Prvi nalaz mladunca psa trupana Carcharhinus plumbeus (Nardo, 1827) (Carcharhiniformes: Carcharhinidae) iz južnog Jadranskog mora

This paper is describing a new finding of Carcharhinus plumbeus (Nardo, 1927) caught at the insular shelves off the Sazan Island at the depth of 120 m, which is the southernmost record for a sandbar shark in the Adriatic Sea. The individual had a partially healed umbilical scar and is considered as neonatal. Examined shark appeared in good body condition with showed no macroscopic signs of diseases or macroscopic parasites. Detailed morphometric measurements are compared with four neonate and juvenile specimens from the north and central Adriatic Sea and are provided in the paper. Despite it is not possible to establish a certain conclusion on whether our specimen was born in the studied area or elsewhere, presented finding provides the very first evidence that neonatal sandbar sharks can be found along the coast of Albania. Knowing the exact locations and movements of both neonates and juveniles is of high importance for the effective long-term in-situ conservation.Ovaj rad opisuje nalaz novorođenog psa tupana Carcharhinus plumbeus (Nardo, 1927) ulovljenog kod otoka Sazana (Albanija) na dubini od 120 m, što je najjužniji susret u Jadranskom moru. Opisana jedinka imala je djelomično zacijeljen pupčani ožiljak. Patološki pregled pokazao je da je jedinka bila u dobrom tjelesnom stanju, bez makroskopskih promijena i parazita, dok su uzorci tkiva uzeti za daljnje histološke analize. Detaljnji morfometrijski podaci uspoređeni su s četiri neonatalne i juvenilne jedinke iz sjevernog i srednjeg Jadrana, te su navedene u radu. Iako nije moguće sa sigurnošću utvrditi da li je naša jedinka okoćena u istraživanom području ili drugdje, predstavljeni nalaz daje prvi znanstveni dokaz da se neonatalni psi tupani mogu naći duž obale Albanije. Poznavanje točnih lokacija i kretanje tek okoćenih i mladih morskih pasa od velike je važnosti za učinkovito dugoročno očuvanje in situ

Melanomakrofagni centri i oboljenja morske mačke bljedice, Scyliorhinus canicula (L.), iz južnog Jadrana – značaj za budući monitoring

Melanomacrophages of fish are commonly explored as biomarkers of water pollution and are considered to be sensitive albeit non-specific health indicators in water ecosystems. Sharks as long living marine species are good sentinel species. This study presents morphometric data for splenic and hepatic melanomacrophages (MMC), and observed histopathology in ten lesser-spotted catsharks, Scyliorhinus canicula (L.), one of the most abundant shark species in the eastern Adriatic Sea. At necropsy, we collected random tissue samples from liver, brain, gallblader, pancreas, spleen, kidney, gills, entire digestive system, thyroid gland, rectal gland, entire urogenital (male samples) and genital system (female samples). Collected tissue samples were routinely processed and stained with hematoxylin-eosin, Periodic Acid-Schiff, and Masson Trichrome for microscopic examinations and morphometry. There was a minimal number of histopathological lesions in the examined sharks, but morphometric values reported herein were three folds higher than in previous studies in free-ranging sharks. Studies on larger numbers of sharks are needed to elucidate the biological significance of our finding in the context of population decline of the lesser-spotted catshark.Melanomakrofagni centri različitih taksa ribolikih životinja nerijetko se koriste kao biomarkeri u ekološkim studijama, te se smatraju pouzdanim pokazateljima stanja u ispitivanju onečišćenja. Mor-ski psi, kao objektivno dugoživuće marinske vrste, predstavljaju idealne modele za ovakve studije. U ovom radu autori su prezentirali detaljne morfometrijske podatke za melanomakrofagne centre (MMC) opservirane u jetri i slezeni, kao i uočene histopatološke promjene na deset jedinki morske mačke bljedice, Scyliorhinus canicula (L.) - kao jedne od najzastupljenijih prečnousta istočnog Jadranskog mora. Tijekom obdukcije, uzorkovani su svi organi koji si potom rutinski histološki bojeni (hematoksilin-eozin, Periodic Acid-Schiff i Masson’s Trichtome) s ciljem detaljnijih mik-roskopskih opservacija. Uočena morfologija, kao i brojnost, MMC ispitivanih jedinki odgovara lit-eraturnim podacima za druge vrste prečnousta. Međutim, dokumentirane morfometrijske vrijednosti bile su tri puta veće u odnosu na prethodne studije. Prosječni broj MMC po vidnom polju (HPF) i prosječan postotak područja okupiranog od strne MMC u jetri i slezeni nisu pokazali statistički značajnu razliku. Ipak, prosječna površina jednog jetrenog MMC bila je veća u odnosu na one u slezeni (p<0,05). Opisani podaci o MMC značajno doprinose još uvijek dosta ograničenim podacima o distribuciji, morfologiji i morfometrija MMC kod landovine, te možemo reći da predstavljaju polaznu vrijednost za sljedeće studije. Daljnje, multidisciplinarne, studije neophodne su kako bi se ostvario širi uvid u učinke i povezanost MMC s različitim patološkim stanjima i razumijevanje nega-tivnog utjecaja pritisaka koji vladaju u staništu na zdravstveno stanje mačke bljedice, ali i drugih vrsta, u Jadranskom moru

