18 research outputs found
Transcatheter closure of iatrogenic perimembranous ventricular septal defect after aortic valve and ascending aorta replacement using an Amplatzer membranous ventricular septal occluder
Iatrogenic perimembranous ventricular septal defect is a rare complication after surgical
replacement of the aortic valve, and so transcatheter closure of such a defect is not a routine
procedure. We report the successful closure of an iatrogenic perimembranous ventricular
septal defect which occurred after the replacement of the aortic valve and ascending aorta.
(Cardiol J 2008; 15: 189-191
Fibroelastoma papillare zastawki aortalnej u 67−letniej pacjentki po przebytym zawale serca
We present a case of a 67-year-old female patient with diagnosed papillary fibroelastoma (PFE) of the aortic valve. Eight months before the tumour discovery a non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction without essential coronary artery restriction was diagnosed. The tumour was excised (during the aortotomy under cardiopulmonary bypass at systemic hypothermia) without any aortic valve injury. The main symptoms of PFE along with diagnostic techniques and treatment were described.We present a case of a 67-year-old female patient with diagnosed papillary fibroelastoma (PFE) of the aortic valve. Eight months before the tumour discovery a non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction without essential coronary artery restriction was diagnosed. The tumour was excised (during the aortotomy under cardiopulmonary bypass at systemic hypothermia) without any aortic valve injury. The main symptoms of PFE along with diagnostic techniques and treatment were described
Przezcewnikowe wszczepianie zastawek aortalnych w 2010 roku
Przezcewnikowa implantacja zastawki aortalnej (TAVI, transcatheter aortic valve implantation)
jest stosunkowo now膮 alternatyw膮 dla klasycznej chirurgicznej wymiany zastawki
u pacjent贸w z wysokim ryzykiem operacyjnym. Obecnie dost臋pne zastawki do wszczepiania
przezcewnikowego pozwalaj膮 w najlepszych o艣rodkach uzyska膰 ponad 95-procentow膮 skuteczno艣膰
zabiegu przy 30-dniowym ryzyku zgonu nieprzekraczaj膮cym 10–12%. Podstaw膮 sukcesu
jest odpowiednia kwalifikacja pacjent贸w i wykonywanie zabieg贸w przez do艣wiadczony wielospecjalistyczny
zesp贸艂. W procesie oceny anatomicznych warunk贸w do wszczepienia zastawki
stosuje si臋 nowoczesne metody obrazowania, takie jak: echokardiografia przezprze艂ykowa
i tr贸jwymiarowa, wielorz臋dowa tomografia komputerowa wysokiej rozdzielczo艣ci i rezonans
magnetyczny. W celu wszczepienia zastawki wykorzystuje si臋 kilka dr贸g dost臋pu: przezkoniuszkow膮,
przez t臋tnic臋 udow膮, podobojczykow膮, pachow膮 oraz przez aort臋 wst臋puj膮c膮. Aktualnie
dost臋pne systemy do przezsk贸rnego wszczepiania zastawek aortalnych CoreValve庐 Re-
Valving庐 System (Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN, Stany Zjednoczone) i Edwards SAPIEN
XTTM Transcatheter Heart Valve (Edwards Lifescience, Irvine, CA, Stany Zjednoczone) maj膮
艣rednic臋 18 F, co znacznie zmniejszy艂o liczb臋 powik艂a艅 w por贸wnaniu ze stosowanymi jeszcze
niedawno systemami o wi臋kszej 艣rednicy. Wszczepienie przezcewnikowe zastawki aortalnej
u chorych z ci臋偶k膮 stenoz膮 aortaln膮, u kt贸rych wyst臋puj膮 objawy, istotnie poprawia komfort 偶ycia
i zmniejsza 艣miertelno艣膰 w okresie 6–12-miesi臋cznej obserwacji. Do pa藕dziernika 2010 roku
na 艣wiecie wszczepiono przezcewnikowo ponad 26 000 zastawek, z tego w Europie oko艂o
12 000. W krajach zachodniej Europy i Ameryki P贸艂nocnej TAVI stanowi膮 coraz wi臋kszy
odsetek zabieg贸w wymiany zastawek aortalnych. Podstawowym czynnikiem decyduj膮cym
o atrakcyjno艣ci tej procedury jest mo偶liwo艣膰 przeprowadzenia zabiegu na bij膮cym sercu bez
sternotomii, znieczulenia og贸lnego i zastosowania kr膮偶enia pozaustrojowego, co przek艂ada si臋
na mniejsze ryzyko zabiegu i kr贸tsz膮 rehabilitacj臋, zw艂aszcza u starszych i bardzo obci膮偶onych
pacjent贸w. (Folia Cardiologica Excerpta 2010; 5, 6: 361–370
Strategia post臋powania rehabilitacyjnego po zabiegach kardiochirurgicznych
Istotnym zadaniem rehabilitacji przed zabiegiem kardiochirurgicznym jest przygotowanie chorego
do operacji. Z kolei g艂贸wny cel fizjoterapii we wczesnym okresie pooperacyjnym obejmuje
zmniejszenie ryzyka powik艂a艅 zwi膮zanych z unieruchomieniem chorego. Dalsze post臋powanie
usprawniaj膮ce zale偶y od stanu klinicznego pacjenta, jego wydolno艣ci fizycznej i kondycji psychicznej
oraz wyst臋powania powik艂a艅 pooperacyjnych. Rehabilitacja poszpitalna postrzegana
jest jako najwa偶niejszy okres w ca艂ym procesie leczenia i w po艂膮czeniu z edukacj膮 zdrowotn膮
(modyfikacja diety, zwalczanie na艂og贸w i zwi臋kszenie aktywno艣ci fizycznej) stanowi kluczowy
element prewencji wt贸rnej. (Folia Cardiologica Excerpta 2010; 5, 3: 135-140
