Understanding the Pizza Baking Properties of Low Moisture Part Skim (LMPS) Mozzarella Cheese

Mozzarella cheese is expected to melt, stretch, release free oil and exhibit browning and blistering when baked on pizza. This research aimed to investigate the effects of different starter cultures (based on lactose and galactose utilizing ability) and calcium levels on the functionality of Mozzarella cheese when baked on pizza. Four combinations of starter cultures using S. thermophilus (STI 06)-control, Lac+ Gal+ L. helveticus (LH 32), and Lac- Gal+ adjunct culture L. helveticus (LH 7995) were used to make the cheese samples. Various tests were conducted over a seven-week period to evaluate their baking properties. The melting of the cheese was studied using an MCR- 302 Rheometer, and the amount of release of free oil was measured. The pizzas were baked, and image analysis was used to determine the extent of browning and blistering on each pizza. The cheese made with LH-7995 exhibited less browning on the pizza after four weeks, which was attributed to reduced levels of galactose, a major contributor to the browning reaction. Over the storage period, tendency to brown on pizza increased for Mozzarella cheese increased due to continuous proteolysis. In addition, Mozzarella cheese samples were prepared with different levels of calcium by adjusting the whey drain pH (6.4, 6.0, 5.6) during the production process. Cheese samples with a higher drain pH had 15.4% higher levels of insoluble calcium compared to samples with a lower drain pH. Samples with a low calcium showed more free oil release, better melting and less browning. Free oil prevents excessive browning by forming a layer on top of pizza during baking therefore, leading to low browning and blistering. The functional properties of Mozzarella cheese can be significantly improved by using gal+ bacteria cultures and adjusting the insoluble calcium levels. These findings offer insights into enhancing the quality of Mozzarella cheese for different applications

ERalpha isoforms modulate the tumorigenicity of 24R,25(OH)2D3 in estrogen-responsive cancer

Over 200,000 cases of breast cancer are diagnosed every year. Nearly 20% of these patients supplement their diets with some form of vitamin D. This high frequency of vitamin D supplement use may be due in part to research suggesting that cancer patients with higher serum vitamin D3 levels have better prognoses than patients with low serum vitamin D3. However, double-blind clinical trials on the efficacy of vitamin D3 supplementation in breast cancer have been inconclusive. A recent meta-analysis showed evidence of reduced cancer recurrence in patients taking vitamin D3 supplements who had ‘estrogen receptor positive’ (ERα66+) breast cancer, but not those who had estrogen receptor negative’ (ERα66-) breast cancer. Once ingested, vitamin D3 is metabolized in the liver into the circulating pre-hormone 25(OH)D3, which is then further metabolized into 1a,25(OH)2D3 and 24R,25(OH)2D3. 24R,25(OH)2D3 has been shown to activate a number of membrane signaling pathways, some of which overlap with 17b-estradiol (E2) signaling through ERα36, a membrane isoform of ERα66. The central hypothesis of this thesis was that 24R,25(OH)2D3 is tumorigenic in certain cancers and that this tumorigenicity is mediated in part by ERa isoforms. E2 signaling through ERa36 has been described in the ERa66-, ERa36+ breast cancer cell line HCC381. Specific aim 1 determined whether E2 signaling through ERa36 was tumorigenic other cancers with different ERa profiles. Specific aim 2 determined how 24R,25(OH)2D3 affected tumorigenicity in breast cancer using the common breast cancer cell line MCF7 (ERa66+, ERa36+) as a model. Specific aim 3 investigated the role of ERa isoforms in 24R,25(OH)2D3 signaling in breast cancer cell lines by comparing the tumorigenic effects of 24R,25(OH)2D3 in MCF7 cells (ERa66+, ERa36+) and HCC38 cells (ERa66-, ERa36+). To determine whether ERa66 regulates the effects of 24R,25(OH)2D3, ERa66 was expressed in two ERα66- cell lines. The effect of 24R,25(OH)2D3 on apoptosis was assessed in wild-type and ERa-expressing cell lines

Clean Energy Access : Gender Disparity, Health, and Labor Supply

Women are known to bear the largest share of health, time and labor supply burden associated with a lack of modern energy. In this paper, we study the impact of clean energy access on adult health and labor supply outcomes by exploiting a nationwide rollout of clean cooking fuel program in Indonesia. This program led to a large-scale fuel switching, from kerosene, a dirty fuel, to liquid petroleum gas, a significantly cleaner and efficient cooking fuel than kerosene. Using rich longitudinal survey data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey and the staggered structure of the program roll-out, we find that access to clean cooking fuel led to a significant improvement in women's health, particularly among those who spend most of their time indoors doing housework. We also find an increase in the labor supplied by these women on both intensive and extensive margins. This suggests that having clean and efficient cooking fuel may not only improve women's health but also improve their productivity, subsequently allowing them to supply more market labor. For men, we find an increase in the labor supplied only along the intensive margin, with a higher increase among men in households where women accrued the largest health and labor benefits from the program. These results highlight the role of clean energy in reducing gender-disparity in health and labor participation and point to the existence of positive externality from improved health and productivity of women on other members of the household.Imelda gratefully acknowledges support from European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (772331

A Review On Green Cloud Computing

The objective of green computing is to reap monetary growth and enhance the way the computing devices are used. In large data centers computational offloading is main problem due to increased demand for timely and response for real time application which lead to high energy consumption by data centers, so the aim of green computing is to find energy efficient solution which monopolize optimal utilization of the available resources. Green IT methods comprises of environmentally viable management, energy efficient computers and enhanced recycling procedures. By using different algorithm and energy efficient scheduling power consumption of virtual machine can be minimize, this paper provide an overview of different algorithms and techniques which are used to move towards the green computing