NEW HOPE FOR THE CRITICALLY ENDANGERED COMMON ANGEL SHARK Squatina squatina IN THE ADRIATIC SEA

Povijesno gledano, dvije vrste morskog psa, sklat sivac (Squatina squatina) i sklat žutac (Squatina oculata), bile su uobičajene u gornjem epikontinentalnom pojasu istočnog Jadranskog mora. Iako se obje vrste smatraju kritično ugroženima u Jadranu, ali i u ostatku svijeta, gotovo da nema podataka o trenutnom stanju populacija, procjeni ugroženosti i zaštiti in situ specifičnoj za ove vrste. Sklat sivac je još uvijek prisutan u vrlo fragmentiranim područjima istočnog Jadrana s iznimno rijetkim, ali postojanim zapisima - dok se sklat žutac uglavnom smatra regionalno izumrlim u Jadranu zbog prekomjernog izlova i prekomjerne upotrebe neselektivnih ribolovnih alata. Postojala su samo 3 objavljena zapisa o sklatu sivcu u ovom stoljeću, od kojih su posljednja dva ribarski izviještaji. Ovaj rad donosi podatke o 34 nova nalaza, uključujući mlađ, juvenilni stadij, podadultne i adultne stadije zabilježene u razdoblju od siječnja 2020. do kolovoza 2021. godine u zadarsko-šibenskom arhipelagu (srednji Jadran) i jednom u Premanturi (sjeverni Jadran). Dva su originalna otkrića tijekom terenske ekspedicije, 9 su izravno prijavljeni od strane lokalnih ribara, a 23 su prijavljena putem detaljnog upitnika. Osim toga, raspravlja se o prihvatljivom uzgoju i/ili rastilištu između Zadra i Šibenika, uključujući važnost za revitalizaciju i dugoročno očuvanje in situ.Historically, two angel shark species, common angel shark Squatina squatina and smoothback angel shark Squatina oculata, were common in the upper continental shelf of the eastern Adriatic Sea. Although both species are considered critically endangered in the Adriatic and the rest of the world, there are almost no data on the current status of populations, threat assessment and species-specific in-situ conservation. Common angel shark is still present in highly fragmented areas of the eastern Adriatic with extremely rare but consistent records, while smoothback angel shark is mostly considered regionally extinct in the Adriatic due to overfishing and overuse of non-selective fishing gear. There have been only 3 published records of common angel shark this century, the last two of which were reported by fishermen. This paper presents data on 34 new finds, including neonates, juveniles, subadults and adults recorded between January 2020 and August 2021 in the Zadar-Šibenik archipelago (central Adriatic) and one in Premantura (northern Adriatic). Two are original findings during the field expedition, 9 were reported directly by local fishermen, while 23 were reported through a detailed questionnaire. Additionally, plausible breeding and/or nursery grounds between Zadar and Šibenik are discussed with their importance for revitalization and long-term conservation in situ

Individual variability of vascularization of the anterior papillary muscle within the right ventricle of human heart.

BACKGROUND:To date there is scarce published evidence reporting the dual blood supply reaching anterior papillary muscle (APM), which descends from both major coronary arteries. Such a vascular configuration can prevent the dysfunction of right ventricular entire valvular system in case of the occlusion of proximal part of either right coronary artery (RCA) or left coronary artery (LCA). The aim of our study was to determine the vascular pattern of APM blood supply which originates from two main coronary arteries, in the context of the APM and septomarginal trabecula (SMT) topography. METHODS:The study was carried out using tissue obtained from 36 human hearts. The material was divided into four morphological types of SMT/APM arrangement. Vascularization and blood supply pattern of papillary muscle was investigated following the analysis of multiple tissue cross sections. The origin of APM arterial supply was traced back to both main coronary arteries. Cross-sectional area of the arteries was estimated at the base of APM and compared within mixed male-female population, aged 18-76. RESULTS:We noted that as much as 78% of entire APM material had a blood supply vasculature originating from both LCA and RCA branches. In contrast, 22% of cases APM was supplied by a single coronary artery, while in each case it proved to be LCA. We have never found APM arterial supply provided exclusively by RCA. In case of double AMP blood supply an average of total cross-section area of the arteries branching from LCA, was noted to be in excess of two and a half times bigger in type III and more than two times bigger in type IV, as compared with the arteries originating from RCA. CONCLUSIONS:Our research confirm the possibility of double blood supply which vascularizes APM, but the finding does not necessarily apply in all cases. However, APM seems to be predominantly vascularized by arteries deriving from LCA, regardless of their morphological type

Karakterizacija zavarenih spojeva cevi od čelika X20CrMoV121 dobijenih različitim tehnologijama zavarivanja

Toplotno postojani martenzitni čelik X20CrMo12 1 je našao široku primenu na domaćim termoenergetskim (TE) postrojenjima za izradu izlaznih sekcija pregrejača cevnog sistema kotla, kao i debelozidih komponenti kao što su kolektori izlaznih pregrejača i parovodi sveže pare. Dugotrajne karakteristike ovog čelika su detaljno istraživane i najvećim delom razjašnjene i kao toplotno postojani čelik spada u klasu najkvalitetnijih čelika do sada napravljenih. Međutim, pored svih prednosti glavni nedostatak ovog čelika je njegova loša zavarljivost. Zavarivanje na licu mesta, martenzitnih čelika je uvek veliki izazov i vrlo je teško dobiti kvalitetan zavareni spoj u kratkom vremenskom periodu, koliko recimo traju nepredviđeni zastoji bloka. U ovom radu je, radi poređenja, data karakterizacija tri zavarena spoja cevi pregrejača izrađenog od čelika X20CrMoV12 1, zavarena različitim tehnologijama zavarivanja: fabrički spoj dobijen zavarivanjem varničenjem, sa srodnim dodatnim materijalom i sa austenitnim dodatnim materijalom