Soviet policy in Europe: A challenge for the 70's

[Δε διατίθεται περίληψη][No abstract available

Developing a Series of AI Challenges for the United States Department of the Air Force

Through a series of federal initiatives and orders, the U.S. Government has been making a concerted effort to ensure American leadership in AI. These broad strategy documents have influenced organizations such as the United States Department of the Air Force (DAF). The DAF-MIT AI Accelerator is an initiative between the DAF and MIT to bridge the gap between AI researchers and DAF mission requirements. Several projects supported by the DAF-MIT AI Accelerator are developing public challenge problems that address numerous Federal AI research priorities. These challenges target priorities by making large, AI-ready datasets publicly available, incentivizing open-source solutions, and creating a demand signal for dual use technologies that can stimulate further research. In this article, we describe these public challenges being developed and how their application contributes to scientific advances

Reflections on collaborative inquiry in Cyprus: lessons for researchers and practitioners

Effective teaching in mixed ability classes has dominated much of the Cyprus government's agenda for educational reform. However, there remains widespread dissatisfaction with Cyprus teachers' ability to teach in mixed ability classes. A factor behind the unsuccessful attempts of the Ministry of Education and Culture to improve teaching in mixed ability classes is that little attention is paid to the method of supporting teachers during in-service training and to the development of a praxis of educating where the skills of action learning as a professional practitioner upon one's own practice and in collaboration with others are seen as central to a teacher's continued professional development. In this paper, the authors reflect on their experiences from different research projects which were designed and implemented following collaborative inquiry, not only for experienced researchers who act as critical friends to schools but also for practitioners who want to carry out investigations in their school context and to improve their teaching in mixed ability classes. The authors first analyse what they mean by collaborative inquiry, and then present the advantages and difficulties of this sort of research as they have seen them through their experiences in the research projects they were involved in within the trusted community of joint and shared revelation

Understanding friendship between critical friends

This conceptual article discusses the issue of friendship implied by the term `critical friends'. Our argument relates to the generalized use of the term `friendship' and the assumptions that it may carry compared with the actuality of the roles played by critical friends. We attempt to build a more precise definition of friendship which we believe can clarify what critical friends might be which is different from the utilitarian notion between critical friends. The article draws on Aristotle's work to develop a contemporary taxonomy of forms of friendly relationships and discusses this in the context of school improvement

Imaging of deep venous thrombosis in patients using a radiolabelled anti-D-dimer Fab′ fragment (99mTc-DI-DD3B6/22-80B3): results of a phase I trial

Purpose 99mTc-DI-DD3B6/22-80B3 (ThromboView®, hereafter abbreviated to 99mTc-DI-80B3 Fab′) is a radiolabelled humanised monoclonal Fab′ fragment with affinity and specificity for D-dimer domains of cross-linked fibrin. Detection of thromboembolic events has been demonstrated in canine models. The study objectives were evaluation of safety and characterisation of biodistribution, immunogenicity and pharmacokinetic profile of increasing doses of 99mTc-DI-80B3 Fab′ in subjects with acute lower-limb DVT. Methods Twenty-six patients with acute lower limb DVT were enrolled. Of these, 21 received a single intravenous dose of 0.5 mg (n = 6), 1.0 mg (n = 9) or 2 mg (n = 6) 99mTc-DI-80B3 Fab′. Blood and urine samples and gamma camera images were collected to 24 h after administration for pharmacokinetic and dosimetry analysis. Vital signs, electrocardiography, hematological and biochemical data and human anti-human antibody (HAHA) levels were monitored for up to 30 days following administration. Patients were assigned to either planar or single photon emission computed tomographic (SPECT) imaging of the thorax at 4 h following injection. Results Thirty-five adverse events were reported in 15 of the 21 subjects. Those deemed possibly related to administration of 99mTc-DI-80B3 Fab′ included mild hypertension, mild elevation of LD (lactate dehydrogenase) and moderate elevation of ALT (alanine transaminase). HAHA assays remained negative. Pharmacokinetics and organ dosimetry were comparable to prior normal volunteer data. Localisation of Thromboview® to sites of known thrombus was evident as early as 30 min post-injection. Conclusions In subjects with acute DVT, 99mTc-DI-80B3 Fab′ was well tolerated with favourable characteristics for the detection of acute venous thrombosis