Correlations of Lactobacillus in Saliva and OHI, PI, GI and PBI Indices in Pregnant Women

Pregnancy is a completely new physiological condition that stimulates important protective forces of the future mother. The changes that occur in the body of the pregnant woman are hormonal, biochemical, anatomical, and histological which are manifested in the functions of all organs. This study included 66 pregnant women in their first pregnancy living in Pristina or coming from nearby places in Kosovo. It aimed at dermining the Oral Hygiene Index (OHI), Plaque Index (PI), Gingival index (GI) and Index of interdental gingival bleeding (PBI) in pregnant women in the first and third trimester of pregnancy. The amount of Lactobacillus in saliva was determined by the diagnostic test of CRT-bacteria. The results show that OHI value in the third trimester of pregnancy for (p = 0.000) was significantly higher than the value in the first trimester; IDP value in the third trimester of pregnancy for (p=0.000) was significantly higher than the first trimester value; GI value in the third trimester of pregnancy was significantly higher than in the first trimester p 0.05). The correlation between IDP and the value Lactobacillus in pregnant women in the first and third trimesters showed a weak positive value (p> 0.05). The correlation between GI and the value of Lactobacillus in pregnant women in the first and third trimester showed a weak negative insignificant correlation for Spearman Rank Order R = –0.05 and p> 0.05. The results obtained from this study pointed at small differences in the examined parameters which are very important for early detection and timely prevention

PELVIC FLOOR MUSCLE TRAINING VERSUS NO TREATMENT FOR URINARY INCONTINENCE IN WOMEN

Pelvic floor muscle training is the most commonly used physical therapy treatment for women with urinary incontinence (UI). According to the World Health Organization bladder problems affect more than 200milion people worldwide. Urinary incontinence is a disorder that affects women far more frequently than men; 85% of people suffering from urinary incontinence are women. According to existing studies and literature few women go to consult a therapist who specializes in urinary incontinence in our country. Talking about UI, it is a taboo for most women, especially for women living in small cities or rural area. The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of pelvic floor muscle training for women with urinary incontinence in comparison to no treatment. This is a randomized control trial and to gather information was used a questionnaire( ICIQ-SF), and personal contact with patients. The patients were randomly allocated into two groups, the control group and the experimental group. The experimental group practiced PFME at home, the control group didn’t practice PFME at home. The study indicates that physiotherapy has a key role in the conservative treatment of UI and is less costly than other methods of treatment. PFME gives good results in controlling involuntary loss of urine. This treatment isn’t very recognized in Albania. One of the best ways to introduce this method will be from the family doctors and from maternity staff who treats the most effected patients, future mothers

Bacterial Leakage Evaluation of Three Root Canal Sealers with Two Obturation Techniques: An in Vitro Study

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the quality of the coronal seal of three root canal sealers and two obturation techniques using the bacterial penetration method. Methods and Results: A total of 132 single-rooted human teeth with fully developed apices were used. The teeth were randomly assigned to three experimental groups according to the endodontic sealer used. Group 1: Samples (n=44) were obturated using a zinc oxide eugenol-based sealer, Pulp Canal Sealer EWT. Group 2: Samples (n=44) were obturated using an epoxy resin-based sealer, AH Plus. Group 3: Samples (n=44) were obturated using a bioceramic-based root canal sealer, Well-Root ST. Each group was subdivided into 2 equal subgroups in accordance with the obturation technique being used: the cold lateral condensation technique (CLCT) and Thermafil obturation technique (ThOT). Thus, 6 subgroups were formed: Sub-1A: Pulp Canal Sealer/CLCT; Sub-2A: AH Plus/CLCT; Sub-3A: Well-ROOT ST/CLCT; Sub-1B: Pulp Canal Sealer/ThOT; Sub-2B: Ah Plus/ThOT; Sub-3B: Well-ROOT ST/ThOT. A dual-chamber device was used to evaluate bacterial leakage. Fresh medium and E. faecalis were added to the upper chamber every 4 days. The broth was monitored for color change daily for 33 days. Significant differences were found among Sub-2A vs. Sub-1B (P=0.023), Sub-1A vs. Sub-3A (P=0.014), Sub-1A vs. Sub-2B (P=0.024), Sub-1A vs. Sub-3B (P=0.002), Sub-3A vs. Sub-1B (P=0.003), Sub-2B vs. Sub-1B (P=0.005), and Sub-1B vs. Sub-3B (P<0.0001). There was no significant difference in the average occurrence of turbidity between CLCT and ThOT (P=0.718) Conclusion: Regardless of the obturation technique, all root canal sealers exhibited leakage; however, the bioceramic-based root canal sealer appeared to perform better than the epoxy resin-based sealer and the zinc oxide eugenol-based sealer