A rare case of sirenomelia with total bilateral cleft lip palate and kyphoscoliosis

Sirenomelia, a rare congenital deformity, has fused lower limbs with variable combination of visceral anomalies. This condition is fatal within a day or two of birth so early antenatal detection and pregnancy termination is advocated. Antenatally it can be diagnosed by ultrasonography showing oligohydramnios, renal agenesis and fibulae positioned between the tibiae. A 24 years old Muslim primigravida came for first antenatal check up at 18 weeks of pregnancy. She didn’t turn up and came directly in emergency at 37 weeks in active labor and delivered a baby weighing 1.8 kg with a small sized placenta, complete bilateral cleft lip palate, Kyphoscoliosis and fused lower limbs upto ankles. Baby expired after 25 minutes of birth. Till now around 300 cases of Sirenomelia have been reported worldwide. All human cases of Sirenomelia have been found to be associated with variable degree of renal and urethral dysplasia or renal agenesis. External genitalia are affected, whereas gonads remain unaffected. In rare cases Sirenomelia is associated with upper body defects including cleft palate, cervical and upper thoracic vertebral abnormalities, pulmonary hypoplasia and cardiac defects

Effect of Socio-Economic Variables on of Computer Literacy Among University Students

Computer literacy is defined as the understanding of computer characteristics, capabilities, applications, as well as an ability to implement the skillful knowledge of computers. This present study is based on the small sample survey of Rajasthan university students and employees regarding computer knowledge. A statistical analysis of socio-economic variables like sex (male & female), the standard of education undergraduate and post graduate, financial conditions and caste affecting the computer literacy of students is done. In this paper, the whole study is based on primary data obtained by filling of the questionnaire

Exploring Themes, Trends, and Frameworks: A Meta-Analysis of Online Business Education Research

The growth of online education has become a global phenomenon driven by emergence of new technologies, widespread adoption of the Internet, and intensifying demand for a skilled workforce for a digital economy. Online education is no longer a trend; it is slowly but surely becoming mainstream by 2025. This paper explores all efforts, accomplishments, issues, challenges, conclusions, and recommendations on this theme through meta-analysis of over 100 published papers since 2000. Through thorough content analysis, we provide useful recommendations for researchers and practitioners working in academia, industry, or government. We also propose a holistic model of interactions between diverse entities and stakeholders in the online tertiary business discipline education industry. This model will certainly be applicable with minor changes to other disciplines and other levels of education—primary and secondary. This model can be tested in piecemeal fashion by researchers using appropriate research methodology

Design and Performance Analysis of a Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna for Wireless Communication at 2.4 GHz

This paper presents the design of a rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna (MPA) intended for operation at 2.4 GHz frequency, predominantly used in wireless communication. The proposed MPA, designed on an FR4-Epoxy substrate using a microstrip line feeding approach, was simulated using the High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS). The primary metrics evaluated included return loss, gain, Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR), and half-power beamwidth. The findings revealed an impressive return loss of -25dB and a moderate gain of 1.48 dB at the target frequency. The VSWR value was approximately 1, indicating efficient power transmission with minimal reflections. Furthermore, the antenna exhibited a broad half-power beamwidth of 79 degrees, suggesting its potential for applications requiring extensive signal coverage. This research provides insights into MPA design principles and serves as a foundation for future advancements in wireless communication antenna systems

Improved Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Response of Polyaniline Containing Magnetic Nano-ferrites

Improvement of electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials with miniaturization of devices is an important area of research in various applications like communication, electronic warfare, defense, and different civilian applications. Nano-crystalline ferrite, MFe2O4 (M = Ni, Zn, and Co), powders have been synthesized by sol-gel citrate nitrate precursor method. The crystalline size of samples was found in the range of 20-45 nm as analyzed by XRD and TEM analysis. Polyaniline/ferrite nano-composites with 50 wt% were synthesized by mechanical blending. The structural and magnetic properties of the nano-particles were characterized by using Rietveld analysis of powder X-ray diffraction and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) respectively. Using the Rietveld refinement, the goodness of fit, interatomic distance, Bragg contribution, and R factors have been determined. Ferrites and their nano-composites, under applied magnetic field up to 20 KOe, exhibited the hysteresis loops of ferromagnetic nature with maximum saturation magnetization of 51.68 emu/g shown by CoFe2O4. The electromagnetic shielding parameters (various shielding effectiveness and reflection loss) and microwave absorbing properties were measured in X band frequency region (8.2-12.2 GHz). Nano-composites show promising and enhanced EMI shielding behavior with overall highest SE value of 52 dB shown by CoFe2O4 composite

