50 research outputs found

    Why are western diet and western lifestyle pro-inflammatory risk factors of celiac disease?

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    The prevalence of celiac disease increased in recent years. In addition to the genetic and immunological factors, it appears that environmental determinants are also involved in the pathophysiology of celiac disease. Gastrointestinal infections impact the development of celiac disease. Current research does not directly confirm the protective effect of natural childbirth and breastfeeding on celiac disease. However, it seems that in genetically predisposed children, the amount of gluten introduced into the diet may have an impact on celiac disease development. Also western lifestyle, including western dietary patterns high in fat, sugar, and gliadin, potentially may increase the risk of celiac disease due to changes in intestinal microbiota, intestinal permeability, or mucosal inflammation. Further research is needed to expand the knowledge of the relationship between environmental factors and the development of celiac disease to define evidence-based preventive interventions against the development of celiac disease. The manuscript summarizes current knowledge on factors predisposing to the development of celiac disease including factors associated with the western lifestyle

    Is the retinol-binding protein 4 a possible risk factor for cardiovascular diseases in obesity?

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    Although many preventive and treatment approaches have been proposed, cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains one of the leading causes of deaths worldwide. Current epidemiological data require the specification of new causative factors, as well as the development of improved diagnostic tools to provide better cardiovascular management. Excessive accumulation of adipose tissue among patients suffering from obesity not only constitutes one of the main risk factors of CVD development but also alters adipokines. Increased attention is devoted to bioactive adipokines, which are also produced by the adipose tissue. The retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) has been associated with numerous CVDs and is presumably associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. With this in mind, exploring the role of RBP4, particularly among patients with obesity, could be a promising direction and could lead to better CVD prevention and management in this patient group. In our review, we summarized the current knowledge about RBP4 and its association with essential aspects of cardiovascular disease鈥攍ipid profile, intima-media thickness, atherosclerotic process, and diet. We also discussed the RBP4 gene polymorphisms essential from a cardiovascular perspective.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

    Analysis of the relationship between the inner structure and the magnitude of atherosclerotic plaques

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    The aim of this study was ultrasound evaluation of atherosclerotic plaque morphology in relation to the degree of coronary artery lumen narrowing in patients with ischaemic heart disease. Intravascular ultrasound was performed on 38 patients (30 men and 8 women) aged 35 to 77 (average age 60 &plusmn; 11 years old) with symptoms of ischaemic heart disease. The structure of atherosclerotic plaques with a degree of lumen narrowing of < 50% (1st group) was distinctly different from the structure of plaques with a degree of lumen narrowing of 50&#8211;75% (2nd group, p = 0.0045) and the structure of plaques with a degree of lumen narrowing of &#8805; 75% (3rd group, p < 0.001). The incidence of soft plaques decreased, whereas the percentage of mixed and hard plaques increased gradually with the increase in the degree of artery lumen narrowing. Significant differences in the incidence of plaque calcification were observed between the groups evaluated with crosssections of different degrees of lumen narrowing (p = 0.0032). The smallest number of calcifications was discovered in the 1st group as compared to the 2nd (p = 0.0027) and the 3rd group (p = 0.0026). With a higher degree of lumen narrowing, a lower percentage of eccentric plaques and a higher percentage of concentric plaques were observed. There were more eccentric plaques and fewer concentric plaques in cross-sections of the 1 st group as compared to the 2nd group (p = 0.0056) and the 3rd group (p = 0.0018). A comparison between the 2nd and 3rd groups showed no significant difference in the incidence of eccentric or concentric plaques (p = 0.5). In conclusion, intravascular ultrasound evaluation revealed significant relationships between the structure, presence of calcifications and location of atherosclerotic plaques and the degree of artery lumen narrowing. The incidence of mixed, hard, calcified and concentric plaques increased, whereas the percentage of soft, non-calcified and eccentric plaques decreased gradually with the increase in the degree of artery lumen narrowing

    Percutaneous coronary angioplasty in elderly patients: Assessment of in-hospital outcomes

