FONTES DE NITROGÊNIO NA MICROPROPAGAÇÃO DE Coffea arabica

Considerando que o meio de cultura usado para a propagação de culturas in vitro tem uma alta concentração em minerais, aliado a um custo elevado e à dificuldade de aquisição de nitrato e amônio, objetivouse reduzir a proporção de fontes de nitrogênio (NH4NO3 e KNO3) usadas no meio de cultura de segmentos nodais de Coffea arabica L. cv Rubi. Explantes (2 cm) preestabelecidos in vitro foram inoculados em tubos de ensaio contendo meio de cultura MS acrescido de NH4NO3 e KNO3 (0, 25, 50, 75, e 100 %) e mantidos em sala de crescimento com 27±1 oC e 32 µM.m-2.s-1 de intensidade luminosa por 16 horas diárias. Após 60 dias avaliaram-se o número total de brotos, o peso da matéria fresca da parte aérea e o peso da matéria seca total. Há possibilidade de redução da concentração de NH4NO3 para 50% e de KNO3 para 75%.Considering that the MS medium is very rich in mineral salts ally to the high cost and the difficulty in the acquisition of nitrate and ammonium it was aimed at to reduce the concentration of two sources of nitrogen (NH4NO3 and KNO3) used in the culture medium of nodal segments of Coffea arabica L. cv. Rubi. Explants (2 cm) preestablished in vitro were inoculated in MS medium with NH4NO3 and KNO3 (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 %) and maintained at growth room with 27±1 ºC temperature and 16 hours/day under 32 mM.m-2.s-1 light intensity. After 60 days were evaluated the total number of sprouts, the aerial part fresh matter weight and the total dry matter weight. Its possible to reduce the NH4NO3 concentration to 75% and KNO3 to 50%

BAP e substratos na aclimatização de plântulas de gloxínia (Sinningia speciosa Lood. Hiern.) provenientes de cultura de tecidos BAP and substrates on gloxinia (Sinningia speciosa Lood. Hiern.) plantlets from tissue culture acclimatization

A gloxínia é uma planta ornamental cultivada pela exoticidade e variação de coloração de suas flores. Objetivou-se avaliar a influência residual da citocinina 6-Benzilaminopurina (BAP) usada durante a cultura in vitro sobre o processo de aclimatização de gloxínia (Sinningia speciosa Lood. Hiern.). As concentrações de 0,0; 0,5; 1 e 2,0 mg L-1 de BAP, em cultivo in vitro, foram combinadas com os substratos: vermiculita, plantmax® e vermiculita + plantmax®, durante o processo de aclimatização. Após o processo de inoculação in vitro, o material foi transferido para sala de crescimento com temperatura de 26 ± 1ºC, intensidade luminosa de 35 m mol m² s-1 e fotoperíodo de 16 horas, permanecendo nessas condições por 60 dias. Após esse período, as plantas obtidas foram plantadas nos diferentes substratos. As avaliações foram efetuadas após 120 dias, em casa-de-vegetação, registrando-se o número de brotos, peso da matéria fresca do sistema radicular, peso da matéria seca da planta e número de flores. Os melhores resultados foram obtidos com o cultivo em substrato plantmax® ou plantmax�� + vermiculita advinda de meio de cultura in vitro isento de BAP.<br>The present work aimed to evaluate the influence of concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) used in acclimatization of gloxinia (Sinningia speciosa Lood. Hiern). Concentrations of BAP (0.0; 0.5; 1.0 and 2.0 mg L-1) in vitro and substrates (vermiculite, plantmax®, and vermiculite+plantmax®) were tested for acclimatization in every possible combination. After in vitro inoculation, the material was transferred to a growth chamber with temperature of 26±1ºC and light intensity of 35 m mol m-2 s-1 for 16 hours, remaining under these conditions for 60 days. After that period, the plants obtained were transferred to pots containing substrates in a greenhouse. The evaluations were performed 120 days after cultivation. It were measured number of shoots, roots dry weight, above-ground dry weight, and number of flowers. On acclimatization, the best results for the variables were obtained with the use of the substrate Plantmax® or Plantmax®+vermiculite for plants originated from culture tissue

Acclimatization of coffee (Coffea racemosa x Coffea arabica) somaclones obtained from temporary immersion bioreactor system (RITA®)

Abstract Brazil is the first producer and second consumer of coffee in the world. Besides, coffee production also provides a million direct and indirect jobs throughout the supply chain. To increase productivity and reduce cost in conventional tissue cultures the temporary immersion of somatic embryos in bioreactor system was employed. During this process acclimatization is the key problem to obtain high-quality seedlings that required high cost. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the acclimatization process of coffee somaclones (Coffea racemosa x Coffea arabica) derived from somatic embryogenesis immersed temporarily in bioreactor system (RITA®). Embryos derived from leaves of the &apos;Siriema 05&apos; cultivar coffee (Coffea racemosa x Coffea arabica) were used in this experiment. The acclimatization stage of cotyledon embryos was realized in three experiments: Experiment 1 -Different substrates and size of cotyledon embryos; Experiment 2 -Different substrates and Stimulate® concentrations; Experiment 3 -Growth of seedlings in different substrates and Osmocote® concentrations. A higher conversion percentage of cotyledonary embryos into seedlings were obtained from embryos grown in the Plantmax® medium with vermiculite and Plantmax® substrate. Moreover, increasing concentrations of Stimulate® and Osmocote® to a substrate concentration of 10.9 g L -1 produced better quality seedlings