A descriptive study to assess the knowledge of coronavirus among nursing students, Sirmaur, Himachal Pradesh

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging infectious disease caused by novel coronavirus and hence this pandemic has a great impact on the education system. Nursing students as part of the health team should know the coronavirus like other communicable diseases. Methods: A quantitative approach and cross-sectional survey research design used to assess the knowledge of Coronavirus among 145 nursing students of district Sirmaur selected through the convenient sampling technique. An online self-structured questionnaire used as a tool for data collection. Descriptive data analysis was done with SPSS (version 23).Results: The result of the study revealed that only 31.7% of students had good knowledge about COVID-19, and 68.3% had average knowledge. Conclusions: There is a need for intervention such as educational programs or pieces of training to educate about the pandemic and its prevention practices to undergraduate students to make our society more secure

A Clinical Study on Uttar Basti of Bhrihat Shatavari Ghrita and Baladi Churna in the management of Female Infertility w.s.r. to Endometrial Receptivity

Introduction: Endometrial factor comes under the umbrella of Kshetra, which is one of the important factor for conception described in Ayurveda i.e Rutu, Kshetra, Ambu , Beej. Decreased endometrial factor is the major cause of implantation failure, Therefore the present study was carried out for the clinical evaluation of efficacy of Uttar Basti of Bhrihat Shatavari Ghrita and Baladi Churna in female infertility w.s.r endometrial factor. Materials and methods: A simple randomized clinical trial was conducted of total 28 registered patients in two groups i.e. First Group with Bhrihat Shatavari Ghrita Uttar Basti combined with Baladi Churna Oral and other Group Baladi Churna Oral. Assessment of results was done on the basis of Appelbaum’s USSR by the tool of Transvaginal colour doppler sonography. Results: Study shows statistically highly significant (p>0.001) effect of therapies in the both groups but clinically Group A (Bhrihat Shatavari Ghrita Uttar Basti combined with Baladi Churna Oral) provided better result in upgrading endometrial receptivity comparatively. Conclusion: It can be concluded that Bhrihat Shatavari Ghrita Uttar Basti combined with Baladi Churna Oral overall can be a better choice in improving endometrial receptivity in cases of female infertility

INFLUENCE OF MEDIA GELLING AGENTS ON ROOT BIOMASS AND IN VITRO VA-MYCORRfflZAL SYMBIOSIS OF CARROT WITH GIGASPORA MARGARITA

An in vitro study with Ri-TDNA transformed roots of carrot  (Daucus carota) was carried out  to evaluate  the role of macro-elements contributed as impurities in  the gelling agent (phytagel) over and above  those present  in the minimal (M) medium. Production of root biomass was taken as a measure to quantify the influence of macro-elements added to the minimal medium. The levels of phosphorus when adjusted to 1.19 mg/1 and 1.09 mg/l, lead to dry root biomass production at par with the control. Attempts made to lower the amount of impurities in phytagel by de-ionization using different alkalies, proved NaOH to give the best results in terms of relatively high amount of root biomass. In an in vitro dual culture system with carrot as host and Gigaspora margarita as the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, phytagel impurities helped to produce maximum number of infection units and auxiliary cells when phytagel was added to the minimal medium.Key words:    Agrobacterium    rhiiogenesfDaucus    caro/a/Gelling    agents/diaspora    margarita/Macro- elements/Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza/Transformed roots

Carrier preference after graduation among AIIMS nursing students: higher education or government job as nursing officer

Background: Career by choice means that a student chooses a career of their own choice according to their interests and the demands of time. The present study aimed to investigate the preferences of pursuing government jobs or higher education among final-year nursing undergraduates and perceived barriers to pursuing higher education in nursing. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional web-based study was conducted among 207 final-year B.Sc. nursing students from May 2021 to June 2021 at the various All India Institutes of Medical Sciences of India. Data collection was done using total enumerative sampling techniques by self-structured questionnaire. A descriptive statistic was applied to prepare the results. Results: Findings suggested that the government job after graduation was the priority among students (63.3%), and only (30.4%) of students were highly motivated to pursue higher education in nursing. The majority (42.9%) of respondents given a reason to choose a nursing course were not selected in NEET-UG. Further data revealed that the reason for choosing the job over higher education was financial independence. Findings also reported that the student's perspectives towards the nursing profession were a lack of respect as compared to other medical professions, stigma in society, socially less accepted professions, fewer opportunities in research and education, and gender discrimination in the profession. Conclusions: The findings necessitate the need for a sensitization program to develop awareness of the benefits of pursuing higher education. This may change the stigma and improve the social image of the profession

Influence of Media Gelling Agents on Root Biomass and in Vitro Va-mycorrfflzal Symbiosis of Carrot with Gigaspora Margarita

An in vitro study with Ri-TDNA transformed roots of carrot (Daucus carota) was carried out to evaluate the role of macro-elements contributed as impurities in the gelling agent (phytagel) over and above those present in the minimal (M) medium. Production of root biomass was taken as a measure to quantify the influence of macro-elements added to the minimal medium. The levels of phosphorus when adjusted to 1.19 mg/1 and 1.09 mg/l, lead to dry root biomass production at par with the control. Attempts made to lower the amount of impurities in phytagel by de-ionization using different alkalies, proved NaOH to give the best results in terms of relatively high amount of root biomass. In an in vitro dual culture system with carrot as host and Gigaspora margarita as the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, phytagel impurities helped to produce maximum number of infection units and auxiliary cells when phytagel was added to the minimal medium