Oregon Land Trusts and Collaboration: Issues, Recommendations, and Tools for Improving Current Collaborative Efforts

Examining committee: Robert Parker (chair), Jean Stockard, Don HoltgrieveOregon land trusts have long worked with other organizations and agencies in order to better fulfill its missions of protecting special lands—land for natural habitat of flora and fauna—from development. But, many barriers exist regarding the ease and understanding of the collaborative process that ultimately hinder the ability for land trusts to protect more land and fulfill its missions. This research investigates Oregon land trusts’ reasons for or against collaborating with other organizations and agencies, to what extent land trusts are collaborating, and how effective those collaborative efforts are perceived to be. This reseach is based on the hypothesis that land trusts choose to collaborate with other agencies and organizations only when it benefits the land trust organization (i.e., by increasing its funds and/or by increasing the number of acres protected). This hypothesis is supported by the results. The study led to a number of practical recommendations and tools land trusts can use in order to improve its current collaboration and partnership processes

The Basicranial Anatomy of the Nimravidae (Mammalia: Carnivora): Character Analyses and Phylogenetic Inferences

The phylogenetic relationships of the Nimravidae (Oligocene through latest Miocene catlike carnivorans) are controversial: they have been placed either within the family Felidae, or as sister group to the Felidae, to the modern aeluroid Carnivora, or to the Caniformia. Adoption of cladistic analysis is not sufficient to resolve this controversy: all of the last three hypotheses of relationship have resulted from cladistic analyses. Competing hypotheses of phylogenetic relationship are here demonstrated to be primarily the result of disagreement about the identification and distribution of characters. Such disagreements reflect the need for a rigorous method of character analysis to enable explicit testing of character identifications and distributions–i.e. homologies–prior to a cladistic analysis. (In cladistic analysis, characters can be tested only weakly, by inclusion in a cladogram; refutation produces only ad hoc hypotheses, difficult to test). I present a method of character analysis that enables stronger tests of hypotheses of homology by using toplogical and developmental relationships, prior to simple cladistic analysis, and by using a parsimony criterion to choose among competing hypotheses of character identifications and distributions. Results are compared with examples of persistent errors arising from the uncritical, blind use of homological morphotypes (producing unquestioned identifications, never subsequently tested) and ancestral morphotypes (producing untested polarities). Several problems and inadequacies of cladistic analysis as presently formulated are described, most important of which is the method\u27s inability to distinguish between a true or correct multichotomy and an unresolved multichotomy . Detailed analysis of the basicranial anatomy of the Nimravidae demonstrates the value of the method of character analysis formulated here. These odd carnivorans are shown to have lacked any medial branch of the internal carotid artery or a fully ossified bulla, and to have possessed instead a lateral branch of the internal carotid (a promontory artery ), a peculiar, thick, partially ossified entotympanic, and a separate posterior petrobasilar foramen. Many aelurcid synapomorphies exclude the Nimravidae from that group, no synapomorphies place them as sister group to the aeluroids, evidence for any caniform relationship is sparse and contradictory, while overall parsimony places the Nimravidae as sister group to the rest of the Carnivora

The Iowa Homemaker vol.26, no.1

Keeping Up With Today, Joyce Edgar, page 2 Foods Graduate Supervises Hawaiian Canteen, Ann Koebel, page 3 First Introduction, Maryann Jones, page 4 Vicky Views Veishea, Charlene Stettler, page 6 She Cooks for the Clouds, Marlyn Cody, page 7 Look Toward Your Future, page 8 What’s New in Home Economics, Marjorie Clampitt, page 10 Pass the Rolls, Mary Ann Hakes, page 12 Modern Education Features Audio-Visual Aids, Nancy Baker, page 13 Hospital Kitchen Affords Experience, Maxine Burch, page 14 Across Alum Desks, Mary Neff, page 17 Roberts Hall Honors a Career of Service, Natalie Benda, page 18 Wardrobe Revivers for Spring, June Welch, page 19 Alums in the News, Goldie Rouse, page 2