Large-scale, high-efficiency production of coffee somatic embryos

The study aims to compare the efficiency of previously used liquid media for coffee, evaluating NAA concentrations in liquid medium and proline in semi-solid medium in the regeneration of somatic embryos and asses concentrations of BA and IAA in the maturation of embryos in temporary immersion bioreactors. For the regeneration of globular embryos from embryogenic aggregates and calli, we tested five concentrations (0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 1.00 and 2.00 mg L-1) of NAA in liquid medium and five concentrations (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 g L-1) of proline in semisolid medium. The multiplication of embryogenic aggregates was highest in culture medium MM, reaching a density 7.5 times greater than that of the initial density. NAA promoted a linear increase in embryo regeneration. The medium containing 2.0 mg L-1 BA and 0.0 mg L-1 IAA yielded the highest percentage of large cotyledonary embryo

FONTES DE NITROGÊNIO NA MICROPROPAGAÇÃO DE Coffea arabica

Considerando que o meio de cultura usado para a propagação de culturas in vitro tem uma alta concentração em minerais, aliado a um custo elevado e à dificuldade de aquisição de nitrato e amônio, objetivouse reduzir a proporção de fontes de nitrogênio (NH4NO3 e KNO3) usadas no meio de cultura de segmentos nodais de Coffea arabica L. cv Rubi. Explantes (2 cm) preestabelecidos in vitro foram inoculados em tubos de ensaio contendo meio de cultura MS acrescido de NH4NO3 e KNO3 (0, 25, 50, 75, e 100 %) e mantidos em sala de crescimento com 27±1 oC e 32 µM.m-2.s-1 de intensidade luminosa por 16 horas diárias. Após 60 dias avaliaram-se o número total de brotos, o peso da matéria fresca da parte aérea e o peso da matéria seca total. Há possibilidade de redução da concentração de NH4NO3 para 50% e de KNO3 para 75%.Considering that the MS medium is very rich in mineral salts ally to the high cost and the difficulty in the acquisition of nitrate and ammonium it was aimed at to reduce the concentration of two sources of nitrogen (NH4NO3 and KNO3) used in the culture medium of nodal segments of Coffea arabica L. cv. Rubi. Explants (2 cm) preestablished in vitro were inoculated in MS medium with NH4NO3 and KNO3 (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 %) and maintained at growth room with 27±1 ºC temperature and 16 hours/day under 32 mM.m-2.s-1 light intensity. After 60 days were evaluated the total number of sprouts, the aerial part fresh matter weight and the total dry matter weight. Its possible to reduce the NH4NO3 concentration to 75% and KNO3 to 50%

Enraizamento in vitro de um porta-enxerto de macieira em diversos substratos In vitro rooting of an apple rootstock in several substrates

O processo tradicional para produção de porta-enxertos de macieira é o de mergulhia, que apresenta baixa eficiência. As técnicas de cultura de tecidos têm sido uma alternativa viável, pois permitem aumentar o rendimento no processo de multiplicação, evitam disseminação de doenças e mantém as características da planta mãe. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo identificar um substituto do ágar no meio de cultivo para o enraizamento do porta-enxerto de macieira (Malus domestica Borkh.) cv. M-7. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 5x4 com 4 repetições e 4 explantes por parcela. As concentrações dos sais do meio MS utilizadas foram 0%, 50%, 100%, 150% e 200% e os substratos foram ágar (3,0 e 6,0 g L-1), vermiculita e areia, em todas as combinações possíveis. Em todos os tratamentos o meio de cultura MS foi suplementado com 1,0 mg L-1 de IBA. As avaliações foram efetuadas 45 dias após a inoculação através dos seguintes parâmetros: altura de brotos, peso da matéria fresca e seca da parte aérea e do sistema radicular. Constatou-se que o melhor desenvolvimento da parte aérea e sistema radicular é obtido com o uso de ágar 3,0 e 6,0 g L-1, independentemente da concentração de sais. O uso de areia apresenta resultados similares ao ágar quando a concentração de sais é de 100% do meio MS.<br>The traditional process for production of apple rootstocks presents low efficiency. The tissue culture techniques have been a viable alternative, because they allow to increase the multiplication process, they avoid dissemination of diseases and maintains the plant mother's characteristics. The objective of this work is identify a substitute for agar in the growth media for the rooting of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) rootstock, cultivar M-7. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 5x4 factorial scheme, with 4 replications and 4 explants per plot. The salt concentrations of the medium MS were 0%, 50%, 100%, 150% and 200 %. The substrates were agar, vermiculite and sand, in all possible combinations. The MS medium was placed into flask and autoclaved at 121ºC for 20 minutes. The growth medium was supplied with 1.0 mg L-1 IBA. The evaluations were monitored through the following parameters: shoot height, dry weight and fresh weight matter of shoot and root system. The best growth shoots and root systems are obtained with the use of agar 3.0 and 6.0 g L-1, regardless of the salt concentrations. The use of sand gave similar results as compared to agar, when the salts concentration was 100% of the MS medium