HOW DOES A PROJECT-BASED ORGANIZATION AFFECT THE SMART FACTORY’S DEVELOPMENT? ACHIEVING “SMARTNESS” THROUGH A “FLUID MOSAIC” ORGANIZING

In this contribution we argue that a fluid mosaic organizing is in the need when it comes to develop innovation in a smart environment. Indeed we propose the fluid mosaic organization as a way of smart organizing. Our research focuses on three project-based organizations in order to answer this research question: how research and industry coordinate in a temporary project-based organization? What kinds of project-based organization can better stimulate collaboration and innovation among research and industry towards the effective smart factory’s development? Data have been collected from multiple sources: documents, interviews and participant observation. First results shows that when coordination is strongly based on the hierarchy, it is hard to transfer knowledge, making tricky the innovation development. Instead, when coordination is based on mutual adjustments between partners, the information flow is natural, as well as the knowledge transfer, leading to more flowing processes. However, all these mechanisms are strictly linked and depend also on the cognitive distance between the partners. Particularly, when the distance is low, the leadership style is democratic and coordination is firstly based on mutual adjustment and then standardization, the resulting smart organization takes the form of what we call a “fluid mosaic” drawing on the fluid mosaic concept developed in biology

Efficient CFD code implementation for the ARM-based Mont-Blanc architecture

Since 2011, the European project Mont-Blanc has been focused on enabling ARM-based technology for HPC, developing both hardware platforms and system software. The latest Mont-Blanc prototypes use system-on-chip (SoC) devices that combine a CPU and a GPU sharing a common main memory. Specific developments of parallel computing software and well-suited implementation approaches are of crucial importance for such a heterogeneous architecture in order to efficiently exploit its potential. This paper is devoted to the optimizations carried out in the TermoFluids CFD code to efficiently run it on the Mont-Blanc system. The underlying numerical method is based on an unstructured finite-volume discretization of the Navier–Stokes equations for the numerical simulation of incompressible turbulent flows. It is implemented using a portable and modular operational approach based on a minimal set of linear algebra operations. An architecture-specific heterogeneous multilevel MPI+OpenMP+OpenCL implementation of such kernels is proposed. It includes optimizations of the storage formats, dynamic load balancing between the CPU and GPU devices and hiding of communication overheads by overlapping computations and data transfers. A detailed performance study shows time reductions of up to on the kernels’ execution with the new heterogeneous implementation, its scalability on up to 128 Mont-Blanc nodes and the energy savings (around ) achieved with the Mont-Blanc system versus the high-end hybrid supercomputer MinoTauro.The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme [FP7/2007–2013] and Horizon 2020 under the Mont-Blanc Project (www.montblanc-project.eu), grant agreement n 288777, 610402 and 671697. The work has been financially supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Spain (ENE- 2014-60577-R), the Russian Science Foundation, project 15-11-30039, CONICYT Becas Chile Doctorado 2012, the Juan de la Cierva posdoctoral grant (IJCI-2014-21034), and the Initial Training Network SEDITRANS (GA number: 607394), implemented within the 7th Framework Programme of the European Commission under call FP7-PEOPLE- 2013-ITN. Our calculations have been performed on the resources of the Barcelona Supercomputing Center. The authors thankfully acknowledge these institutions.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version