Goodbye to Projects? Working paper 1: Annotated bibliography on livelihood approaches and development interventions.

YesThis paper is one in a series of working papers prepared under a research project on Goodbye to Projects? The Institutional Impacts of a Livelihood Approach on Projects and Project Cycle Management. This is a collaborative project between the Bradford Centre for International Centre for Development (BCID) with the Economic and Policy Research Centre (EPRC), Uganda; Khanya ¿ managing rural change, South Africa; and, the Institute for Development Management (IDM), Tanzania. The project is supported by the UK Department for International Development (DFID) under their Economic and Social Research Programme (ESCOR).Department for International Developmen

Flat Foldings of Plane Graphs with Prescribed Angles and Edge Lengths

When can a plane graph with prescribed edge lengths and prescribed angles (from among $\{0,180^\circ, 360^\circ$\}) be folded flat to lie in an infinitesimally thin line, without crossings? This problem generalizes the classic theory of single-vertex flat origami with prescribed mountain-valley assignment, which corresponds to the case of a cycle graph. We characterize such flat-foldable plane graphs by two obviously necessary but also sufficient conditions, proving a conjecture made in 2001: the angles at each vertex should sum to $360^\circ$, and every face of the graph must itself be flat foldable. This characterization leads to a linear-time algorithm for testing flat foldability of plane graphs with prescribed edge lengths and angles, and a polynomial-time algorithm for counting the number of distinct folded states.Comment: 21 pages, 10 figure

Goodbye to Projects? - Briefing Paper 3: The changing format of development interventions.

yesThis briefing paper reports on research exploring ten detailed case studies of livelihoods-oriented interventions operating in Tanzania, South Africa, Uganda and Lesotho. As a proxy for best practice, these interventions were analysed through an audit of sustainable livelihood `principles¿. This revealed general lessons about both the practical opportunities and challenges for employing sustainable livelihoods approaches to the design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of development interventions and also about the changing format of development interventions.Department for International Development

Goodbye to Projects? Briefing Paper 1: An Overview: Projects and Principles.

YesThis briefing paper reports on research exploring ten detailed case studies of livelihoods-oriented interventions operating in Tanzania, Lesotho, South Africa and Uganda. Analysing these interventions through an audit of sustainable livelihood `principles¿ (as a proxy for best practice) revealed general lessons both about the practical opportunities and challenges for employing sustainable livelihoods approaches to the design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of development interventions and also about the changing format of development interventions.Department for International Developmen

Characterization of Ultrasonic Immersion Transducers

In any ultrasonic NDE experiment, the distributed field properties of the transducer involved represent an important aspect of the overall measurement process. The normal velocity profile across the active face of the transducer is typically used to characterize these properties. In quantitative NDE applications, a simple parametric form is usually assumed for this profile, such as a rigid piston with either the nominal or so-called active probe diameter taken as the parameter value. It has been shown in related studies that such an approach does not characterize all UT transducers accurately in all measurement situations (particularly nearfield versus farfield locations). Thus a new method for individual transducer characterization is presented herein that is based on reconstructions of the unknown probe velocity profile from measurements of the radiated field

Reciprocity-Based Measurement Models for Ultrasonic NDE

Quantitative NDE objectives such as the evaluation of flaw signals and the assessment of inspection capabilities generate the need for models of ultrasonic scattering measurements capable of including all aspects of the measurement process: radiation and reception characteristics of probes, propagation of finite beams, scattering of nonplane-wave fields, and the like. Once such models are developed and validated, that is, proven able to predict the received voltages obtained in actual ultrasonic experiments, they can be used to gain a thorough understanding of the NDE inspection process. Specifically, these models will be useful in investigations of the factors that significantly affect ultrasonic inspections, and they will form the basis for the proper interpretation of flaw signals[1]

Goodbye to Projects? Briefing Paper 2: The Application of the SL Principles.

YesThis briefing paper reports on research exploring ten detailed case studies of livelihoods-oriented interventions operating in Tanzania, South Africa, Uganda and Lesotho. As a proxy for best practice, these interventions were analysed through an audit of sustainable livelihood `principles¿. This revealed general lessons about both the practical opportunities and challenges for employing sustainable livelihoods approaches to the design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of development interventions and also about the changing format of development interventions.Department for International Development