737 research outputs found
Quantum-like modeling of the order effect in decision making: POVM viewpoint on the Wang-Busemeyer QQ-equality
In recent years, quantum mechanics has been actively used in areas outside of
physics, such as psychology, sociology, theory of decision-making, game theory,
and others. In particular, quantum mechanics is used to explain the paradoxes
arising in cognitive psychology and decision making. Wang and Busemeyer
invented a quantum model and approach as well as non-parametric equality
(so-called QQ-equality), explaining the questions order effect. The primary
objective of this note is to test the possibility to expand the Wang-Busemeyer
model by considering questions which are mathematically represented by positive
operator valued measures. We found that, for such observables, the QQ-equality
can be violated. But, we also showed that, in principle, it is possible to
reduce expanded model to the original Wang-Busemeyer model by expanding the
context of the questions
Structure and energetics of carbon, hexagonal boron nitride and carbon/hexagonal boron nitride single-layer and bilayer nanoscrolls
Single-layer and bilayer carbon and hexagonal boron nitride nanoscrolls as
well as nanoscrolls made of bilayer graphene/hexagonal boron nitride
heterostructure are considered. Structures of stable states of the
corresponding nanoscrolls prepared by rolling single-layer and bilayer
rectangular nanoribbons are obtained based on the analytical model and
numerical calculations. The lengths of nanoribbons for which stable and
energetically favorable nanoscrolls are possible are determined. Barriers to
rolling of single-layer and bilayer nanoribbons into nanoscrolls and barriers
to nanoscroll unrolling are calculated. Based on the calculated barriers
nanoscroll lifetimes in the stable state are estimated. Elastic constants for
bending of graphene and hexagonal boron nitride layers used in the model are
found by density functional theory calculations.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figure
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