safety and efficacy of miniaturized extracorporeal circulation when compared with off pump and conventional coronary artery bypass grafting evidence synthesis from a comprehensive bayesian framework network meta analysis of 134 randomized controlled trials involving 22 778 patients
Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) remains the standard of care in patients with extensive coronary artery disease. Yet the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is believed to be a major determinant of perioperative morbidity. Novel techniques are sought to tackle the shortcomings of CPB, among them off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) and miniaturized extracorporeal circulation (MECC) systems have been extensively tested in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). To assess perioperative safety and efficacy of MECC and OPCAB when compared with conventional extracorporeal circulation (CECC).Published literature and major congress proceedings were screened for RCTs evaluating the safety and efficacy of MECC, OPCAB and CECC. Selected end-points such as 30-day all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), cerebral stroke, postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) and renal dysfunction were assessed in a Bayesian-framework network meta-analysis.A total of 134 studies with 22 778 patients were included. When compared with CECC, both OPCAB and MECC significantly reduced 30-day all-cause mortality [odds ratios (95% credible intervals): 0.75 (0.51-0.99) and 0.46 (0.22-0.91)], respectively. No differences in respect to MI were demonstrated with either strategy. OPCAB, when compared with CECC, reduced the odds of cerebral stroke [0.57 (0.34-0.80)]; 60% reduction was observed with MECC when compared with CECC [0.40 (0.19-0.78)]. Both OPCAB and MECC reduced the odds of POAF [0.66 (0.48-0.90) and 0.62 (0.35-0.98), respectively] when compared with CECC. OPCAB conferred over 30% reduction of renal dysfunction when compared with CECC [0.69 (0.46-0.92)]. MECC reduced these odds by more than 50% [0.47 (0.24-0.89)]. Ranking of treatments emerging from the probability analysis (highest to lowest SUCRA values) was MECC followed by OPCAB and CECC.MECC and OPCAB both improve perioperative outcomes following coronary bypass surgery when compared with conventional CABG performed with extracorporeal circulation. MECC may represent an attractive compromise between OPCAB and CECC
Echocardiogram of the monthLeft atrial tumour detected during routine echocardiography in a patient with acute myocardial infarction
Assessment of the Procoagulant Activity of Microparticles and the Protein Z System in Patients Undergoing Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery
Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials assessing safety and efficacy of posterior pericardial drainage in patients undergoing heart surgery.
OBJECTIVES
To investigate the potential beneficial effects of posterior pericardial drainage in patients undergoing heart surgery.
METHODS
Multiple online databases and relevant congress proceedings were screened for randomized controlled trials assessing the efficacy and safety of posterior pericardial drainage, defined as posterior pericardiotomy incision, chest聽tube to posterior pericardium, or both. Primary endpoint was in-hospital/30聽days' cardiac tamponade. Secondary endpoints comprised death or cardiac聽arrest, early聽and late pericardial effusion, postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF), acute kidney injury, pulmonary complications, and length of hospital stay.
RESULTS
Nineteen randomized controlled trials that enrolled 3425 patients were included. Posterior pericardial drainage was associated with a significant 90% reduction of the odds of cardiac tamponade compared with the control group: odds ratio (95% confidence interval) 0.13 (0.07-0.25); P聽<聽.001. The corresponding event rates were 0.42% versus 4.95%. The odds of early and late pericardial effusion were reduced significantly in the intervention arm: 0.20 (0.11-0.36); P聽<聽.001 and 0.05 (0.02-0.10); P聽<聽.001, respectively. Posterior pericardial drainage significantly reduced the odds of POAF by 58% (P聽<聽.001) and was associated with significantly shortened (by nearly 1聽day) overall length of hospital stay (P聽<聽.001). Reductions in postoperative complications translated into significantly reduced odds of death or cardiac arrest (P聽=聽.03) and numerically lower odds of acute kidney injury (P聽=聽.08).
CONCLUSIONS
Posterior pericardial drainage is safe and simple technique that significantly reduces not only the prevalence of early pericardial effusion and POAF but also late pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade. These benefits, in turn, translate into improved survival after heart surgery