Bicycle and car share schemes as inclusive modes of travel? A socio-spatial analysis in Glasgow

Public bicycle and car sharing schemes have proliferated in recent years and are increasingly part of the urban transport landscape. Shared transport options have the potential to support social inclusion by improving accessibility: these initiatives could remove some of the barriers to car ownership or bicycle usage such as upfront costs, maintenance and storage. However, the existing evidence base indicates that, in reality, users are most likely to be white, male and middle class. This paper argues that there is a need to consider the social inclusivity of sharing schemes and to develop appropriate evaluation frameworks accordingly. We therefore open by considering ways in which shared transport schemes might be inclusive or not, using a framework developed from accessibility planning. In the second part of the paper, we use the case study of Glasgow in Scotland to undertake a spatial equity analysis of such schemes. We examine how well they serve different population groups across the city, using the locations of bicycle stations and car club parking spaces in Glasgow, comparing and contrasting bike and car. An apparent failure to deliver benefits across the demographic spectrum raises important questions about the socially inclusive nature of public investment in similar schemes

Household car adoption and financial distress in deprived urban communities: A case of forced car ownership?

This paper explores the relationship between car ownership and financial circumstances for people living in disadvantaged urban communities. Assumptions about cars signifying status and income are problematised by an examination of the characteristics of those who adopt cars. We consider the possibility that, despite low incomes and financial problems, cars may be a necessity for some urban dwellers. Patterns of car ownership and adoption are analysed using cross-sectional and longitudinal survey data collected from communities in Glasgow, between 2006 and 2011, before, during and after the recession. Car ownership rates increased, as more people adopted a car than relinquished vehicles. The likelihood of household car adoption was influenced by changes in household size, increased financial difficulties in relation to housing costs, and where householders gained work. A small but growing proportion of households (up to 8.5% by 2011) are deemed ‘forced car owners’ by virtue of owning a car despite also reporting financial difficulties: three-quarters of this group maintain a car despite financial problems whilst a quarter adopt a car despite financial problems. Findings suggest that poor households are reluctant to relinquish their cars to ease money problems when under financial stress and that, for some, acquiring a car may be seen as necessary to better their circumstances. In neither case can we see evidence that the sustainable transport agenda is reaching disadvantaged communities and there are concerns that regeneration strategies are failing to promote mobility and accessibility for poor communities via transport policies

Exploring ways White children are taught about race and racism

In this theoretical study, I will explore ways White children are taught about race and racism, and ways this subject can be explored with White youth in therapeutic contexts. In the United States, racism continues to have a significant negative impact on the material and psychological experiences of people of color, limiting life chances while it is largely ignored by White individuals and White-dominated institutions. One factor that serves to maintain the existence and influence of racist systems is White people\u27s ignorance of the degree to which racism is present in our institutions, dominant discourse and ideology, and in ourselves. There is a need for research on ways White children are taught about race and racism, and ways to support children in developing the intellectual awareness and emotional and social abilities to engage in working toward racial justice. I will examine literature on how children are commonly taught about racism, how they learn to understand race, and on how clinicians have addressed race in therapy. I will use critical race theory and the theory of self psychology to analyze factors that influence the learning of children on the subject of race and racism, and offer suggestions for White therapists who choose to talk about race and racism with young White clients in clinical practice

Front Matter

Front Matte

Public service restructuring in the Caribbean: A comparative case study analysis: Jamaica, Barbados and Trinidad and Tobago.

The following is a comparative case study analysis of the models of public service restructuring used in Jamaica, Barbados and Trinidad and Tobago. The model used by the Canadian government, Public Service 2000, among others, has also been reviewed. The purpose of this study is to examine the model being implemented in Trinidad and Tobago and to analyze its strengths and weaknesses, including a prognosis for its success. The first chapter provides background to the public service problems experienced in the three countries and the rationale for restructuring. It also identifies six criteria that will be used in the analysis of the models. The second chapter reviews the literature pertaining to international models of restructuring in the public as well as the private sector. The third chapter examines the models of restructuring used in Jamaica and Barbados and outlines their present levels of achievement in the reform effort. The fourth chapter analyzes the model being implemented in Trinidad and Tobago and discusses some of the major concerns involved in the process of its implementation. Finally, the Conclusion compares the models, using the pre-established criteria, and outlines those criteria that have been found to be most important for successful implementation of administrative restructuring in the Caribbean.Dept. of History, Philosophy, and Political Science. Paper copy at Leddy Library: Theses & Major Papers - Basement, West Bldg. / Call Number: Thesis1994 .C52. Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 34-02, page: 0596. Adviser: Robert Krause. Thesis (M.A.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 1995

Letter from the Editor

Welcome to our inaugural issue from Editor-in-Chief Angela Clark-Taylor, Ph.D

The needs of Maltese families with dependent children : a focus group study among professionals

This article seeks to identify the needs of Maltese families with dependent children. The sociocultural context in which Maltese families are embedded will serve as a theoretical framework for this study. A series of six focus groups with experts in the area of family and children were moderated for the purpose of the study. These focus group sessions were audiotaped and transcribed and the results analysed using thematic analysis. This article draws on the findings of these focus groups and compares them to extant literature on Maltese families before making a number of policy recommendations. Three key themes were elicited: the need for more community work and early intervention; the need for education for life; and the need to support families achieve work-life balance. The main recommendations are: the set-up of family centres for community work and early intervention; the implementation of relationship education programmes; and more family-friendly working practices.peer-reviewe

Using Information From Income Tax Forms to Target Medicaid and CHIP Outreach: Preliminary Results of the Maryland Kids First Act

Examines the implementation and early results of Maryland's use of state income tax forms to identify low-income families and target outreach efforts to enroll eligible children in the State Children's Health Insurance Program. Discusses lessons learned