The Iowa Homemaker vol.26, no.2

Alma Mater, J. C. Harris, page 2 Travel With Poise, Mary Ann Hakes, page 3 Report From Athens, Joan Kelleher, page 4 Blanche Pederson Interviews an Aussie Bride, Blanche Pederson, page 5 Coeds are Veterans, Too, Mary Margaret Ryan, page 6 Future Home Economics Classroom, Helen Hochriem, page 7 Vicky Grins at the Sun, Breta Soldat, page 9 What’s New in Home Economics, Marjorie Clampitt, page 10 Wardrobe Worries? Here’s What We Wear, Textiles and Clothing Club, page 12 “I Have a Dozen Bosses”, Genevieve Callahan, page 14 Albino Rats Get in on the Ground Floor, Margaret Waterland, page 17 Alums Prove Chemistry can Pay, June Welch, page 18 Education Begins Egyptian Modernizing, Lois Bronson, page 19 Across Alumnae Desks, Mary Neff, page 21 Keeping Up With Today, Joyce Edgar, page 22 How Does Your Garden Grow?, Irene Meyer, page 23 Alums in the News, Goldie Rouse, page 2

A large scale hearing loss screen reveals an extensive unexplored genetic landscape for auditory dysfunction

The developmental and physiological complexity of the auditory system is likely reflected in the underlying set of genes involved in auditory function. In humans, over 150 non-syndromic loci have been identified, and there are more than 400 human genetic syndromes with a hearing loss component. Over 100 non-syndromic hearing loss genes have been identified in mouse and human, but we remain ignorant of the full extent of the genetic landscape involved in auditory dysfunction. As part of the International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium, we undertook a hearing loss screen in a cohort of 3006 mouse knockout strains. In total, we identify 67 candidate hearing loss genes. We detect known hearing loss genes, but the vast majority, 52, of the candidate genes were novel. Our analysis reveals a large and unexplored genetic landscape involved with auditory function

Psychotropic drug influences on brain acetylcholine utilization

The cholinergic antisynthesis agent HC-3 was given intraventricularly to young male rats 20–30 days old to deplete brain acetylcholine (ACh). The rate of HC-3 induced depletion of ACh was used as an index of ACh utilization. Total brain ACh was determined following various doses of chlordiazepoxide, pentobarbital, chlorpromazine, methotrimeprazine, imipramine, morphine, d -amphetamine, scopolamine, LSD-25, and phencyclidine given i.p. alone and after intraventricular administration of HC-3. It was found that psychotropic drugs have marked differential effects on the rate of HC-3 induced ACh depletion.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/46382/1/213_2004_Article_BF00421968.pd

Patients with Complex Chronic Diseases: Perspectives on Supporting Self-Management

A Complex Chronic Disease (CCD) is a condition involving multiple morbidities that requires the attention of multiple health care providers or facilities and possibly community (home)-based care. A patient with CCD presents to the health care system with unique needs, disabilities, or functional limitations. The literature on how to best support self-management efforts in those with CCD is lacking. With this paper, the authors present the case of an individual with diabetes and end-stage renal disease who is having difficulty with self-management. The case is discussed in terms of intervention effectiveness in the areas of prevention, addiction, and self-management of single diseases. Implications for research are discussed

The Science Performance of JWST as Characterized in Commissioning

This paper characterizes the actual science performance of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), as determined from the six month commissioning period. We summarize the performance of the spacecraft, telescope, science instruments, and ground system, with an emphasis on differences from pre-launch expectations. Commissioning has made clear that JWST is fully capable of achieving the discoveries for which it was built. Moreover, almost across the board, the science performance of JWST is better than expected; in most cases, JWST will go deeper faster than expected. The telescope and instrument suite have demonstrated the sensitivity, stability, image quality, and spectral range that are necessary to transform our understanding of the cosmos through observations spanning from near-earth asteroids to the most distant galaxies.Comment: 5th version as accepted to PASP; 31 pages, 18 figures; https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1538-3873/acb29

The James Webb Space Telescope Mission

Twenty-six years ago a small committee report, building on earlier studies, expounded a compelling and poetic vision for the future of astronomy, calling for an infrared-optimized space telescope with an aperture of at least $4m$. With the support of their governments in the US, Europe, and Canada, 20,000 people realized that vision as the $6.5m$ James Webb Space Telescope. A generation of astronomers will celebrate their accomplishments for the life of the mission, potentially as long as 20 years, and beyond. This report and the scientific discoveries that follow are extended thank-you notes to the 20,000 team members. The telescope is working perfectly, with much better image quality than expected. In this and accompanying papers, we give a brief history, describe the observatory, outline its objectives and current observing program, and discuss the inventions and people who made it possible. We cite detailed reports on the design and the measured performance on orbit.Comment: Accepted by PASP for the special issue on The James Webb Space Telescope Overview, 29 pages, 4 figure