this need has been the result of multi generation Polish family tradition, initiative of the Upper Silesian “leaders” such as writers, artists, clergy, educational and social activists belonging to the developing group of the Upper Silesian intelligentia of the time. Cracovian books which became so popular all over the country in the times of national bondage quickly reached the Upper Silesian homes and libraries and along with them actual religious, social and national ideas were popularized. At that time the publishing houses of Cracow had a rich offer for their readers of scientific works, mostly of historical and national character written by the eminent writers not coming from Cracow but publishing their books here because of political reasons: srtict censorship in other regions of the country. Close links and contacts among people have been clearly seen during the whole long period of time under research: the Silesians used to come to confess, enter marriages and celebrate baptism sacraments of their children in many Cracovian churches being at the same time the sponsors of renovation works of the old Cracow sights while Cracow clergy helped the Upper Silesian missions and organized life in convents. The Cracovian people eagerly joined both educational and social work and they used to frequent in large number the Silesian sanctuaries. In the time of liberty oppression the inhabitants of Upper Silesia took active part in keeping Polish tradition and culture strengthening the national bonds and passing these traditions from generation to generation thanks to books, magazines and Cracovian theatre. “Left-ajar” system of communication in spite of efforts of the partition leaders, numerous interpersonal contacts along with inter-partitioned regions circulation of books and press also resulted in circulation of the ideas. Due to interpartitional bonds Cracovian help for the Upper Silesia region was possible and true foundation for development of culture and writing, for establishing the institutions dealing with culture, scientific organizations were created. The result of close ties with Cracow was also interest paid to this region during the Silesian uprisings. In the times of national bondage the people of Upper Silesia tried to keep in touch with other regions of the country, too, especially with Wielkopolska, but it seems that strong bonds with Cracow city where scientific, literary and artistic life was florishing of the decisive character for further fate of the Upper Silesia region

Biblioteki nauczycielskie w XIX wieku na tle światowego bibliotekarstwa

The article is an attempt to analyse selected aspects of the 19lh c. librarianship. In the context of the global theoretical and practical achievements in this subject and a general overview of libraries, the situation of Polish libraries has been presented, their incontestable theoretical achievements (e.g. Joachim Lelewel’s Two Bibliographic Volumes') and the rise of some new forms of making book collections available to the general public, for example through teachers’ libraries. The author became also interested in the German libraries for teachers that were created in the 1870s in Upper Silesia. In the archives of the city of Bytom (nowadays the State Archives of Katowice) some interesting source materials for the study of those libraries have been found. The extant documents make it possible to trace the process of preparing a classified catalogue for such a library, the principles of gathering books, and the plans for getting the money necessary to increase the collection, together with the process of preparing rooms for the newly founded library. The documents in question bear witness to the advanced level of the development of the German librarianship in the Polish lands

Classification of Expansive Grassland Species in Different Growth Stages Based on Hyperspectral and LiDAR Data

Expansive species classification with remote sensing techniques offers great support for botanical field works aimed at detection of their distribution within areas of conservation value and assessment of the threat caused to natural habitats. Large number of spectral bands and high spatial resolution allows for identification of particular species. LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) data provide information about areas such as vegetation structure. Because the species differ in terms of features during the growing season, it is important to know when their spectral responses are unique in the background of the surrounding vegetation. The aim of the study was to identify two expansive grass species: Molinia caerulea and Calamagrostis epigejos in the Natura 2000 area in Poland depending on the period and dataset used. Field work was carried out during late spring, summer and early autumn, in parallel with remote sensing data acquisition. Airborne 1-m resolution HySpex images and LiDAR data were used. HySpex images were corrected geometrically and atmospherically before Minimum Noise Fraction (MNF) transformation and vegetation indices calculation. Based on a LiDAR point cloud generated Canopy Height Model, vegetation structure from discrete and full-waveform data and topographic indexes were generated. Classifications were performed using a Random Forest algorithm. The results show post-classification maps and their accuracies: Kappa value and F1 score being the harmonic mean of producer (PA) and user (UA) accuracy, calculated iteratively. Based on these accuracies and botanical knowledge, it was possible to assess the best identification date and dataset used for analysing both species. For M. caerulea the highest median Kappa was 0.85 (F1 = 0.89) in August and for C. epigejos 0.65 (F1 = 0.73) in September. For both species, adding discrete or full-waveform LiDAR data improved the results. We conclude that hyperspectral (HS) and LiDAR airborne data could be useful to id

Przyczyny dysfunkcji śródbłonka w toczniu rumieniowatym układowym. Markery dysfunkcji śródbłonka

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, inflammatory autoimmune disease with multiple organ involvement. This entity is associated with accelerated atherosclerosis and increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Endothelial dysfunction represents a key step in the initiation and maintenance of atherosclerosis and may serve as a marker for future risk of cardiovascular events. Many factors, including circulating inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species, low density lipoprotein, autoantibodies, vascular endothelial growth factor, circulating endothelial cells and von Willebrand factor may activate endothelial cells, leading to impaired vascular relaxation increased leukocyte adhesion, increased endothelial permeability and generation of a pro-thrombotic state. In this paper potential mechanism of endothelial dysfunction in SLE patients were discussed.Toczeń rumieniowaty układowy (SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus) jest przewlekłą, zapalną, autoimmunologiczną chorobą, która przebiega z zajęciem wielu narządów wewnętrznych. Jest związany z przyspieszonym rozwojem miażdżycy oraz zwiększonym ryzykiem incydentów sercowo-naczyniowych. Dysfunkcja śródbłonka pełni kluczową rolę w inicjowaniu rozwoju arteriosklerozy, jej progresji oraz może służyć jako marker określający ryzyko sercowo-naczyniowe u pacjentów chorych na SLE. Istnieje wiele czynników, które poprzez aktywację komórek śródbłonka, upośledzenie zdolności wazodylatacyjnej naczyń oraz zwiększenie adhezyjności leukocytów mogą doprowadzić do stanu prozakrzepowego organizmu. Do najistotniejszych zalicza się: krążące cytokiny prozapalne, reaktywne formytlenu, autoprzeciwciała, lipoproteiny o niskiej gęstości, krążące komórki śródbłonka, czynnik von Willebranda oraz czynnik wzrostu śródbłonka naczyniowego. W ramach tej pracy omówiono potencjalne przyczyny dysfunkcji śródbłonka w SLE.