45,043 research outputs found
Do changes in drinking motives mediate the relation between personality change and maturing out of problem drinking?
Recent research has indicated that developmental changes in the personality traits of neuroticism and impulsivity correlate with changes in problem drinking during emerging and young adulthood. However, it remains unclear what potential mechanisms, or mediators, could account for these associations. Drinking motives, particularly drinking to regulate negative affect (drinking to cope) and to get “high” or “drunk” (drinking for enhancement) have been posited to mediate the relationship between personality and drinking problems. Recent work indicates changes in drinking motives parallel changes in alcohol involvement from adolescence to young adulthood. The current study examined changes in drinking motives (i.e., coping and enhancement) as potential mediators of the relation between changes in personality (impulsivity and neuroticism) with changes in alcohol problems in emerging and young adulthood. Analyses were based on data collected from a cohort of college students (N=489) at varying risk for AUDs from ages 18–35. Parallel process latent growth modeling indicated that change in coping (but not enhancement) motives specifically mediated the relation between changes in neuroticism and alcohol problems as well as the relation between changes in impulsivity and alcohol problems. Findings suggest that change in coping motives is an important mechanism in the relation between personality change and the “maturing out” of problematic alcohol involvement
Recommended from our members
Interface temperatures in friction braking
YesResults and analysis from investigations into the behaviour of the interfacial layer (Tribolayer)
at the friction interface of a brake friction pair (resin bonded composite friction material
and cast iron rotor) are presented in which the disc/pad interface temperature has been
measured using thermocouple methods. Using a designed experiment approach, the interface
temperature is shown to be affected by factors including the number of braking applications,
the friction coefficient, sliding speed, braking load and friction material. The time-dependent
nature of the Tribo-Iayer formation and the real contact area distribution are shown to be
causes of variation in interface temperatures in friction braking. The work extends the
scientific understanding of interface contact and temperature during friction braking
Circumferential pressure probe
A probe for measuring circumferential pressure inside a body cavity is disclosed. In the preferred embodiment, a urodynamic pressure measurement probe for evaluating human urinary sphincter function is disclosed. Along the length of the probe are disposed a multiplicity of deformable wall sensors which typically comprise support tube sections with flexible side wall areas. These are arranged along the length of the probe in two areas, one just proximal to the tip for the sensing of fluid pressure inside the bladder, and five in the sensing section which is positioned within the urethra at the point at which the urinary sphincter constricts to control the flow of urine. The remainder of the length of the probe comprises multiple rigid support tube sections interspersed with flexible support tube sections in the form of bellows to provide flexibility
Modified brinley plots: advantages and disadvantages
Accepted manuscrip
Inter-cluster filaments in a CDM Universe
The large--scale structure (LSS) in the Universe comprises a complicated
filamentary network of matter. We study this network using a high--resolution
simulation of structure formation of a Cold Dark Matter cosmology. We
investigate the distribution of matter between neighbouring large haloes whose
masses are comparable to massive clusters of galaxies. We identify a total of
228 filaments between neighbouring clusters. Roughly half of the filaments are
either warped or lie off the cluster--cluster axis. We find that straight
filaments on the average are shorter than warped ones. More massive clusters
are connected to more filaments than less massive ones on average. This finding
indicates that the most massive clusters form at the intersections of the
filamentary backbone of LSS. For straight filaments, we compute mass profiles.
Radial profiles show a fairly well--defined radius, , beyond which the
profiles follow an power law fairly closely. For the majority of
filaments, lies between 1.5 Mpc and 2.0 Mpc. The
enclosed overdensity inside varies between a few times up to 25 times
mean density, independent of the length of the filaments. Along the filaments'
axes, material is not distributed uniformly. Towards the clusters, the density
rises, indicating the presence of the cluster infall regions. In addition, we
also find some sheet--like connections between clusters. In roughly a fifth of
all cluster--cluster connections where we could not identify a filament or
sheet, projection effects lead to filamentary structures in the projected mass
distribution. (abridged)Comment: 10 pages, 18 figures; submitted to MNRAS; updated: final version,
accepted for publicatio
- …