19 research outputs found

    “Orthotopic” ossiculum terminale persistens and atlantoaxial instability in a child less than 12 years of age: a case report and review of the literature

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    We report ossiculum terminale persistens associated with atlantoaxial instability in a child less than 12 years of age. Static and dynamic X-rays, thin-cut computed tomography with sagittal and coronal reconstructions, and magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spine showed atlantoaxial instability and an “orthotopic” ossiculum terminale persistens. This pathologic state was differentiated from the primary ossification center at the tip of the odontoid, which normally is not expected to fuse with the body of the odontoid until the age of 12 years. The patient was taken to the operating room for a posterior instrumented fusion of C1 and C2. The patient has done well in short- and long-term follow-up

    Individual differences in neural responses to social rejection: The joint effect of self-esteem and attentional control

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    Individuals with low self-esteem have been found to react more negatively to signs of interpersonal rejection than those with high self-esteem. However, previous research has found that individual differences in attentional control can attenuate negative reactions to social rejection among vulnerable, low self-esteem individuals. The current fMRI study sought to elucidate the neurobiological substrate of this buffering effect. We hypothesized and found that while looking at scenes of social rejection (vs negative scenes) low self-esteem high attentional control individuals engaged the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC), an area of the brain associated with emotional control, more than their low self-esteem low attentional control peers. Furthermore, we found that low self-esteem high attentional control individuals evaluated social rejection as less arousing and less rejecting in a separate behavioral task. Importantly, activation in the rACC fully mediated the relationship between the interaction of self-esteem and attentional control and emotional evaluations, suggesting that the rACC activation underlies the buffering effects of attentional control. Results are discussed in terms of individual differences in emotional vulnerability and protection and by highlighting the role of rACC in emotion regulation

    Cohabiting Couples Coping during the COVID-19 Pandemic

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    This project examines changes in relationship quality among cohabiting couples during and after the COVID-19 pandemic and the effect of stress on relationship quality. The goals of the project are to identify key factors that predict both positive and negative changes in relationship quality, as well investigate the ways in which concurrent stress (both partners experiencing stress) uniquely affects relationship and individual outcomes. There are two versions of this study: Version 1 is a 6-month 4-wave longitudinal study tracking individuals who were sheltering in place with their romantic partners during the COVID-19 pandemic. We will also collect data from a subset of their partners. Version 2 includes the same questions as Version 1 but is a cross-sectional study conducted via social media (participants are required to be cohabiting with a romantic partner, but not sheltering-in-place together). We will also collect data from a subset of their partners

    Appreciation and DoL

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    Symbol Erasure Correction in Random Networks With Spread Codes

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    Predictors of relationship satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic

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    Prior work and theory suggest many vulnerabilities, stressors, and adaptive processes shape relationship satisfaction. In the current research, we used machine learning to understand which constructs have greater predictive importance for perceived changes in satisfaction since the pandemic began and satisfaction over the prior week. In a large sample collected at the beginning of the pandemic (N = 1873; Study 1), relationship processes were most predictive, explaining up to 70% of variance in satisfaction. Feeling appreciative of one's partner and being satisfied with quality time spent with one's partner were consistently top predictors of satisfaction. We also examined whether these important predictors were associated with changes in relationship satisfaction across the first year of the pandemic in a longitudinal subsample (N = 618; Study 2). Appreciation and satisfaction with quality time were associated with high and relatively stable relationship satisfaction over time
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