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    Background: We aimed to assess in-hospital outcomes of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) in elderly subjects. Methods: A total of 1000 consecutive patients, who had all been admitted for interventional treatment of symptomatic coronary artery disease, were retrospectively analysed. Results: Elderly patients (&#8805; 70 years of age) were more likely to be diabetic, hypertensive and of female gender. They more frequently were diagnosed with chronic heart failure as well as prior stroke. Significantly higher proportions of the elderly population presented with cardiogenic shock and underwent PTCA as a result of acute coronary syndromes. Multivessel coronary disease affected a large majority of senior patients. Although stenting dominated in both age groups, balloon angioplasty was relatively more frequently applied in the elderly. Coronary angioplasty in elderly patients was associated with fewer direct stenting procedures, longer exposure to X-rays and a higher volume of the contrast medium. The efficacy of intervention, assessed according to clinical and angiographic criteria, was high in both groups, although revascularisation was significantly less complete while crude in-hospital mortality higher in the elderly group. Advanced age remained an independent predictor of both increased in-hospital mortality and longer exposure to X-rays after an adjustment for the baseline characteristics in multivariable analyses. Conclusions: Despite frequent comorbidities and more extensive coronary athersoclerosis, a high rate of procedural success was achieved in the elderly population who underwent PTCA. However, after an adjustment for the baseline characteristics advanced age was still associated with a less favourable in-hospital outcome and a higher degree of procedural complexity. (Cardiol J 2007; 14: 143-154

    Atherosclerotic Plaque Morphology in Patients with Hypertension

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    Wst臋p Celem pracy by艂a ocena zale偶no艣ci morfologii blaszek mia偶d偶ycowych od wyst臋powania nadci艣nienia t臋tniczego u pacjent贸w z rozpoznan膮 chorob膮 niedokrwienn膮 serca. Materia艂 i metody U 30 m臋偶czyzn i 8 kobiet w wieku 35-75 lat, 艣rednio 60 lat, oceniano morfologi臋 zmian mia偶d偶ycowych na podstawie obraz贸w ultrasonografii wewn膮trzwie艅cowej (IVUS). U wszystkich chorych zebrano dane demograficzne oraz dotycz膮ce obecno艣ci wybranych czynnik贸w ryzyka mia偶d偶ycy: hipercholesterolemii, nadci艣nienia t臋tniczego, cukrzycy typu 2, palenia tytoniu. Morfologi臋 i wielko艣膰 blaszek mia偶d偶ycowych analizowano w przekrojach poprzecznych t臋tnic wie艅cowych. Przedmiotem analizy by艂y 63 blaszki mia偶d偶ycowe u chorych z nadci艣nieniem t臋tniczym oraz 96 blaszek pacjent贸w z prawid艂owymi warto艣ciami ci艣nienia. Blaszki klasyfikowano jako: mi臋kkie, twarde i mieszane, opieraj膮c si臋 na pomiarze echogeniczno艣ci; ze zwapnieniami i bez zwapnie艅; koncentryczne i ekscentryczne. Przekroje poprzeczne podzielono na 3 grupy w zale偶no艣ci od stopnia zw臋偶enia ich 艣wiat艂a: < 50% (I grupa), 50-75% (II grupa) i &#8805; 75% (III grupa). Wyniki U chorych z nadci艣nieniem t臋tniczym istotnie cz臋艣ciej stwierdzano blaszki mieszane i twarde, kt贸re wynosi艂y 70% (blaszki mieszane - 57%, blaszki twarde - 13%) w por贸wnaniu z 45% u chorych bez nadci艣nienia (blaszki mieszane - 38%, blaszki twarde - 7%) (p = 0,002). Por贸wnuj膮c struktur臋 blaszek w 3 grupach przekroj贸w o r贸偶nym nasileniu zw臋偶enia 艣wiat艂a stwierdzono, 偶e w grupie I (< 50%) blaszki mi臋kkie wyst臋powa艂y rzadziej u chorych z nadci艣nieniem t臋tniczym ni偶 u pacjent贸w bez nadci艣nienia (p = 0,0018). W grupie II i III obserwowane r贸偶nice nie by艂y znamienne. Nie wykazano istotnych r贸偶nic w cz臋sto艣ci zwapnie艅 w blaszkach mia偶d偶ycowych ani w rozk艂adzie przestrzennym blaszek w grupie chorych z nadci艣nieniem t臋tniczym w por贸wnaniu z chorymi z prawid艂owymi warto艣ciami ci艣nienia. Wnioski Blaszki mieszane i twarde znamiennie cz臋艣ciej wyst臋powa艂y u pacjent贸w z nadci艣nieniem t臋tniczym ni偶 u os贸b bez nadci艣nienia, co wskazuje na inny przebieg procesu mia偶d偶ycowego w tej grupie chorych.Background The aim of the study was to determine the influence of hypertension on atherosclerotic plaque morphology in patients with coronary heart disease. Material and methods The study was performed on 30 men and 8 women aged from 35 to 75 years (mean age 60 years). Plaque morphology was evaluated by means of intracoronary ultrasound. For all the patients, demographic data and data concerning selected risk factors of arteriosclerotic disease: hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus type 2 and smoking had been collected. Morphology and size of plaques were analyzed in cross-sections of coronary arteries. 63 atherosclerotic plaques in hypertensive patients and 96 plaques in normotensive patients were analyzed. Plaques were classified as: soft, mixed and hard - based on echointensity, with or without calcification, concentric and eccentric. The cross-sections were divided into 3 groups according to severity of lumen reduction: < 50% (I group), 50&#8211;75% (II group) and &#8805; 75% (III group). Results Mixed and hard plaques were observed significantly more frequently in hypertensive patients (70%, including mixed plaques - 57%, hard plaques - 13%) than in normotensive patients (45%, including mixed plaques - 38%, hard plaques - 7%) (p = 0.002). Comparing plaque structure in 3 groups of the cross-sections with different severity of lumen reduction, only in group I (< 50%) soft plaques occurred more rarely in hypertensive than normotensive patients (p = 0.0018). There were no significant differences in group II and III. No statistical differences were obtained for the occurrence of calcification and plaque distribution in hypertensive patients compared to normotensive patients. Conclusions Hard and mixed plaques occurred more frequently in hypertensive in comparison to normotensive patients. These data suggest that hypertension may be a factor that combined with other risk factors, influences other course of atherosclerosis in coronary arteries

