Majoon-E-Piyaz: A Potent Unani Formulation for Premature Ejaculation

Surʻat-e-Inzāl (Premature Ejaculation) is the most prevalent male sexual dysfunction affecting 25 - 40% global population of men. It is a universal disorder and is independent of age, social or marital status. It has a significant impact on both- patients and their partners, causing distress, anxiety and relationship difficulties affecting the quality of life. Several aetiologies have been proposed by various researchers which are not evidence-based but speculative. Accordingly the International Society for Sexual Medicine (ISSM) issued treatment guidelines for Premature Ejaculation (PE) recommending Serotonergic Antidepressants (SSRIs) and Local Anaesthetics (LA) for its management in modern medicine. However, these treatments were not actually developed for PE, and have limitations associated with their off-label use. Furthermore, nearly all the recommended drugs have a wider spectrum of adverse effects and serious drug interactions which sometimes could be fatal. On the other hand, centuries old Unani medicine offers a complete line of treatment for Surʻat-e-Inzāl based on traditional knowledge and experience. Unani physicians devised a large number of poly-herbal recipes which are still in vogue.  Majoon-e-Piyaz (MP) is one of the compound Unani formulations which are in use for the treatment of premature ejaculation since centuries. This article is an attempt to summarize scientific investigations in support of the claim made by Unani physicians regarding Majoon-e-Piyaz (MP).  Keywords: Surʻat-e-Inzāl, Premature Ejaculation, Majoon-e-Piyaz, Unani Medicin

A REVIEW OF BREAST CANCER RISK FACTORS

Breast cancer is a commonly diagnosed neoplastic ailment in females particularly near menopause. This ailment signifies a substantial health problem as it has influenced a large number of women. Several risk factors are associated with breast cancer that cannot be altered, but certain can be modified. The existence of risk factors of breast carcinoma does not mean that cancer is unavoidable; numerous females having risk factors not ever developed the disease. The risk factors aid in identifying the females who may get help at maximum from screening or other precautionary measures. It is noteworthy that breast carcinoma can also ensue in females with no recognizable risk factors. The augmented occurrence of breast cancer worldwide revealed by several epidemiological investigations indicates the need of aiming multidirectional investigations so as to ascertain risk factors linked with the incidence of this disease. Peer Review History: Received 16 September 2017;   Revised 2 October; Accepted 22 October, Available online 15 November 2017 Academic Editor: Dr. DANIYAN Oluwatoyin Michael, Obafemi Awolowo University, ILE-IFE, Nigeria, [email protected] UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. Received file:        Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 4.5/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Dr. Tanveer Ahmed Khan, Hajvery University, Lahore, Pakistan, [email protected] Dr. Sabah Hussien El-Ghaiesh , Tanta University, Egypt, [email protected] Similar Articles: TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH ADVANCED CANCER FOLLOWING CHEMOTHERAPY AND TRADITIONAL MEDICINE - LONG TERM FOLLOW UP OF 75 CASE

Design and Modeling of 9 Degrees of Freedom Redundant Robotic Manipulator

In disaster areas, robot manipulators are used to rescue and clearance of sites. Because of the damaged area, they encounter disturbances like obstacles, and limited workspace to explore the area and to achieve the location of the victims. Increasing the degrees of freedom is required to boost the adaptability of manipulators to avoid disturbances, and to obtain the fast desired position and precise movements of the end-effector. These robot manipulators offer a reliable way to handle the barrier challenges since they can search in places that humans can't reach. In this research paper, the 9-DOF robotic manipulator is designed, and an analytical model is developed to examine the system’s behavior in different scenarios. The kinematic and dynamic representation of the proposed model is analyzed to obtain the translation or rotation, and joint torques to achieve the expected position, velocity, and acceleration respectively. The number of degrees may be raised to avoid disturbances, and to obtain the fast desired position and precise movements of the end-effector. The simulation of developed models is performed to ensure the adaptable movement of the manipulators working in distinct configurations and controlling their motion thoroughly and effectively. In the proposed configuration the joints can easily be moved to achieve the desired position of the end-effector and the results are satisfactory. The simulation results show that the redundant manipulator achieves the victim location with various configurations of the manipulator. Results reveal the effectiveness and efficacy of the proposed system

