Accurate Determination of Phenotypic Information from Historic Thoroughbred Horses by Single Base Extension

Historic DNA have the potential to identify phenotypic information otherwise invisible in the historical, archaeological and palaeontological record. In order to determine whether a single nucleotide polymorphism typing protocol based on single based extension (SNaPshot™) could produce reliable phenotypic data from historic samples, we genotyped three coat colour markers for a sample of historic Thoroughbred horses for which both phenotypic and correct geotypic information were known from pedigree information in the General Stud Book. Experimental results were consistent with the pedigrees in all cases. Thus we demonstrate that historic DNA techniques can produce reliable phenotypic information from museum specimens.© 2010 Campana et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

The Grizzly, February 7, 1986

Refrigerators are Still a Hot Issue • Bridge Reopens • Nursing Homes: Investigation II • Letters: Controversial Issue has no Basis; Space Shuttle: Tragedy Turned Spectacle; Times are Changing • USGA Election Candidates • Mer Chicks Take Two • Mermen Drown W. Maryland • Bears No. 2 in MAC • Lady Bears Thrash Haverford • Gymnasts Take Bryn Mawr • A Tough Job Gets Recognition • Track Team Impressive at Widener • Lab Manual to be Rewritten • Open Dialog: Women Ministers • Coulter Chosen MVPhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1156/thumbnail.jp

Clinical pharmacist services within intensive care unit recovery clinics: An opinion of the critical care practice and research network of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy

Intensive care unit recovery clinics (ICU- RCs) have been proposed as a potential mechanism to address the multifaceted unmet needs of intensive care unit (ICU) survivors and caregivers. The needs of this population include, but are not limited to, medication optimization, addressing physical function and psychological needs, coordination of care, and other interventions that may help in improving patient recovery and reducing the rate of preventable readmissions. The objective of this opinion paper is to identify and describe clinical pharmacy services for the management of ICU survivors and their caregivers in an ICU- RC. The goals are to guide the establishment and development of clinical pharmacist involvement in ICU- RCs and to highlight ICU recovery research and educational opportunities. Recommendations provided in this paper are based on the following: a review of published data on clinical pharmacist involvement in the ICU- RCs; a consensus of clinical pharmacists who provide direct patient care to ICU survivors and caregivers; and a review of published guidelines and literature focusing on the management of ICU survivors and caregivers. These recommendations define areas of clinical pharmacist involvement in ICU- RCs. Consequently, clinical pharmacists can promote education on Post Intensive Care Syndrome and Post Intensive Care Syndrome- Family; improve medication adherence; facilitate appropriate referrals to primary care providers and specialists; ensure comprehensive medication management and medication reconciliation; provide assessment of inappropriate and appropriate medications after hospitalization; address adverse drug events, medication errors, and drug interactions; promote preventive measures; and facilitate medication acquisition with the goal of improving patient outcomes and reducing health care system costs.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/163579/2/jac51311.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/163579/1/jac51311_am.pd

TRY plant trait database – enhanced coverage and open access

Plant traits - the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants - determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait‐based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits - almost complete coverage for ‘plant growth form’. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait–environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives

Aligning IT Funding Models to the Pace of Technology Change: Enabling Financial Flexibility for Core, Flexible, and Transformative Services

At a time when IT needs to be agile and flexible, financial resources are often stringently allocated and unavailable to assist institutions in transformational work. The results of this collaboration between technology and business officers provides guidance and suggestions to help institutions understand how to better align IT funding models to the pace of technology change

Comparison between allele frequencies of <i>MC1R</i> determined by cloning (a) and those determined by SNaPshot™ (b).

<p>Although the SNaPshot™ reaction (bottom) has isolated both peaks, cloning and sequencing (top) has reduced the T-allele to a frequency more parsimoniously attributable to a homozygous C animal where T alleles have originated from C→T transitions resulting from <i>post-mortem</i> deamination of cytosine.</p

Primers used in this study.

<p>Primers used in this study.</p

Allele ratios varying between three replicates of the same sample (Ormonde) due to stochastic effects.

<p>There is evidence of allelic dropout in the second replicate. The differences in location of the peaks between the repetitions are due to variation between genotyping runs.</p