    Wp艂yw hipercholesterolemii na morfologi臋 blaszek mia偶d偶ycowych w t臋tnicach wie艅cowych

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    Wst臋p: Hipercholesterolemia jest wa偶nym czynnikiem wp艂ywaj膮cym na powstawanie blaszek mia偶d偶ycowych. Ultrasonografia wewn膮trznaczyniowa pozwala przy偶yciowo ocenia膰 morfologi臋 blaszek mia偶d偶ycowych w t臋tnicach wie艅cowych u ludzi. Celem pracy by艂a ocena zale偶no艣ci morfologii blaszek mia偶d偶ycowych od wyst臋powania hipercholesterolemii u pacjent贸w z udokumentowan膮 angiograficznie chorob膮 wie艅cow膮. Materia艂 i metody: Badaniem obj臋to 38 chorych (w tym 30 m臋偶czyzn), u kt贸rych wykonano podczas interwencji wie艅cowej ultrasonografi臋 wewn膮trznaczyniow膮. Zebrano dane demograficzne oraz informacje dotycz膮ce obecno艣ci wybranych czynnik贸w ryzyka choroby wie艅cowej. Oceniono retrospektywnie morfologi臋 blaszek mia偶d偶ycowych we wszystkich badanych segmentach t臋tnic na podstawie zapis贸w bada艅 ultrasonograficznych. Analiz臋 przeprowadzono w 3 grupach segment贸w w zale偶no艣ci od stopnia zw臋偶enia naczynia (grupa I - zw臋偶enie < 50%, grupa II - zw臋偶enie 50-75%, grupa III - zw臋偶enie 艂 75%). Wyniki: Hipercholesterolemia wyst臋powa艂a u 25 pacjent贸w (66%). W grupie chorych z hipercholesterolemi膮 liczba os贸b pal膮cych tyto艅 by艂a istotnie wy偶sza ni偶 w grupie bez hipercholesterolemii. W zakresie innych czynnik贸w ryzyka mia偶d偶ycy i danych demograficznych nie stwierdzono istotnych r贸偶nic. Obserwowano znamiennie cz臋stsze wyst臋powanie zwapnie艅 w blaszkach mia偶d偶ycowych u chorych z hipercholesterolemi膮 - 58% (56/97), w por贸wnaniu z 26% (16/62) u chorych bez tego czynnika ryzyka; tak偶e w poszczeg贸lnych grupach segment贸w: grupa I - odpowiednio 36% i 10%, grupa II - 67% i 29%; grupa III - 67% i 41%. Typ blaszki mia偶d偶ycowej (mi臋kka, mieszana, twarda) i jej rozk艂ad przestrzenny (koncentryczna, ekscentryczna) nie by艂y czynnikami r贸偶nicuj膮cymi chorych z hipercholesterolemi膮. Wnioski: Hipercholesterolemia jest prawdopodobnie niezale偶nym czynnikiem, zwi臋kszaj膮cym cz臋sto艣膰 wyst臋powania zwapnie艅 w blaszkach mia偶d偶ycowych. Wsp贸艂istnienie podwy偶szonego st臋偶enia cholesterolu oraz na艂ogu palenia tytoniu wi膮偶e si臋 z przedwczesnym rozwojem mia偶d偶ycy. (Folia Cardiol. 2003; 10: 83-90