SURʻAT-E-INZĀL (PREMATURE EJACULATION) AND ITS MANAGEMENT BY UNANI MEDICINE

Surʻat-e-Inzāl (Premature Ejaculation) is the most prevalent male sexual dysfunction affecting 25 - 40% global population of men. It is a universal disorder and is independent of age, social or marital status. It has a significant impact on both- patients and their partners, causing distress, anxiety and relationship difficulties affecting the quality of life. Several aetiologies have been proposed by various researchers which are not evidence-based but speculative. Accordingly the International Society for Sexual Medicine (ISSM) issued treatment guidelines for Premature Ejaculation (PE) recommending Serotonergic Antidepressants (SSRIs) and Local Anaesthetics (LA) for its management in modern medicine. However, these treatments were not actually developed for PE, and have limitations associated with their off-label use. Furthermore, nearly all the recommended drugs have a wider spectrum of adverse effects and serious drug interactions which sometimes could be fatal. On the other hand, centuries old Unani medicine offers a complete line of treatment for Surʻat-e-Inzāl based on traditional knowledge and experience. Firstly, various single as well as compound Unani formulations have been in use since long for the treatment of Surʻat-e-Inzāl and found effective and safe. Secondly, the benefits of herbal and other natural products are increasingly being sighted because of their lesser side effects. Keeping the limitations and adverse effects posed by conventional treatment of PE in mind, an attempt has been made in this paper to review the use of age old Unani System of Medicine for the treatment and management of Premature Ejaculation. Keywords: Premature; Ejaculation; Unani; Surʻat-e-Inzāl; Quwwat-e-Masik

CONCEPT AND MANAGEMENT OF WAJA‘AL-MAFᾹSIL (ARTHRITIS) IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE

Arthritis is described in Unani system of Medicine under a broad term Waja‘al-Mafāsil which covers entire joint disorders like inflammatory, non-inflammatory, infectious, metabolic and other musculoskeletal disorders. According to Unani concept, the pathological changes in the joints are caused mainly by derangement of humoural (Akhlat) temperament and accumulation of Fasid madda (Morbid material) in the joint spaces. The main principles of treatment in Unani system of Medicine include Ilaj Bil Ghiza (Dieto-therapy), Ilaj Bit Tadbeer (Regimenal therapy) and Ilaj Bid Dawa (Pharmacotherapy). All the said principles are recommended for the treatment of Waja‘al-Mafāsil. The aim of treatment for patient with Waja‘al-Mafāsil is to reduce morbidity and disability. In India it affects 15% (180 million) people. Ancient Unani scholars have elaborately described Waja‘al-Mafāsil and managed with multidimensional approach, where as with the present day management of disease mainly with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) which have large number of adverse effects. This review article highlight the salient features describing arthritis with reference to Waja‘al-Mafāsil for empathizing disease condition as enunciated by Unani scholars to provide a better alternative in terms of cost effective managements and side effects. Keywords: Waja‘al-Mafāsil, Arthritis, Joints pain, Unani medicin

Majoon Suranjan: A Potent Unani formulation for Arthritis

 Unani System of medicine is one among the oldest systems that prevails till date with its efficient drugs derived from animal, plant and mineral resources. Over 2400 years ago the father of medicine, Hippocrates practiced it, however His medicine included a great deal of ancient Egyptian medicine as well as important components of the ancient Mesopotamian traditions. In Unani system of medicine, arthritis is described under a broad term Waja-ul-Mafasil which encompasses entire joint disorders like inflammatory, non-inflammatory, infectious, metabolic and other musculoskeletal disorders. A large number of drugs, single and compound formulations, have been mentioned in the context of the treatment of Waja-ul-Mafasil. Among them, Majoon Suranjan is one of the most reputed poly pharmaceutical preparations of Unani system of Medicine used in Waja-ul-Mafasil. It is attributed to Indrumakhas of Greece (Andromachos, the elder, court physician to King Nero) who formulated it in consultation with several other philosophers of his time. This Unani compound formulation contains twenty ingredients, which is used as digestive, purgative, anti inflammatory, stomachic, deobstruent, antiarthritic, nervine tonic. It is also indicated for use in phlegmatic diseases. Keywords: Majoon Suranjan, Ingredients, Arthritis, Unani Medicine

