22 research outputs found
Persistence of \u3ci\u3eChamaecrista rotundifolia\u3c/i\u3e (Wynn) in \u3ci\u3ePanicum maximum\u3c/i\u3e (Ntchisi) under Varying Spacing and Legume Planting Methods
DRY MATTER AND PROTEIN DEGRADABILITIES OF SOME FEED INGREDIENTS SOLD IN ABEOKUTA, OGUN STATE, NIGERIA
A study was carried out to determine the chemical composition and evaluate the dry matter and crude protein degradabilities of some commercial feed ingredients sold in Abeokuta, Nigeria, viz corn offal, brewers dried grain, soybean meal, wheat offal, groundnut meal and maize meal. The feed samples as obtained from different sources were incubated in triplicates for 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72 and 96 hours in 3 rumen-fistulated goats. The incubation was used to estimate the in sacco dry matter (DM) and N degradation characteristics. The dry matter contents of the feedstuffs ranged from 799.3 – 956.0 g/kg. All the feedstuffs recorded low crude protein contents and high washing loss at 0 hour. They recorded more than 70% dry matter degradability at 48 hours, which implied that they were all highly degradable in the rumen. Feeding these feedstuffs in large quantities terminants may lead to diarrhea and bloat due to the accumulation of methane and ammonia gases in the rumen. However, their incorporation into high fibre diets may be advantageous in supplying rumen degradable nutrients to complement the undegradable dietary nutrients from fibrous feeds.Â
Chemical Composition of \u3cem\u3ePanicum maximum\u3c/em\u3e Planted with Different Manure Sources
Effects of Sowing Methods and Seeding Rates on Chemical Composition of \u3ci\u3eTephrosia bracteolata\u3c/i\u3e
EVALUATION OF THE AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE AND NUTRITIVE VALUES OF TEPHROSIA BRACTEOLATA GUILL. & PERR. AND GMELINA ARBOREA ROXB PRUNNINGS AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF GROWTH
This study was carried out to investigate the growth, dry matter yield and chemical composition of Tephrosia bracteolata and Gmelina arborea at Teaching and Research Farm, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different stages of growth of T. bracteolata and G. arborea on their agronomic performance, herbage yield and nutritive value in the humid zone of Nigeria. Data were collected at 8, 12, 16 and 20 weeks after planting (WAP). Results showed that T. bracteolata attained the height of 161 cm at 20 WAP, though not significantly different from the height at 16 WAP. The leaf number (24), branch number (7) and dry matter yield of T. bracteolata were recorded highest at 16 WAP. The height of G. arborea was on constant increase throughout the experimental period. The crude protein (CP) and ether extract (EE) contents of the two browse plants were highest at 8 WAP and thereafter, declined throughout the experimental period. Fibre fractions, the neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) had a least value for both browse species at 8 WAP and highest values at 20 WAP. From the study, considering the dry matter yield and nutritive value, T. bracteolata being an annual species, can be harvested at 16 WAP when the quality and quantity will support livestock productivity and can be conserved to be fed to ruminant animals during dry season when feed availability and quality are extremely low. However, planting of G. arborea should be encouraged being a perennial browse plant that will support livestock productivity during the dry season in the tropics. In conclusion, T. bracteolata and G. arborea grow rapidly and are recommended as forage of high nutritive values that meet ruminant animal protein requirements especially during the dry season
Drivers of advanced stage at breast cancer diagnosis in the multicountry African breast cancer - disparities in outcomes (ABC-DO) study.