    Wp艂yw hipercholesterolemii na morfologi臋 blaszek mia偶d偶ycowych w t臋tnicach wie艅cowych

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    Wst臋p: Hipercholesterolemia jest wa偶nym czynnikiem wp艂ywaj膮cym na powstawanie blaszek mia偶d偶ycowych. Ultrasonografia wewn膮trznaczyniowa pozwala przy偶yciowo ocenia膰 morfologi臋 blaszek mia偶d偶ycowych w t臋tnicach wie艅cowych u ludzi. Celem pracy by艂a ocena zale偶no艣ci morfologii blaszek mia偶d偶ycowych od wyst臋powania hipercholesterolemii u pacjent贸w z udokumentowan膮 angiograficznie chorob膮 wie艅cow膮. Materia艂 i metody: Badaniem obj臋to 38 chorych (w tym 30 m臋偶czyzn), u kt贸rych wykonano podczas interwencji wie艅cowej ultrasonografi臋 wewn膮trznaczyniow膮. Zebrano dane demograficzne oraz informacje dotycz膮ce obecno艣ci wybranych czynnik贸w ryzyka choroby wie艅cowej. Oceniono retrospektywnie morfologi臋 blaszek mia偶d偶ycowych we wszystkich badanych segmentach t臋tnic na podstawie zapis贸w bada艅 ultrasonograficznych. Analiz臋 przeprowadzono w 3 grupach segment贸w w zale偶no艣ci od stopnia zw臋偶enia naczynia (grupa I - zw臋偶enie < 50%, grupa II - zw臋偶enie 50-75%, grupa III - zw臋偶enie 艂 75%). Wyniki: Hipercholesterolemia wyst臋powa艂a u 25 pacjent贸w (66%). W grupie chorych z hipercholesterolemi膮 liczba os贸b pal膮cych tyto艅 by艂a istotnie wy偶sza ni偶 w grupie bez hipercholesterolemii. W zakresie innych czynnik贸w ryzyka mia偶d偶ycy i danych demograficznych nie stwierdzono istotnych r贸偶nic. Obserwowano znamiennie cz臋stsze wyst臋powanie zwapnie艅 w blaszkach mia偶d偶ycowych u chorych z hipercholesterolemi膮 - 58% (56/97), w por贸wnaniu z 26% (16/62) u chorych bez tego czynnika ryzyka; tak偶e w poszczeg贸lnych grupach segment贸w: grupa I - odpowiednio 36% i 10%, grupa II - 67% i 29%; grupa III - 67% i 41%. Typ blaszki mia偶d偶ycowej (mi臋kka, mieszana, twarda) i jej rozk艂ad przestrzenny (koncentryczna, ekscentryczna) nie by艂y czynnikami r贸偶nicuj膮cymi chorych z hipercholesterolemi膮. Wnioski: Hipercholesterolemia jest prawdopodobnie niezale偶nym czynnikiem, zwi臋kszaj膮cym cz臋sto艣膰 wyst臋powania zwapnie艅 w blaszkach mia偶d偶ycowych. Wsp贸艂istnienie podwy偶szonego st臋偶enia cholesterolu oraz na艂ogu palenia tytoniu wi膮偶e si臋 z przedwczesnym rozwojem mia偶d偶ycy. (Folia Cardiol. 2003; 10: 83-90

