47 research outputs found
The visual and material dimensions of legitimacy:Accounting and the search for Socie-ties
We are grateful to the Fondation Audencia for the financial support provided for our archival research.The aim of this article is to contribute to the literature on legitimacy by investigating its material and visual dimensions. By drawing on studies on rhetoric as a means of composing visions of social order and on an historical analysis of accounts in three paradigmatic eras (Roman times, Renaissance and Modernity), it shows how symmetry in accounts constituted an aesthetic code which tied members of a community together in âsocie-tiesâ. We investigate the rhetorical process of ratiocinatio and explore how the visual and material dimensions of accounts provided social actors with an opportunity to explore their positions and ties within a community. This process augmented social actorsâ understanding of their current relations by reducing them to a series of entries into an account, thus allowing them to reflect on what it meant to be a legitimate member of a society.PostprintPeer reviewe
An extension of coupled beam method and its application to study ship's hull-superstructure interaction problems
Cell death by mitotic catastrophe: a molecular definition
The current literature is devoid of a clearcut definition of mitotic catastrophe, a type of cell death that occurs during mitosis. Here, we propose that mitotic catastrophe results from a combination of deficient cell-cycle checkpoints (in particular the DNA structure checkpoints and the spindle assembly checkpoint) and cellular damage. Failure to arrest the cell cycle before or at mitosis triggers an attempt of aberrant chromosome segregation, which culminates in the activation of the apoptotic default pathway and cellular demise. Cell death occurring during the metaphase/anaphase transition is characterized by the activation of caspase-2 (which can be activated in response to DNA damage) and/or mitochondrial membrane permeabilization with the release of cell death effectors such as apoptosis-inducing factor and the caspase-9 and-3 activator cytochrome c. Although the morphological aspect of apoptosis may be incomplete, these alterations constitute the biochemical hallmarks of apoptosis. Cells that fail to execute an apoptotic program in response to mitotic failure are likely to divide asymmetrically in the next round of cell division, with the consequent generation of aneuploid cells. This implies that disabling of the apoptotic program may actually favor chromosomal instability, through the suppression of mitotic catastrophe. Mitotic catastrophe thus may be conceived as a molecular device that prevents aneuploidization, which may participate in oncogenesis. Mitotic catastrophe is controlled by numerous molecular players, in particular, cell-cycle-specific kinases (such as the cyclin B1-dependent kinase Cdk1, polo-like kinases and Aurora kinases), cell-cycle checkpoint proteins, survivin, p53, caspases and members of the Bcl-2 family
Mentality, motivation, and economic decisionâmaking in Ancient Rome: Cicero and Tullia's shrine
Mentality, motivation, and economic decisionâmaking in Ancient Rome: Cicero and Tullia's shrine
Information governance in Roman finance
This paper studies the role of information as a determinant of the performance of the Roman financial system. I extend the traditional transaction cost approach by using a broader concept borrowed from organisation sciences: âInformation Governance Systemâ (IGS). Information governance comprises all socially or formally instituted processes that regulate the production, circulation, valuation, storage, retrieval, and processing of information. The concept of IG system denotes how these processes are structured and which rule sets define them. I argue that the institutional framework of the Roman empire offered procedures for information governance that supported the development of a market for financial services. This public order IGS, however, required considerable knowledge and skills. As in late medieval Europe it led to the emergence of financial specialists. As such it was a positive determinant for the economic growth we see documented in the material record