An open label hepatoprotective activity of Jawārish bisbāsā in central obesity patients

Liver plays a major role in metabolism and excretion of xenobiotics. Liver dysfunction is a major health problem that challenges health care professionals, pharmaceutical industry and drug regulatory agencies. The most common symptoms are fatigue and discomfort in abdomen while in patients who are obese with BMI > 25, about one third have metabolic syndromes. The present clinical research was conducted in Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine, Aligarh. The patients under trial were selected from GOPD of institute for obesity and it was observed that out of total registered patients’ approx 28% have elevated liver enzymes from its normal range without any sign and symptom of hepatitis etc. Total 23 patients were selected from the study whose liver enzymes (SGOT, SGPT and ALP) were high at the baseline. Unani pharmacopoeial drug Jawārish bisbāsā 7 g daily was prescribed with lukewarm water in the morning and evening empty stomach for 8 weeks. At the end of study the result were compared with base line. It was observed that Jawārish bisbāsā significantly reduced the liver enzymes, e.g. SGOT, SGPT, Alkaline Phosphatase in comparison to baseline values. It may be concluded that Jawārish bisbāsā showed hepatoprotective effect in this clinical study.

Effectiveness of unani regimen in protecting high risk population from COVID -19: A pilot study

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread globally. COVID-19 presents varied clinical features. The present study focuses on number of patients turning COVID-19 positive, change in Immune Status Questionnaire (ISQ) and WHO quality of life- Bref (WHO Qol – BREF) scales after taking intervention. This open labelled, double arm, controlled, interventional, clinical trial was conducted on high-risk individuals i.e., those residing with a COVID-19 positive member in the identified quarantine area. This twin armed study was conducted on asymptomatic individuals exposed to COVID -19. The test group were prescribed Unani poly-herbal decoction together with Unani formulations Khamira Marwareed and Tiryaq e Arba whereas the control group was not on any intervention. The duration of intervention was 20 days; follow ups were planned on day 10 and day 20. Of the 81 participants enrolled, none of the patients turned COVID-19 positive. However, 13.58% (n=11) developed COVID like symptoms and 70 patients completed the study. The mean age of the participants was 41.42±16.9 years; however, majority of the participants were 18-28 years male with Damvi (Sanguine) temperament. The quality of life of the intervention group improved significantly however, the immune status in both the groups increased with P <0.001. The Unani prophylactic regimen provides a 62% (relative risk reduction) protection against COVID -19. This pilot study paves for a study on a larger population. No adverse effects were observed during the study. Absence of biochemical investigations were limitations to the study

Clinical Efficacy of <i style="">Hijamat</i> (Cupping) in <i style="">Waja-ul-Mafasil</i> (Arthritis)

412-415Cupping is one of the oldest and most practiced therapies of the Unani System of Medicine. Unani physicians have described it thoroughly and indicated in various diseases e.g. arthritis, migraine, asthma, headache, hemorrhoids, etc. Arthritis is a very common problem in present day scenario. In this study, an attempt is being made to evaluate the efficacy of cupping in patients of arthritis. 30 patients were randomly selected, of which 20 patients were kept in the test group i.e. these patients were given the cupping therapy, while the rest 10 patients were in the control group and were not receiving the cupping therapy. At the end of the study, it was concluded that cupping is an effective therapy for the patients of arthritis

Fungal sinusitis in an immunocompetent patient: a case report

The frequency of fungal rhinosinusitis is increasing over the last two decades worldwide. It is classified into two main types: the invasive disease with a poor prognosis which is predominantly seen in patients with some form of immunosuppression and chronic fungal rhinosinusitis usually affecting the immunocompetent individuals. We present a case of fungal sinusitis in an immunocompetent 40-year-old male. The patient had a history of recent onset of progressive nasal blockage, discharge, and cough. Computed tomography scan of paranasal sinuses showed bilateral maxillary, left ethmoidal and sphenoidal sinusitis, and left inferior nasal turbinate hypertrophy. The sample received was necrotic slough from the nose that was processed for histopathology, and special stains, including Grocott&rsquo;s Methenamine Silver and Periodic Acid Schiff were applied based on which the diagnosis of non-invasive fungal infection was made. Due to early diagnosis, the patient responded well to sinus clearance and conservative management in the clinical setting.</p