    Wszczepienie stentu z powodu jatrogennego rozwarstwienia pnia lewej t臋tnicy wie艅cowej. Obraz przed i po zabiegu w angiografii oraz wielorz臋dowej tomografii komputerowej

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    W pracy przedstawiono przypadek 55-letniego pacjenta z niezauwa偶onym przed 4 laty jatrogennym rozwarstwieniem pnia lewej t臋tnicy wie艅cowej, u kt贸rego (po ustaleniu rozpoznania) wykonano przezsk贸rn膮 angioplastyk臋 z implantacj膮 stentu z dobrym wynikiem bezpo艣rednim oraz w kontrolnym badaniu koronarograficznym po 3 miesi膮cach. U pacjenta przeprowadzono r贸wnie偶 kontroln膮 tomografi臋 komputerow膮 wielorz臋dow膮 serca, kt贸rej wyniki potwierdzono w koronarografii i w angiografii ilo艣ciowej. (Folia Cardiol. 2003; 10: 817&#8211;821

    Wszczepienie stentu z powodu jatrogennego rozwarstwienia pnia lewej t臋tnicy wie艅cowej. Obraz przed i po zabiegu w angiografii oraz wielorz臋dowej tomografii komputerowej

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    W pracy przedstawiono przypadek 55-letniego pacjenta z niezauwa偶onym przed 4 laty jatrogennym rozwarstwieniem pnia lewej t臋tnicy wie艅cowej, u kt贸rego (po ustaleniu rozpoznania) wykonano przezsk贸rn膮 angioplastyk臋 z implantacj膮 stentu z dobrym wynikiem bezpo艣rednim oraz w kontrolnym badaniu koronarograficznym po 3 miesi膮cach. U pacjenta przeprowadzono r贸wnie偶 kontroln膮 tomografi臋 komputerow膮 wielorz臋dow膮 serca, kt贸rej wyniki potwierdzono w koronarografii i w angiografii ilo艣ciowej. (Folia Cardiol. 2003; 10: 817&#8211;821

    Predicted and observed in-hospital mortality after left main coronary artery stenting in 204 patients

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    Background: The purpose of this study was to compare risk predicted using available risk scores and actual outcomes in patients with left main coronary artery disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with stent implantation (PCI LM). Methods: We studied 204 patients treated with elective or emergent coronary angioplasty. We estimated in-hospital mortality using the EuroSCORE, Parsonnet and GRACE risk scores and compared this data with actual in-hospital mortality. Results: There were no deaths among 62 patients undergoing elective PCI LM regardless of the estimated risk. Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) was diagnosed in all 142 patients undergoing emergent PCI LM. Mortality in this group was 24% (34/142). Area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values for the EuroSCORE, Parsonnet and GRACE risk scores in patients with ACS were 0.812 (p = 0.0001), 0.857 (p = 0.0001), and 0.870 (p = 0.0001), respectively. No statistically significant differences were found when these AUC values for different evaluated risk scores were compared. Overall, the EuroSCORE and Parsonnet risk scores had no discriminative value, as all deaths occurred in the highest risk group. Only the GRACE risk score discriminated risk among intermediate- and high-risk patients with ACS. Conlusions: The EuroSCORE and Parsonnet scoring systems are of no value in predicting periprocedural mortality risk in patients undergoing elective PCI LM. Overall, discriminative ability of the EuroSCORE, Parsonnet, and GRACE risk scores in unselected patients with ACS undergoing emergent PCI LM was good. In this group of patients, the EuroSCORE and Parsonnet scoring systems had no discriminative value in low and moderate risk patients. Only the GRACE risk score discriminated risk among intermediate and high risk patients. (Cardiol J 2008; 15: 268-276
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