Effects of worldview assessment training on counselor\u27s perceived multicultural counseling competence and counseling efficacy

Worldview has been identified as an important construct across disciplines and within the Counseling Psychology field, particularly in the ethical guidelines mandated by governing associations and in the pursuit of developing multicultural counseling competence (MCC). The limited MCC skills training literature has prompted the development of a training protocol to increase counselor capacity to assess client worldview and to decrease the risk for stereotyping clients according to identified culture group in a rigid and superficial manner. The present study tests the Intentional Worldview Questioning protocol as a training tool for increasing MCC, with a pretest posttest with wait list control group design (n = 25). Analyses of results indicate lack of effect of IWQ training on counselor self-reports of MCC, including a measure of skill. Limitations of the study include small sample size, limitations of measurement, and possible effects of pretesting. Future directions are recommended

Effects of worldview assessment training on counselor\u27s perceived multicultural counseling competence and counseling efficacy

Worldview has been identified as an important construct across disciplines and within the Counseling Psychology field, particularly in the ethical guidelines mandated by governing associations and in the pursuit of developing multicultural counseling competence (MCC). The limited MCC skills training literature has prompted the development of a training protocol to increase counselor capacity to assess client worldview and to decrease the risk for stereotyping clients according to identified culture group in a rigid and superficial manner. The present study tests the Intentional Worldview Questioning protocol as a training tool for increasing MCC, with a pretest posttest with wait list control group design (n = 25). Analyses of results indicate lack of effect of IWQ training on counselor self-reports of MCC, including a measure of skill. Limitations of the study include small sample size, limitations of measurement, and possible effects of pretesting. Future directions are recommended

Evolution of antibiotic cross‐resistance and collateral sensitivity in Staphylococcus epidermidis using the mutant prevention concentration and the mutant selection window

In bacteria, evolution of resistance to one antibiotic is frequently associated with increased resistance (cross-resistance) or increased susceptibility (collateral sensitivity) to other antibiotics. Cross-resistance and collateral sensitivity are typically evaluated at the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). However, these susceptibility changes are not well characterized with respect to the mutant prevention concentration (MPC), the antibiotic concentration that prevents a single-step mutation from occurring. We measured the MIC and the MPC for Staphylococcus epidermidis and 14 single-drug resistant strains against seven antibiotics. We found that the MIC and the MPC were positively correlated but that this correlation weakened if cross-resistance did not evolve. If any type of resistance did evolve, the range of concentrations between the MIC and the MPC tended to shift right and widen. Similar patterns of cross-resistance and collateral sensitivity were observed at the MIC and MPC levels, though more symmetry was observed at the MIC level. Whole-genome sequencing revealed mutations in both known-target and nontarget genes. Moving forward, examining both the MIC and the MPC may lead to better predictions of evolutionary trajectories in antibiotic-resistant bacteria

Evolution of antibiotic cross‐resistance and collateral sensitivity in Staphylococcus epidermidis using the mutant prevention concentration and the mutant selection window

In bacteria, evolution of resistance to one antibiotic is frequently associated with increased resistance (cross-resistance) or increased susceptibility (collateral sensitivity) to other antibiotics. Cross-resistance and collateral sensitivity are typically evaluated at the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). However, these susceptibility changes are not well characterized with respect to the mutant prevention concentration (MPC), the antibiotic concentration that prevents a single-step mutation from occurring. We measured the MIC and the MPC for Staphylococcus epidermidis and 14 single-drug resistant strains against seven antibiotics. We found that the MIC and the MPC were positively correlated but that this correlation weakened if cross-resistance did not evolve. If any type of resistance did evolve, the range of concentrations between the MIC and the MPC tended to shift right and widen. Similar patterns of cross-resistance and collateral sensitivity were observed at the MIC and MPC levels, though more symmetry was observed at the MIC level. Whole-genome sequencing revealed mutations in both known-target and nontarget genes. Moving forward, examining both the MIC and the MPC may lead to better predictions of evolutionary trajectories in antibiotic-resistant bacteria

FLaK: Mixing Feminism, Legality and Knowledge

© 2015, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht. This editorial explains the themes of the forthcoming FLaK seminar and how those themes draw on the collective and individual contributions of the articles, interviews and commentaries presented in this issue. At FLaK, we propose to think with others about the kind of ‘kitchen table’ that FLS might provide into the future. How might feminist legal studies—the approach and the journal—best use its food, equipment, techniques, time, space, mood, energy and commitment? How shall FLS scholars and associates make the most of what we have in a room that can sometimes be confining and confusing, yet also exciting and sustaining? How do others engage with the processes and products of our kitchen table? In considering these issues and more, we propose to draw reflexively on feminist legacies of praxis, internationalism and openness, as we stock up and critically reflect on decolonizing techniques, legal know-how, protest and publishing practices