2 research outputs found
Cleavage of Peptides from Amphibian Skin Revealed by Combining Analysis of Gland Secretion and in Situ MALDI Imaging Mass Spectrometry
Peptides from skin secretions of amphibians are considered important components of their immune system and also play a relevant role in their defense mechanism against predators. Herein, by using mass spectrometry (MS), we characterize the sequence of 13 peptides from the gland secretion of the hylid tree frog, Boana punctata. Using in situ matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization imaging MS of a transverse section of the skin tissue, we show that some peptides are stored as longer molecules that are cleaved after being secreted, whereas others do not undergo any modification. Sequence comparison with peptides from other Boana species and analysis of the three-dimensional theoretical structure indicate that this cleavage depends on both the presence of a specific sequence motif and the secondary structure. The fact that peptides undergo a rapid cleavage upon secretion suggests that stored and secreted peptides may have distinct roles for anuran survival, including defense against pathogens and predators.Fil: Brunetti, AndrĂ©s Eduardo. Universidade de Sao Paulo; Brasil. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de QuĂmica OrgĂĄnica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales âBernardino Rivadaviaâ; ArgentinaFil: Marani, Mariela Mirta. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - Centro Nacional PatagĂłnico. Instituto PatagĂłnico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales; ArgentinaFil: Soldi, Rafael A.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Mendonça, Jacqueline Nakau. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Faivovich, JuliĂĄn. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Biodiversidad y BiologĂa Experimental; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales âBernardino Rivadaviaâ; ArgentinaFil: Cabrera, Gabriela Myriam. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Unidad de MicroanĂĄlisis y MĂ©todos FĂsicos en QuĂmica OrgĂĄnica. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Unidad de MicroanĂĄlisis y MĂ©todos FĂsicos en QuĂmica OrgĂĄnica; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de QuĂmica OrgĂĄnica; ArgentinaFil: Lopes, Norberto P.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; Brasi
A Comprehensive Review of Patented Antimicrobial Peptides from Amphibian Anurans
Since
the 1980s, studies of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs)
derived
from anuran skin secretions have unveiled remarkable structural diversity
and a wide range of activities. This study explores the potential
of these peptides for drug development by examining granted patents,
amino acid modifications related to patented peptides, and recent
amphibiansâ taxonomic updates influencing AMP names. A total
of 188 granted patents related to different anuran peptides were found,
with Asia and North America being the predominant regions, contributing
65.4% and 15.4%, respectively. Conversely, although the Neotropical
region is the worldâs most diversified region for amphibians,
it holds only 3.7% of the identified patents. The antimicrobial activities
of the peptides are claimed in 118 of these 188 patents. Additionally,
for 160 of these peptides, 66 patents were registered for the natural
sequence, 69 for both natural and derivative sequences, and 20 exclusively
for sequence derivatives. Notably, common modifications include alterations
in the side chains of amino acids and modifications to the peptidesâ
N- and C-termini. This review underscores the biomedical potential
of anuran-derived AMPs, emphasizing the need to bridge the gap between
AMP description and practical drug development while highlighting
the urgency of biodiversity conservation to facilitate biomedical
discoveries