Maintaining Food Security Through Rural Agroindustry During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic that began to enter and spread to Indonesia in early 2020 had a very broad impact not only on public health but on various aspects of people's lives, including the agricultural sector. The interrelationships between sectors of life have caused no sector to escape the effects of this pandemic, only the scale of the impact is different. This paper describes maintaining food security through rural agro-industry during and after the COVOD-19 pandemic. This paper is based on several related literatures. Food security must be realized at all levels, from the family level to the national level. Rural areas have enormous agricultural potential to be developed into an agro-industry business. The development of rural agro-industry is very promising, because in addition to sufficient agricultural potential, sufficient labor (farmers) is also available. Some obstacles to the development of rural agro-industry include the discontinuous availability of raw materials, limited access to capital, inadequate human resource skills, limited rural infrastructure such as electricity, water, road facilities. This obstacle can be overcome if the government together with the community make maximum efforts to make rural areas the basis for agro-industry development in an effort to maintain food security. If rural agro-industry is successful, it will increase economic activity in rural areas which in the end is expected to maintain food security and increase people's income. Keywords: food security, agroindustry, COVID-19 pandemic DOI: 10.7176/JBAH/12-24-04 Publication date: December 31st 202

Close Linkage Between Agriculture and Culture: Case of Bali Indonesia

Humans are part of natural ecosystems and are greatly dependent on the functioning of natural ecosystems. The Balinese people in meeting their needs depend on the effort to manage the natural environment through agricultural activities. The interaction between the people of Bali with the environment gave birth to the knowledge that eventually shapes the culture of Bali. Balinese culture is derived from agricultural culture. Traditional Balinese people have knowledge of agriculture inherited by their ancestors such as agricultural technology systems, community organizations, and religious ceremonies. Technology systems that exist in traditional farming systems such as irrigation systems, planting pattern arrangements, provision of seeds, control of pests and diseases, including post-harvest handling. This knowledge is generated based on the results of intensive interaction with the nature of Bali. A lot of local knowledge which is known as the "local wisdom" generated through this interaction and is part of Balinese culture. Local knowledge is growing and developing in general inspired by various Hindu religious values. Organization that works to support, preserve and develop local knowledge in the field of agriculture, especially related to the agricultural fields called "Subak" (traditional, social religious irrigation organization). The philosophy underlying the subak organization is “Tri Hita Karana” is the welfare generated by a harmonious relationship between man, nature and God. This philosophy was adopted into the culture of Bali and is applied in various aspects of life. Thus, agriculture is associated with many aspects of life, or in other words, agriculture has a close linkage with Balinese culture. This paper describes the multifunctional of agriculture in particular its close linkage with Balinese culture. Keywords: agriculture, Balinese culture, ecosyste

Interpretive Structural Modeling in the Development of Arabica Coffee Agrotourism in Kintamani, Bangli Regency, Bali, Indonesia

Located in the highlands and has beautiful nature, Bangli Regency has a high potential for the development of agrotourism. One of the agro-tourisme developed in this area is agrotourism based on Arabica coffee located at Kintamani area which is known as Kintamani Arabica coffee agrotouism. Agrotourism in Bangli Regency has a land area and tracking path for tourists with safe and comfortable road conditions, beautiful natural panoramas of coffee plantations and there is a coffee processing business that produces specialty arabica coffee products of Kintamani. The purpose of this study is to create a planning structure (design) for the development of agro-tourism based on arabica coffee in terms of structural relationships and inter-relationships between research elements. The research used the computerized arabica coffee agrotourism development method using Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) software. ISM analysis focuses on 4 (four) structural elements of Kintamani Arabica coffee agrotourism development in Bangli Regency, namely 1) institutional elements, 2) constraint elements, 3) objective elements, and 4) activity or program elements. Keywords: interpretative structural modeling, Arabica coffee, agro-tourism DOI: 10.7176/JBAH/13-10-03 Publication date:June 30th 202

AN ANALYSIS OF MARKETING MARGIN AND ELASTICITY OF BELL PEPPER COMMODITY PRICE TRANSMISSION (A STUDY IN CANDIKUNING VILLAGE, BATURITI DISTRICT, TABANAN REGENCY)

The development of the agribusiness sector does not only focus on marketing but also on production. Tabanan is the leading producer of paprika in Bali. As a horticultural product, paprika has perishable nature, and its price is determined by the quality of the good. Besides, the marketing of horticultural commodities tends to involve many institutions which have an impact on prices in the market due to the distance between production sites and market locations. The purpose of this study were to analyze the marketing channels, market structure, and efficiency in marketing paprika in Candikuning, Baturiti, Tabanan Regency. The research method that been used was descriptive qualitative in marketing channels, price transmission elasticity, marketing margins, distribution of marketing margin, and farmer's share. The result showed that there are seven marketing channels in Candikuning. The market structure formed as imperfect competition market which is showed by the price transmission elasticity was 0.950 (Et <1). The marketing margin with the highest value was Rp 20,878.82/kg while the lowest was Rp 6,412.96/kg. The highest farmer share value was 87.76% while the lowest was 66.92