Pilot study of transcranial photobiomodulation of lymphatic clearance of beta-amyloid from the mouse brain: breakthrough strategies for non-pharmacologic therapy of Alzheimer's disease

In this pilot study, we analyzed effects of transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM, 1267 nm, 32 J/cm2) on clearance of beta-amyloid (Aβ) from the mouse brain. The immunohistochemical and confocal data clearly demonstrate the significant reduction of deposition of Aβ plaques in mice after tPBM vs. untreated animals. The behavior tests showed that tPBM improved the cognitive, memory and neurological status of mice with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Using of our original method based on optical coherence tomography (OCT) analysis of clearance of gold nanorods (GNRs) from the brain, we proposed possible mechanism underlying tPBM-stimulating effects on clearance of Aβ via the lymphatic system of the brain and the neck. These results open breakthrough strategies for a non-pharmacological therapy of Alzheimer’s disease and clearly demonstrate that tPBM might be a promising therapeutic target for preventing or delaying Alzheimer’s disease

Patterns of development of advanced clonal apple rootstocks of the Michurinsk State Agrarian University selection in the mother plantation

This paper reveals main patterns of development of advanced clonal apple rootstocks of the Michurinsk State Agrarian University selection in the mother plantation. The studied growth and development indicators of shoots, as well as the level of their rooting in 40 genotypes, demonstrate significant heterogeneity of hybrid plants, which is due to their different genetic origin and the associated unequal growth force of parent shrubs. Correlations between the main quantitative morphological characters of parent shrubs of the studied genotypes were revealed. An interrelation of the height of the parent shrub and the area of its leaf surface is noted - on the expectation of 0.71 shoot; for the entire uterine shrub – of 0.45; between the output of standard layering from the shrub and the average rooting score (at 0.72). Promising clonal rootstocks with high yield indices in the mother plantation have been identified

Fuel and energy sector in Russia in the structure of industrial modernization

The article deals with the problems of structural modernization of the Russian economy in the context of using the potential of the fuel and energy sector. The authors reveal the structural modernization regularities and the role of the fuel and energy sector as the most important component in the development of the country's productive forces. Generating a sustainable economic growth trajectory requires increasing the efficiency of using the potential of the energy sector. It is proved that the low technical and technological level of the extractive and processing industries of the fuel and energy sector, price imbalances, and the devaluation of the ruble do not meet the strategic goals of industrial development and achieving economic security

Agrobiological evaluation of new apple clonal rootstocks of the Michurinsk State Agrarian University selection using different breeding methods

The results of many years of research on propagation of promising forms of clonal stocks of apple trees of the Michurinsk State Agrarian University selection in the mother plantation by stooling, by herbaceous cuttings and by clonal micropropagation are presented. According to the complex of economic and biological features, promising clonal rootstocks of an apple tree with high shoot-forming capacity in the mother plant were identified: dwarf apple trees 2-3-49, 2-15-2, 2-15-15, 3-4-7, 5-21-27; semi dwarf apple trees 2-3-14, 2-9-49, 2-9-102, 2-12-10, 5-24-1, 5-27-1. The rootstocks that are promising for propagation by herbaceous cuttings – 2-3-14, 2-3-49, 2-12-10, 2-15-15, 3-4-7, 5-21-93; at the same time, treatment with exogenous promoters such as IBA and NAA at a concentration of 50 mg/l increases the yield and quality of stock material. A modified MSO nutrient medium with the addition of 0.5-1.0 mg/l of 6-BAP and 0.1-0.2 mg/l of IBA is selected for the clonal micropropagation of apple stocks