Breast cancer (BC) survival rates in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are low in part due to advanced stage at diagnosis. As one component of a study of the entire journey of SSA women with BC, we aimed to identify shared and setting-specific drivers of advanced stage BC. Women newly diagnosed in the multicountry African Breast Cancer-Disparities in Outcomes (ABC-DO) study completed a baseline interview and their stage information was extracted from medical records. Ordinal logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for advanced stage (I, II, III, IV) in relation to individual woman-level, referral and biological factors. A total of 1795 women were included from Nigeria, Uganda, Zambia, and the multiracial populations of Namibia and South Africa, 1091 of whom (61%) were stage III/IV. Stage was lower in women with greater BC knowledge (OR 0.77 (95% CI: 0.70, 0.85) per point on a 6 point scale). More advanced stage was associated with being black (4.00 (2.79, 5.74)), having attended <secondary education (1.75 (1.42, 2.16)), having never heard of BC (1.64 (1.31, 2.06)), an unskilled job (1.77 (1.43, 2.20)) and pregnancy in the past 3 years (30% of ≤45 year olds) (1.63 (1.15, 2.31)), and were mediated through delays to diagnosis: symptom duration of ≥ 1 year (OR 2.47 (1.93, 3.15)). These findings provide further evidence that late-stage BC in SSA is largely attributed to modifiable factors and strategies to improve BC education and awareness in women and the health system should be intensified
034 Increased Risk of Acute Kidney Injury Following Weight-Based Gentamicin Administration in the Setting of Urologic Prosthetic Surgery
Effects of growth habits of grasses on weed popu- lation and dry matter yield in grass-legume swards
A study was carried out over a period of two
years to evaluate the ability of 12 grass-legume
mixtures to compete with weeds over a 12-week
period following planting in 2004 and after cutback
in 2005. Plant height, leaf number, weed population
and dry matter (DM) yields of weeds and grasses
at 6 and 12 weeks after planting were recorded.
Leaf number of the grasses increased slowly
during the first 8 weeks after planting, then
increased exponentially between 9 and 12 weeks,
reaching 145 leaves/plant. The bunch-forming
grasses had more (p<0.05) leaves than the
Brachiaria species. In the second year, leaf
number reached 329 leaves/plant. Weed
populations were prominent during the first 8
weeks after planting, with broadleaf weeds the
most common in both 2004 and 2005. Mixtures
containing B. ruziziensis recorded the greatest
(p<0.05) weed populations, and swards of B.
ruziziensis-T. bracteolata consistently recorded
the least (p<0.05) DM yields of 281 and 326 kg/ha
at 12 weeks after planting in 2004 and 2005,
respectively. Sward mixtures containing Penni-
setum purpureum and Andropogon tectorum
consistently had the greatest (p<0.05) yields
(1100-2000 and 1500-2200 kg/ha in 2004 and
2005). The population of weeds in the 2 years
declined with increase in growing period.Durante un perÃodo de dos años, se evaluó la
capacidad de 12 mezclas de gramÃneas y legumi-
nosas pratenses tropicales para competir con las
adventicias durante 12 semanas después de la
plantación en 2004 y después de un corte en 2005.
Se registraron la altura de planta, número de hojas,
la población de adventicias y la producción de
materia seca (MS) de las adveenticias y mezclas
de pastos en las semanas 6 y 12 después de la
siembra. El número de hojas de las gramÃneas
pratenses aumentó lentamente durante las prime-
ras 8 semanas después de la siembra, luego
aumentó exponencialmente entre las 9 y 12 sema-
nas, llegando a 145 hojas/planta. Las gramÃneas
de crecimiento erecto forman más hojas (p<0.05)
que las especies de Brachiaria. En el segundo
año, el número de hojas alcanzó 329 hojas/planta.
Las poblaciones de adventicias fueron superio-
res durante las primeras 8 semanas después de
la siembra, siendo las de hoja ancha las más
comunes en los años 2004 y 2005. Las mezclas
con B. ruziziensis registraron la mayor (p<0.05)
población de adventicias, y la mezcla de B.
ruziziensis-T. bracteolata registró el menor
(p<0.05) rendimiento de MS con 281 y 326 kg/ha
a las 12 semanas después de la plantación en
2004 y 2005, respectivamente. Mezclas que con-
tengan Pennisetum purpureum y Andropogon
tectorum siempre alcanzaron mayores (p<0.05)
rendimientos a las 12 semanas (1100-2000 y
1500-2200 kg MS/ha en 2004 y 2005). La pobla-
ción de adventicias en los 2 años disminuyó
durante el crecimiento