Application of Shemesh theorem to quantum channels

Completely positive maps are useful in modeling the discrete evolution of quantum systems. Spectral properties of operators associated with such maps are relevant for determining the asymptotic dynamics of quantum systems subjected to multiple interactions described by the same quantum channel. We discuss a connection between the properties of the peripheral spectrum of completely positive and trace preserving map and the algebra generated by its Kraus operators $\mathcal{A}(A_1,\ldots A_K)$. By applying the Shemesh and Amitsur - Levitzki theorems to analyse the structure of the algebra $\mathcal{A}(A_1,\ldots A_K)$ one can predict the asymptotic dynamics for a class of operations

Starość jako czasoprzestrzeń: wokół powieści Wiesława Myśliwskiego

The article describes the category of time and space in Wiesław Myśliwski’s books. The main research tools in the analysis of the material were hermeneutics and subject literature analysis. The particular focus was on how spacetime is perceived by elder characters. The conclusions show how the creation of the world in Myśliwski’s novels correlate with Bakhtin’s concept of chronotope.Artykuł ma na celu opis kategorii czasu i przestrzeni w książkach Wiesława Myśliwskiego. Głównymi narzędziami badawczym w analizie materiału była hermeneutyka oraz analiza reprezentacji literackiej. W szczególności skupiono się na ukazaniu tego, w jaki sposób czasoprzestrzeń postrzegana jest przez bohaterów w podeszłym wieku. Autor wiąże kreację świata przedstawionego w powieściach Myśliwskiego z bachtinowską koncepcją chronotopu

Environmental and socio-economic determinants of infant mortality in Poland : an ecological study

BACKGROUND: Health status of infants is related to the general state of health of women of child-bearing age; however, women's occupational environment and socio-economic conditions also seem to play an important role. The aim of the present ecological study was to assess the relationship between occupational environment, industrial pollution, socio-economic status and infant mortality in Poland. METHODS: Data on infant mortality and environmental and socio-economic characteristics for the 66 sub-regions of Poland for the years 2005–2011 were used in the analysis. Factor analysis was used to extract the most important factors explaining total variance among the 23 studied exposures. Generalized Estimating Equations model was used to evaluate the link between infant mortality and the studied extracted factors. RESULTS: Marked variation for infant mortality and the characteristics of industrialization was observed among the 66 sub-regions of Poland. Four extracted factors: “poor working environment”, “urbanization and employment in the service sector”, “industrial pollution”, “economic wealth” accounted for 77.3 % of cumulative variance between the studied exposures. In the multivariate regression analysis, an increase in factor “poor working environment” of 1 SD was related to an increase in infant mortality of 40 (95 % CI: 28–53) per 100,000 live births. Additionally, an increase in factor “industrial pollution” of 1 SD was associated with an increase in infant mortality of 16 (95 % CI: 2–30) per 100,000 live births. The factors “urbanization and employment in the service sector” and “economic wealth” were not significantly related to infant mortality. CONCLUSION: The study findings suggested that, at the population level, infant mortality was associated with an industrial environment. Strategies to improve working conditions and reduce industrial pollution might contribute to a reduction in infant mortality in Poland. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12940-015-0048-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users