Influence of Aggressive Chemical Environment on High Volume Fly Ash Concrete

The benefits of using fly ash in cement concrete construction are well recognized in terms of cost reduction and management of environmental pollution. The advantages offered by the use of fly ash in concrete has impelled engineers to further extend the use of this waste product in the form of ‘High Volume Fly Ash Concrete’ (HVFAC). In the present paper; results of a study concerning the effect of acidic environment on the compressive strength of HVFAC have been reported. On the basis of results obtained; it has been concluded that HVFAC may be a promising material under such types of aggressive environmental conditions

SIMULATION AND ANALYSIS OF DSDV PROTOCOL IN MANETS

With the advancements in computers and wireless communication technologies, mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) is expected to see increasingly widespread use and application. A MANET is an autonomous collection of mobile users that communicate over wireless links. Proactive protocols in MANETS like DSDV, OLSR, TBRPF are table driven and actively determine the layout of the network. A complete image of the network is maintained at every single node by a regular exchange of network topology packets between the nodes of the network. In this paper, we simulate and analyse the Destination-Sequenced DistanceVector (DSDV) protocol for various parameters like throughput, average end-to-end delay by varying the number of nodes in MANET. The results indicate that the throughput decrease as the numbers of node increase

Evaluation of appropriateness of packed red blood cell and fresh frozen plasma transfusion in post-surgical adult patients admitted in ICU and its outcome: a retrospective study in a tertiary care hospital

Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate appropriateness of packed red blood cell (PRBC) and fresh frozen plasma transfusion (FFP) in post-surgical adult patients admitted in ICU and its outcome. Methods: A total number of 800 ICU adult patients were enrolled. Out of these 600 patients received PRBC transfusion and 200 received FFP transfusions. Transfusion pattern was analyzed with respect to the number of units transfused, pre and post transfusion hemoglobin levels and coagulation profile. The outcome was measured in terms of mortality, morbidity and length of ICU stay. Transfusions were categorized into appropriate and inappropriate based on transfusion triggers used as per BSH guidelines (British Society for Hematology). The SPSS software was used for analyses. Results: Out of six hundred, 384 were those with appropriate red cell transfusion. In the appropriate transfusion group, majority i.e. 167 (43.49%) underwent more units of PRBC transfusion. The mean duration of mechanical ventilation in appropriate group was 7.43±4.1 days and in inappropriate group was 5.95±3.34 days. (p<0.05). There was significant association found between the high mortality and appropriateness of blood transfusion. Out of 200, One hundred and thirty-seven (137) were those with appropriate FFP transfusion. Majority of the patients underwent two units of FFP transfusion (47%). The mean change in aPTT and INR was comparable in both the groups (p>0.05). Conclusions: Analysis of appropriateness of transfusion according to BSH guidelines shows a high rate of irrational transfusions in Indian subjects. Further studies including large sample size are needed in this context.

A randomized controlled trial of endodontic treatment using ultrasonic irrigation and laser activated irrigation to evaluate healing in chronic apical periodontitis

Aim of this trial was to evaluate the combined clinical and radiographic success rate of endodontic treatment using passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) and laser activated irrigation (LAI) as compared to conventional syringe irrigation. Permanent incisors and single rooted premolars were assessed for eligibility and 69 patients were randomly divided into three treatment groups (n=23) by allocation concealment method and irrigation was performed in accordance with the allocated group. Teeth were evaluated clinically and radiographically with CBCT after 6 months and 12 months of the treatment. A significant difference was observed in the radiographic healing rates among three groups (?2=12.29, p=0.05). On comparing the final outcome among the three groups (n=19), it was found that 2 (10.5%) cases of group I(Conventional Syringe irrigation), 7 (36.8%) cases of group II (Passive ultrasonic irrigation) and 8 (42.1%) cases of group III(Laser activated irrigation) were healed while under healing category 13 (68.4%) cases of group I, 12 (63.2%) cases of group II and 11 (57.9%) of group III were observed whereas 4 (21.1%) cases were categorised as diseased in group I only. LAI and PUI can increase the predictability of the endodontic treatment success in cases of chronic apical periodontitis